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Biomedical subjects

R B Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to R B Weiss.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A randomized trial of postoperative five-versus three-drug chemotherapy after mastectomy: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) study.

The Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALB) has conducted a randomized study of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer who have involved axillary nodes at the time of mastectomy. Five-drug treatment (CMFVP) was compared with three-drug treatment (CMF). For patients with more than three involved nodes, the CMFVP regimen produced a significantly prolonged disease-free survival in comparison to the CMF regimen.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Multimodal treatment of primary breast carcinoma: analysis of accomplishments and problem areas.

The management of primary breast carcinoma has undergone a successful change during the decade of the 1970s. Chemotherapy administered after mastectomy in patients with involved axillary nodes has not only prolonged disease-free survival in certain patient groups but has lengthened their over-all survival in comparison to patients treated with mastectomy alone. The concepts for use of chemotherapy after surgery, established in murine tumor models, have been extended to human subjects with breast cancer and proved of value. It remains to be determined which drug regimens have the best therapeutic index and which are most useful in specific subgroups of patients. Other breast carcinoma patients besides those with involved axillary nodes may also benefit from this surgery-plus-chemotherapy mode of treatment. We review the past, present and future clinical trials of chemotherapy after mastectomy and discuss the various aspects which bear on their successes and failures.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Hypersensitivity reactions to cancer chemotherapeutic agents.

Hypersensitivity reactions from cytotoxic agents have not been accorded much attention. Certain drugs (L-asparaginase, cisplatin, intravenous melphalan, topical mechlorethamine, zinostatin, and teniposide) produce reactions often enough to be a clinical problem. Others (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, methotrexate, and procarbazine) do so only occasionally. Bleomycin uniquely produces an occasional hyperpyrexic reaction with clinical findings similar to anaphylaxis. Some cytotoxic agents have never been known to produce hypersensitivity reactions. This paper reviews the frequency and clinical information about such reactions, factors augmenting or decreasing the frequency, and, where possible, the etiologic mechanisms.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1980

A new effective four-drug combination of CCNU (1-[2-chloroethyl]-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) (NSC-79038), vinblastine, prednisone, and procarbazine for the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease.

Five hundred and sixty-six patients with either Stage III or IV Hodgkin's disease were prospectively randomized to test whether CCNU and/or vinblastine are more effective than mechlorethamine and/or vincristine with procarbazine and prednisone. The combination of CCNU, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone (CVPP) was shown to be a highly effective program with a complete response frequency of 69%. The use of CCNU as part of the induction program was also shown to be the most significant determinant of prolonged remissions (P = .025). Reduced vomiting and neurotoxicity, as well as the oral administration, were the chief advantages of the CVPP as compared with MOPP. These factors resulted in improved patient and physician compliance. The MVPP regimen was also shown to be a highly effective regimen with a complete response frequency of 73% in patients without prior exposure to chemotherapy. However, the induction regimens containing vinblastine were associated with a significantly higher frequency of fatal hematopoietic toxicities than the induction regimens containing vincristine (P = .05). This higher frequency was almost exclusively seen in the elderly or in patients previously treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. At this time, the remission durations maintained by vinblastine with periodic reinforcement are longer when compared with vinblastine maintenance alone (P = .06), but there is no corresponding increase in survival.

Adult↗