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Biomedical subjects

R Becker

Publications and source records attributed to R Becker.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[The tongue as a factor in craniofacial growth. 1. Modification of the linear dimensions of the lower jaw].

The influence of the tongue on craniofacial growth was studied in 96 miniature pigs MINI-LEWE. The animals were partially glossectomized at different ages and slaughtered at various post-operative intervals. The skulls were macerated for biometric analysis. Mandibular growth in length was significantly reduced in the animals glossectomized at an age of 12 weeks. Both the overall length and that of the tooth-bearing portion were affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The tongue as a factor in craniofacial growth. 3. The influence of the height and angle of the lower jaw].

In the miniature pig MINI-LEWE partial glossectomy had no significant effects on vertical growth of the lower jaw, growth of the upper jaw or overall skull growth. No relationship was found between age at glossectomy or post-surgical interval and the size of the gonion angle. The tongue, peri-oral muscles and the muscles of the floor of the mouth are in a state of functional equilibrium which changes in the course of development, the influence of either the tongue or the peri-oral muscles increasing as a result. Partial disruption of this state of equilibrium leads to dysgnathia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The tongue as a factor in craniofacial growth. 2. The influence of the width dimension of the lower jaw].

The role played by the tongue in orofacial growth is also indicated by the reduced width of the lower jaw. In miniature pigs MINI-LEWE that were partially glossectomized at an age of 12 weeks lateral growth of the whole lower jaw was reduced after eight months. In animals that had been glossectomized at an age of six weeks lateral growth of the lower jaw was reduced in the region of the 1st deciduous molars and the canines right months after glossectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Development and evaluation of a low-cost amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) containing food for preschool children.

A powdered blend for feeding preschool children was prepared from whole amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) seeds, pearled oats, soybeans, sucrose and vegetable oil. The blend was similar in proximal chemical analysis and total caloric content, and identical in calorie distribution and vitamin and mineral patterns to a soy/oats infant formula previously developed. The amaranth blend equalled the FAO/WHO 1973 children's pattern in tryptophan and exceeded this pattern, as well as the soy/oats formula in all other essential amino acids; it reflected higher PER than casein and the soy/oats formula. In feeding trials with children 1-3 years of age, no significant differences in weight gain was observed when either product was fed. The anticipated cost of the amaranth blend is 6% lower than that of the soy/oats formula.

Amaranthus↗
PubMed1987

Hand function in the elderly: relation to osteoarthritis.

Hand function and osteoarthritis (OA) were assessed in 32 subjects, over 60-years-old. The Smith Hand Function Test bore a relation to age, coordination and hand strength but not to the degree of OA. Hand strength also was not related to OA. Subjective hand disability, measured with the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire, correlated with radiographic OA and joint tenderness as well as with sex and hand strength. OA does not contribute significantly to the objective decline in hand function in the elderly but may contribute to a subjective sense of functional limitation.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Nerve growth factor (NGF) sensitizes human medullary thyroid carcinoma (hMTC) cells for cytostatic therapy in vitro.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (hMTC) cells were established from nine patients with MTC disease to initiate a new approach of adjuvant medical therapy in these patients. We measured calcitonin (CT) secretion, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation in vitro and their response to various substances. Nerve growth factor (NGF) (0.01 to 10 micrograms/ml), glucagon (0.01 to 100 micrograms/ml), and isoproterenol (4 to 500 micrograms/ml) stimulated CT secretion and DNA synthesis in hMTC cells. Other substances, calcium (1.0 to 15 mmol), pentagastrin (1.0 to 50 mumol), dibutyryl-cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate (1.0 to 100 mumol), and phorbol ester TPA (1.0 to 100 nmol), stimulated CT secretion but not DNA synthesis. In addition, NGF enhanced cell proliferation of hMTC cells 2- to 3- fold and caused an increased sensitivity of these cells for chemotherapy in vitro. Thus 0.5 microgram/ml doxorubicin (half-maximal effective dose) induced a cell death rate of up to 32.8%, which was enhanced by preincubation with NGF to 68.1% (1.0 microgram/ml, NGF) and to 100% (10.0 micrograms/ml, NGF), respectively. Pulsative stimulation of APUD cell carcinomas with NGF may therefore improve the response rate of these tumors to chemotherapy, which would be of significant clinical importance for patients with residual postoperative MTC tissue.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1986

Differential changes of nuclear-envelope-associated enzyme activities involved in nucleocytoplasmic mRNA transport in the developing rat brain and liver.

Nucleocytoplasmic transport of rat liver mRNA is thought to be regulated by a nucleoside triphosphatase whose activity in the intact nuclear envelope is stimulated by the 3'poly(A) tail of poly(A)+ mRNA. In contrast to the liver mRNA, the mRNA from rat brain contains a great population of poly(A)- mRNA's that does not appear until after birth. Measurements of the nuclear-envelope-associated enzyme activities involved in mRNA transport, and their dependence on endogenous (isolated cytoplasmic mRNA-transport-stimulating proteins) and exogenous (poly(A), lectins, and neoglycoproteins) factors during prenatal and postnatal rat brain and liver development, revealed marked organ-dependent differences paralleling the appearance of the poly(A)- mRNA unique in the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Determination of tramadol in human serum by capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-selective detection.

A specific, sensitive and precise method for the determination of tramadol in human serum is described. It comprises a three-step extraction procedure and a specific determination by capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-selective detection, using a homologue of tramadol as an internal standard. The specificity of the method was checked by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Precision parameters were 1.7-5.5% (within-run) and 3.2-5.7% (between-run) in the concentration range 12.5-200 ng/ml. The detection limit was about 3 ng/ml.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1986

Poststroke depression and lesion location. An attempted replication.

Recent evidence suggests that poststroke depression is associated with the location of the brain infarct, proximity to the frontal pole being associated with greater depression following left hemisphere injury, and an opposite relationship being seen with injury to the right hemisphere. This study was designed to replicate and extend previous investigation of this issue. Depression was assessed following recent stroke in patients with localized right (n = 16) or left (n = 19) hemisphere lesions. No overall differences between these groups were found on several measures of depression. Although there appeared to be a negative linear relationship between severity of depression and distance of the lesion from the frontal pole in left hemisphere patients, this association failed to attain statistical significance. A curvilinear relationship was evident in right hemisphere patients, with anterior and posterior lesions associated with high depression scores. These data support the notion that lesion location is associated with the severity of poststroke depression, although the nature of this association may be more complex than has previously been suggested.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A statistical method for determining suitability for community placement.

The authors developed a statistically based method for determining whether inpatient or outpatient placement is most appropriate for a given patient. This study assesses the method's accuracy by comparing statistical classifications of a random sample of inpatients at five New York State facilities with the classifications of multidisciplinary clinical teams. The statistical method proved to be very strong in screening patients who should not be considered for community placement and in four of the five facilities was also strong in identifying appropriate outpatients. The authors discuss the method's implications for outpatient screening and outpatient programs.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1986

Value of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of patients with complete and high degree block due to intracanal neoplasm.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 26 patients with high degree or complete epidural and/or intradural myelographic block, due to primary or secondary neoplasm were analysed. The ratio of false negative MRI was 11.5 per cent. MRI findings were considered to be indicative of lesser block than indicated by myelography in almost 50 per cent of patients. Correlation between the two modalities was highest in cases associated with significant vertebral collapse, malalignment and angulation of the spine and angulation of the spinal cord.

Humans↗