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Biomedical subjects

R Baxter

Publications and source records attributed to R Baxter.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Scimitar syndrome: cine magnetic resonance imaging demonstration of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.

A "scimitar" shadow was found on routine chest roentgenography in an asymptomatic patient. Evaluation with cine magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an anomalous pulmonary vein draining into the inferior vena cava below the diaphragm. The diagnosis of scimitar syndrome was confirmed and successfully repaired at operation. Cine magnetic resonance imaging may be of considerable value in the assessment of congenital pulmonary venous abnormalities and may provide an alternative to more traditional invasive diagnostic techniques in certain circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of bactericidal activity of five antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus.

Ten volunteers were given each of five antibiotics, sequentially, until steady state was reached. Peak and trough sera were then drawn, and bactericidal titers were determined to two different isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, both sensitive in vitro to all antibiotics tested. The antibiotics were cephalexin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ), clindamycin, dicloxacillin, and ciprofloxacin. Mean peak serum bactericidal titers (SBT) were significantly higher for cephalexin than for dicloxacillin, ciprofloxacin, and TMP/SMZ (P less than .05). The difference between cephalexin and clindamycin did not achieve statistical significance. Dicloxacillin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin were not statistically different from each other. Mean SBT for TMP/SMZ was less than 1:2, significantly less than that achieved by the other antibiotics. Only clindamycin achieved a trough SBT greater than 1:2. This was statistically significant compared with each of the other antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Gastrointestinal manifestations of essential mixed cryoglobulinemia.

A patient with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC) presented initially with gastric ulcers and, six months later, with a lesion of the ileum, mild stricture of the transverse colon, and stricture of the sigmoid colon with deep ulceration. The initial diagnosis was Crohn's disease, but pathologic examination of the resected sigmoid lesion showed vasculitis secondary to EMC. Patients with EMC can present with gastrointestinal manifestations mimicking Crohn's disease. A review and classification of the gastrointestinal manifestations of EMC are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Surgical options in the management of large omphaloceles.

Forty-six neonates with omphaloceles seen at the Children's Hospital and Medical Center in Seattle from 1975 to 1985 were reviewed. There was an 87 percent survival rate in those surgically managed. The 23 neonates who underwent primary closure all survived. The 13 neonates with giant omphaloceles with the liver in the defect who received silon chimneys had a 46 percent mortality rate and a high complication rate, with prolonged hospitalization. Two neonates with giant omphaloceles were managed by leaving the sac intact, and silver sulfadiazine cream was used as an escharotic agent. We believe it is a safer alternative than the silon chimney in neonates whose defects cannot be closed primarily.

Biological Dressings↗
PubMed1986

Retarded habituation and lateral asymmetries in electrodermal activity in cardiovascular disorders.

Electrodermal activity was recorded bilaterally during a sequence of moderate-intensity tones in 40 cardiac patients who exhibited clinical signs of exhaustion and in 40 controls. Responsive patients were slower to habituate than responsive controls. The groups did not differ in non-specific responses. Patients also showed lateral asymmetries in amplitudes and latencies indicative of abnormalities in right hand activity. Levels of skin conductance were higher in patients largely because of an abnormal elevation of right hand levels in both responders and non-responders. The results were consistent with limbic dysfunction together with a loss of left hemispheric contralateral inhibition. The deficit in habituation and the laterality effect may relate to the role of effort and exhaustion in cardiovascular disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Increase in remission rate in newly diagnosed type I diabetic subjects treated with azathioprine.

Azathioprine (2 mg/kg) was given, in addition to routine insulin treatment, to alternate patients presenting with recent-onset type I diabetes. Treated (N = 13) and untreated (N = 11) patients did not differ significantly at diagnosis with respect to age, duration of symptoms, body weight, blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, or presence of ketosis. Eight patients were treated for 12 mo, three elected to stop treatment at 6 mo, and treatment was stopped in two because of side effects. Seven treated patients had a remission compared with one untreated patient. At 12 mo these seven patients were distinguished by significantly higher basal and glucagon-stimulated levels of C-peptide (1.98 +/- 0.52 and 3.88 +/- 0.34 micrograms/L, respectively) compared with the other six treated patients (0.93 +/- 0.52 and 1.32 +/- 0.85 microgram/L, respectively), and by the persistence of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies. Remissions were not sustained in the 1-2 yr after treatment, although relapsed patients required less insulin for control. These results corroborate those from nonrandomized trials using cyclosporine and suggest that protracted treatment with nonspecific immunosuppressive drugs may be necessary to avert insulin dependence.

Adolescent↗