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Biomedical subjects

R Bansal

Publications and source records attributed to R Bansal.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Immunological studies in seronegative spondyloarthropathies.

Immunological parameters including the serum levels of major classes of immunoglobulins and complement C3, screening of six commonly encountered autoantibodies (including rheumatoid factor) and screening for circulating immune complexes were carried out in patients with different presentations of seronegative spondyloarthropathies. Compared with 27 controls, the mean serum levels of IgG were significantly elevated (p less than 0.001) in 19 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 15 with Reiter's disease (RD) and nine with 'unclassified' seronegative spondarthritis. Serum IgA was significantly elevated (p less than 0.01) in Reiter's disease but not in the other two groups of patients. One patient with 'unclassified' seronegative spondarthritis showed complete absence of IgA and IgM in his serum. Serum C3 levels were estimated in 26 AS patients, 14 RD patients and nine unclassified seronegative spondarthritis patients. The values did not differ significantly from those in 27 controls. Autoantibodies were not detected in any of 29 patients with AS, 15 with RD and 10 patients with unclassified seronegative spondarthritis. Circulating immune complexes were detected by latex agglutination-inhibition technique in 5.9% of 85 controls, 61% of 18 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (p less than 0.001), 67% of 15 patients with Reiter's disease (p less than 0.05) and 78% of nine patients with unclassified seronegative spondarthritis (p less than 0.001). The findings would suggest an ongoing antigenic challenge in these diseases in which tissues may be damaged by deposits of antigen-antibody complexes.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1981

Pseudotumor cerebri: an observation and review.

In five consecutive cases of pseudotumor cerebri we observed an elevation in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate that we were able to correlate with the changes in the degree of papilledema. In spite of an extensive medical workup, no other cause for the increased ESR was found. Our findings suggest that possibly serial ESR determinations might be of assistance in following cases of pseudotumor cerebri.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A study of malabsorption in intestinal tuberculosis: stagnant loop syndrome.

A study was carried out in the patients with intestinal tuberculosis and obstruction requiring surgery to determine the pathogenesis of malabsorption in this condition. Fifteen of the 20 patients studied had malabsorption, nine of 17 (53%) had intestinal bacterial overgrowth and 10 of 16 (62.6%) had free bile acids in their jejunal aspirates. In a comparable group of nontuberculus intestinal obstruction requiring surgery, six of seven (85.7%) had malabsorption, and four of five (80%) had both the bacterial overgrowth as well as bile salt deconjugation. Among a group of 10 patients with intestinal tuberculosis without significant obstruction, four were found to have malabsorption but only one had evidence of bacterial overgrowth and bile salt deconjugation. In contrast, only one of the 10 patients with extraintestinal tuberculosis and none of the 12 healthy, normal subjects had malabsorption. None had bacterial overgrowth or bile salt deconjugation in either group. Resection of the obstructing lesion corrected the malabsorption as well as the bacterial overgrowth and the bile salt deconjugation in all four patients tested with intestinal tuberculosis. Malabsorption in intestinal tuberculosis thus appears to be associated with obstruction rather than with the tuberculous process. Demonstration of bacterial overgrowth and bile salt deconjugation in the upper small intestine of patients with intestinal tuberculosis with obstruction and malabsorption indicate the presence of a stagnant loop syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stimulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation in culture by growth in the presence of a monoclonal antibody to sulfated glycolipid.

Perturbation of myelinogenesis by monoclonal antibodies against galactolipids is being used to study the role of these lipids in oligodendrocyte differentiation. We report here a marked stimulatory effect on oligodendrocyte differentiation when mixed primary cultures initiated from 19-21 day fetal rat telencephala are grown in the presence of a monoclonal antibody against sulfogalactolipids. When such cultures were grown in the presence of the IgM antibody 04 [Sommer and Schachner, Dev Biol 83:311-327 1981], the oligodendrocytes formed aggregates connected by fasciculated processes. Immunofluorescence microscopy and biochemical analyses of treated cultures demonstrated 2-3 fold increases in the fraction of 04-positive cells expressing myelin basic protein, and in the levels of myelin basic protein RNA, myelin basic protein, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity, and 35SO4 incorporation into sulfatide. Greater than 90% of the cells positive for myelin basic protein in treated cultures were in aggregates. The specific activities of oligodendrocyte markers were unaffected in control cultures grown with nonspecific myeloma IgM. Since there was no increase in the total number of 04-positive cells in treated cultures, the increases in the specific activities of the myelin protein markers appears to be due to an increase in the fraction of cells expressing these markers. Time course studies demonstrated that both the rate and extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation were enhanced in treated cultures. These data are discussed with regard to possible mechanisms of the stimulation, considering not only potential direct effects of the antibody on the cell physiology, but also possible indirect effects due to antibody-induced aggregation.

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alloxan-glucose interaction: effect on incorporation of 14C-leucine into pancreatic islets of rat.

The acute effect of alloxan on the incorporation of 14C-leucine into isolated rat islets of Langerhans was studied. I.v. administration of alloxan (40 mg/kg body weight) in rats inhibited the subsequent in vitro incorporation of 14C-leucine into (pro-)insulin in the isolated islets. Glucose (750 mg/kg body weight), when administered 5 min prior to alloxan, completely protected the islets against alloxan toxicity. The protective effect of glucose was partly reversed when the concentration of alloxan was raised to 80 mg/kg body weight. Similar results of inhibition of (pro-)insulin biosynthesis by alloxan and its protection by glucose were obtained when isolated rat islets were exposed to alloxan and/or glucose in vitro. Islets exposed to glucose in vitro immediately after alloxan exposure showed a slower rate of inhibition of (pro-)insulin biosynthesis, as compared to islets washed before exposure to D-glucose. In view of these findings, it is suggested that there is a common recognition site on B-cell for alloxan and glucose.

Alloxan↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of PHA-B fraction of Agaricus bisporus lectin on insulin release and 45Ca2+ uptake by islets of Langerhans in vitro.

The effect of a purified PHA-B fraction of Agaricus bisporus lectin on insulin release and 45Ca2+ uptake by islets of Langerhans was studied. It was found that at 2 mM glucose +17.5 micrograms/ml A. bisporus PHA-B (which produces half-maximal stimulation) there was a 3.3 fold increase in insulin secretion as compared to controls (2 mM glucose). Stimulation of insulin release was found to be dose-related as well as time-dependent. Maximal stimulation of insulin release was obtained at a lectin concentration of about 60 micrograms/ml and proceeded as a linear function of time for about 1 h. It was found that in the presence of 2 mM glucose +17.5 micrograms/ml lectin islet 45Ca2+ uptake was enhanced more than 11-fold as compared to controls. 45Ca2+ uptake was found to be lectin dose- and time-dependent and maximal uptake was achieved at a lectin concentration of about 60 micrograms/ml after which the rate slowed down until it reached a stationary phase at about 75 micrograms/ml.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microfilariae in cytologic smears: a report of six cases.

BACKGROUND: Filariasis is a major public health problem in tropical countries, including India. Despite this high incidence, it is unusual to find microfilariae in fine needle aspiration cytology. (FNAC) smears and body fluids. Six cases of filariasis diagnosed by FNAC are reported. CASES: In case 1, a thyroid aspirate from a 23-year-old female showed a microfilaria with colloid and thyroid follicular cells. In case 2, pericardial fluid from a 50-year-old male with breathlessness and chest pain showed clusters of malignant cells and many microfilariae. In case 3, a bronchial aspirate from a 55-year-old male with fever and chest pain showed aggregates of acute inflammatory cells and a microfilaria. Cases 4 and 5 were lymph node aspirates from a 29-year-old male and 3-year-old female. Both smears showed microfilariae in a background of reactive lymphoid cells. In case 6, FNAC from a 21-year-old female with a cystic swelling in the breast showed clusters of microfilariae, lymphocytes and granular debris. CONCLUSION: In three of the six cases microfilariae were the cause of symptoms, whereas in the other three cases, microfilariae were associated with other diseases, including malignancy. Thus, careful screening of FNAC smears might be helpful in detecting microfilariae, even in asymptomatic patients.

Adult↗