Biomedical subjects

R B Lydiard

Publications and source records attributed to R B Lydiard.

165 records · Page 10Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Social phobia secondary to physical disability. A review of benign essential tremor (BET) and stuttering.

Persons with physical disabilities cannot be diagnosed as having social phobia under current DSM-III-R criteria. The DSM-III-R social phobia diagnosis excludes persons where a physical disorder causes the distress and phobic avoidance. However, the authors have noted in clinical practice that social phobia and physical disabilities sometimes coexist. A review of the published literature reveals that stutterers and BET patients frequently have social phobia-like symptoms. No prevalence data on comorbid DSM-III-R-defined social phobia were found in these groups (i.e., social phobia occurring in areas where the disability does not cause the distress and avoidance). Further research is warranted to determine the prevalence of social phobic behaviors occurring in conjunction with certain physical disabilities.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Insight and treatment outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

To determine whether (1) insight in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) improves when OCD symptoms improve, and whether (2) degree of insight in OCD predicts response to sertraline, data were obtained from five sites participating in a larger multisite study of relapse in OCD. During the first 16 weeks of the study, 71 patients received open-label treatment with sertraline and were assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Rating Scale (Y-BOCS) and a rating scale to evaluate insight, the Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale (BABS), at study baseline and termination. Baseline total BABS score was not significantly correlated with change in Y-BOCS score. Change in BABS total score and change in Y-BOCS total score were significantly correlated. There was no significant difference in mean endpoint Y-BOCS scores for patients with poor insight (n = 14) compared to patients with good insight at baseline (n = 57). Thus, insight improved with decrease in OCD symptom severity. Degree of insight at baseline did not predict response to sertraline, i.e., patients with poor insight were just as likely to respond to sertraline as patients with good insight.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of stress intrusion on immunodepression in generalized anxiety disorder patients and controls.

Previous work from our group has examined the relationship between stress and immunodepression in medical students taking National Boards, Part I, and has described a relationship between stress intrusion scores (SIS) and immunodepression. We have also shown that a high proportion of individuals with generalized anxiety disorders (GAD) and panic disorders (PD) exhibit enhanced stress intrusion (SI) and are more prone to upper respiratory infections (URI). In the present preliminary study, we sought to establish a model to evaluate further the role of SI level on the extent of immunodepression. This would serve to assess in further studies the mechanism(s) of stress-induced immunodepression, its relationship to morbidity, and the role of therapeutic interventions. In 14 GAD patients and 14 controls, we correlated the expression of interleukin-2 receptors (CD25) on T lymphocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 in short term cultures and the frequency of URI and the SIS to assess the relationships among these parameters. A decreased expression of CD25 correlates linearly with increasing SIS and with a higher number of sick days with URI. These results support our previous observations that GAD patients are more susceptible to URI. Moreover, they suggest that there may be a direct relationship between immunodepression and morbidity and between SIS and immunodepression.

Anxiety Disorders↗