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Biomedical subjects

R B Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to R B Taylor.

158 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
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Determination of free calcium.

A computer program designed to be user friendly is described in this report. Two types of calculations are provided: a) determination of free calcium concentration based on known total salt concentration and b) those which calculate total salt concentration required to insure a desired free calcium concentration in the buffered system. The user can choose up to 10 different ligands, nine different cations (known total concentration) and 10 concentrations (either free or total) of the variable cation (e.g. calcium) per calculation. Thus, this program does not restrict its user to one or two parameters (e.g., buffer and/or ions). Data generated using this method are in excellent agreement with those derived using programs in current use.

Algorithms↗
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Multidrug assay method for antimalarials.

A general separation strategy, involving solid-phase extraction followed by reversed-phase ion-pairing HPLC with an organic counter ion for a set of 11 widely used antimalarial drugs and metabolites has been developed. The basis underlying the separation has been explored and work, including quantitative data, has been carried out on illustrative separations which form the basis of novel quantitative assays of groups of antimalarials which are relevant to current prophylaxis and treatment of malaria.

Antimalarials↗
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Analysis of basic antimalarial drugs by CZE and MEKC. Part 1--Critical factors affecting separation.

The separations of 11 antimalarial drugs and metabolites are shown by CZE at low pH and by MEKC at high pH. CZE is shown to be superior to MEKC in resolution capability for these compounds under the conditions examined. Both are shown to provide different selectivities to those obtained by ion-pair reversed-phase HPLC. The effect of sample injection solvent is examined in CZE and it is shown that field-amplified sample injection is effective for these compounds. In addition, it is shown that injection of sample in an organic solvent such as methanol augments the stacking of analytes resulting in lower detection limits. The limit of detection of some antimalarials in a urine matrix is reported.

Antimalarials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography in the analysis of some quaternary ammonium salts used in lozenges as antibacterial agents.

A comparison is made of the relative merits of high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, both using direct UV detection, for the determination of three quaternary ammonium compounds used as the active antibacterial ingredient in lozenge formulations. While both techniques are capable of separating the compounds cetylpyridinium chloride, dequalinium chloride, and benzalkonium chlorides, the liquid chromatographic method involving ion pairing and using a 5-micron cyanopropyl stationary phase, was unable to resolve the benzalkonium chlorides from the lozenge excipients and quantitation was not possible. The capillary electrophoresis method using a 205-mm 50-micron-i.d. capillary with a running buffer of 50% vol/vol 50 mM phosphate buffer at pH 3 provided superior resolution of the three antibacterials in all lozenge formulations. This system was also capable of resolving impurities in the dequalinium chloride both in the standard and in lozenges containing this compound. On the basis of quantitative results previously published, both methods have adequate validation parameters since the relative insensitivity of capillary electrophoresis compared with liquid chromatography is not important at the concentration required to be determined following a single simple sample pretreatment.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
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Comparisons of the separations of some neutral analytes by LC, MEKC, and CEC.

The relative utility of high-performance liquid chromatography, micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is examined for the separation of essentially uncharged solute mixtures. Three model systems are used for which separations by reversed-phase liquid chromatography had been established. These consisted of a set of three substituted hydroxybenzoates; a mixture of six structurally closely related steroids; and the multicomponent aminoglycoside antibiotic, teicoplanin. These sets represented a range of difficulty in achieving separations by reversed-phase LC. It was found that equivalent or better separations for all systems could be established by MEKC and CEC. Both electrophoretic techniques offer much higher peak efficiencies than LC, and MEKC is found to be superior to CEC in terms of peak efficiencies and ruggedness of operation.

Chromatography↗
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Success strategies for departments of family medicine.

Strong departments of family medicine in academic medical centers help assure the future scope and quality of family practice patient care, the ongoing evolution of family medicine as a scholarly discipline, and a continued flow of qualified medical school graduates into family practice residency programs and eventually into practice. This report presents key strategies of six successful departments of family medicine and describes the methods and skills considered important by the leaders of these departments. Common themes that emerge are (1) recruit and mentor the best faculty, (2) build a reputation for clinical excellence of faculty and residents, (3) become part of schoolwide curriculum activities, (4) establish a scholarly presence, and (5) develop networks of support.

Academic Medical Centers↗
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Medical writing and publication.

Medical writing and publication are important in developing the scholarly base of family medicine, as well as being integral to an academic career. The author must choose the best format for the topic-research report, review article, book chapter, or other. The five steps in writing for publication are: 1) conceptualization of the topic and how best to present data; 2) organization of material; 3) composition; 4) revision of drafts; and 5) manuscript preparation and submission. The author must overcome the impediments to scholarly activity, such as lack of time, and resolve to ascribe a high priority to medical writing and publication.

Humans↗