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Biomedical subjects

R B Stricker

Publications and source records attributed to R B Stricker.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

AIDS research policy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Improved results of delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing in HIV-infected patients treated with topical dinitrochlorobenzene.

BACKGROUND: Infection with HIV results in progressive deterioration of cell-mediated immunity, with consequent impairment of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reactivity. Topical dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) is thought to increase cellular immune function in HIV infection. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate changes in DTH skin reactivity of HIV-infected patients who were given DNCB therapy. METHODS: DTH skin testing and lymphocyte subset analysis were performed in five HIV-infected patients before the start of DNCB treatment and after 3 months of therapy. Topical DNCB application was carried out by the patients according to a standardized protocol. RESULTS: DNCB therapy enhanced DTH skin test responses in four of five patients. Three patients who were anergic before the start of treatment reacted to skin test antigens while using DNCB. The skin test results did not correlate with lymphocyte subset changes. CONCLUSION: DNCB treatment improves DTH skin test responses in HIV-infected patients, indicating a positive effect on cellular immune function.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1994

Polio vaccines and the origin of AIDS.

Although mass vaccination programs have resulted in the eradication of a number of human infectious diseases, vaccine contamination has been a persistent concern. In particular, it is now known that the early polio vaccines were contaminated with at least one monkey virus, SV40. The transfer of monkey viruses to man via contaminated vaccines is particularly relevant to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), since the causative agent of AIDS, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is thought to be derived from a simian precursor virus. Furthermore, human infection with this virus appears to be a relatively recent event. We hypothesize that the AIDS pandemic may have originated with a contaminated polio vaccine that was administered to inhabitants of Equatorial Africa from 1957 to 1959. The mechanism of evolution of HIV from this vaccine remains to be determined.

Accidents↗
PubMed1994

Clinical and immunologic evaluation of HIV-infected patients treated with dinitrochlorobenzene.

BACKGROUND: Promotion of cell-mediated immunity appears to be an important goal in the control of HIV infection. Topical dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) stimulates systemic cell-mediated immunity via the induction of cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate the clinical and immunologic effects of chronic DNCB application in a group of 24 HIV-infected patients. METHODS: We observed the patients for a mean of 28 months (range, 14 to 44 months). Of the 24 patients, 13 continued weekly DNCB application throughout the study (the compliant group), and 11 discontinued DNCB use after a mean of 10.9 months (the noncompliant group). RESULTS: Two of the 13 compliant patients progressed to AIDS; none of these patients died. In contrast, AIDS developed in 5 of the 11 noncompliant patients and four of these patients died. Analysis of lymphocyte subsets revealed significant increases in natural killer cells and activated/cytotoxic CD8 T-cell subsets in the compliant group. In contrast, these cellular immune-related lymphocyte subsets decreased in the noncompliant subjects. Although CD4 T-cell levels decreased in both groups, there was a significantly greater drop in the noncompliant patients. CD8+CD38+ T cells increased significantly in both groups. CONCLUSION: Chronic DNCB application appears to have a beneficial clinical and immunomodulatory effect in HIV-infected patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Case report: treatment of an intracranial arteriovenous malformation in a patient with complicated hemophilia.

The authors describe a young man with hemophilia complicated by chronic hepatic dysfunction, hypodysfibrinogenemia, and immune thrombocytopenia that resulted in a complex coagulopathy. The patient had a ruptured occipital arteriovenous malformation. The malformation was managed by temporary correction of the coagulopathy using cryoprecipitate, platelet transfusions, and plasmapheresis with fresh frozen plasma replacement. The patient underwent staged preoperative embolization followed by surgical excision of the lesion. Hemostasis was acceptable during the neurointerventional and subsequent surgical management, and no complications of coagulopathy occurred. Plasmapheresis may provide effective preparation for patients with hemophilia and complex coagulation abnormalities who require neurosurgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Acquired factor VIII inhibitor associated with chronic interferon-alpha therapy.

Therapeutic use of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has been associated with the development of a variety of autoimmune disorders. We describe a patient who received chronic treatment with IFN-alpha following autologous bone marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma. The patient developed an antibody inhibitor directed against factor VIII coagulant protein (FVIIIC) leading to a fatal hemorrhagic diathesis. The association between IFN-alpha therapy and autoimmune complications deserves wider recognition and further study.

Autoantibodies↗