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Biomedical subjects

R Baker

Publications and source records attributed to R Baker.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Comparative results of urological evaluation of children with initial and recurrent urinary tract infection.

Complete urologic evaluation was done on male and female children having initial or recurrent urinary tract infection. Of 200 girls having recurrent urinary tract infection 43 per cent showed ureterovesical reflux on the cystogram. Of 39 boys with recurrent urinary tract infection 41 per cent had reflux. Thus, the incidence of reflux is comparable in male versus female patients. Of 47 girls studied after only 1 episode of urinary tract infection 36 per cent had reflux and of 20 boys studied after initial infection 45 per cent had reflux. The data indicate that initial or recurrent urinary tract infection in boys or girls is of equal significance. All other factors being equal, failure to evaluate a patient urologically after 1 or more episodes of urinary tract infection solely because of the sex of the child could mean that a potentially severe urinary tract abnormality can be undetected and untreated.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Simulated acute appendicitis secondary to ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

A case of simulated acute appendicitis caused by a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is described. This case presented as a perplexing clinical problem. When the diagnosis was established by laparotomy, it was apparent that another complication should be added to the list of abdominal complications which occurred secondary to insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Soil fungistasis: elevation of the exogenous carbon and nitrogen requirements for spore germination by fungistatic volatiles in soils.

Axenic, washed conidia of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, Aspergillus flavus, and Verticillium albo-atrum were placed on washed Difco purified agar discs along with an inorganic salt solution containing various levels of carbon and nitrogen substrates. These discs were exposed to volatiles from six soils (pH 5.1-8.6). Fusarium solani macroconidial germination was inhibited mostly by volatiles from soils of pH 5.1, 6.1, 7.0, and 7.5, but high levels of glucose and NH4Cl reversed this inhibition, raising germination to that of no-soil, no-carbon or nitrogen controls. Conidial germination of A. flavus was inhibited mainly by volatiles from high pH (7.0, 7.8, and 8.6) soils, and increased levels of glucose plus an amino acid mixture nullified this inhibition. Volatiles from soils of pH 5.1, 6.1, and 7.5 stimulated A. flavus conidial germination. Assays after the removal of CO2 from the air above soil of pH 5.1 demonstrated that volatiles inhibitory to A. flavus were produced by this soil. Assays indicated that a KOH-soluble compound was a fungistatic soil volatile to F. solani macroconidial germination. The nullification by carbon and nitrogen substrates of F. solani and A. flavus inhibition caused by soil volatiles parallels that for soil fungistasis. Conidial germination of V. albo-atrum was markedly stimulated by volatiles in all soils tested, and was not affected by removal of CO2. Inhibitory soil volatiles may increase the nutritional requirements for spore germination of certain fungi.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Selective sacral rootlet rhizotomy for hypertonic neurogenic bladder.

The authors describe a highly selective transsacral microsurgical procedure for sacral nerve rootlet interruption in five patients with hypertonic neurogenic bladder. Magnification and systematic stimulation of sacral roots provided accurate identification of motor fibers supplying bladder detrusor muscle and differentiation of efferent components to the legs and anal sphincter. Although the technique prevented incontinence and adverse effects of nerve section on rectal and lower extremity function improvement in voiding patterns and diminution of urinary sepsis was of brief duration in three of the five patients. Physiological data from these procedures reaffirms the importance of S-3 and S-4 motor roots in detrusor innervation, but clinical responses bring into question the possibility of sustained improvement from such a highly selective procedure at the sacral level. The authors suggest that alternative pathways, not apparent on initial stimulation, may develop after section of sacral root components, and that dissection and stimulation of fibers at the level of the conus medullaris should be investigated as an alternative procedure.

Adult↗