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Biomedical subjects

R B Goudie

Publications and source records attributed to R B Goudie.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A family study of vitiligo patterns.

The anatomical distribution of vitiligo has been studied in families with evidence of organ-specific autoimmune disease. No examples of similar pattern inheritance were found in first degree relatives in contrast to published reports of similar vitiligo patterns in identical twins. The genetic predisposition to develop vitiligo apparently allows for a diversity of anatomical pattern. A similar mechanism may be responsible for the occurrence of different organ-specific autoimmune diseases in members of the same family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Skin maps in vitiligo.

Patterns of depigmentation in vitiligo are illustrated which appear to form maps of obscure local anatomical subdivisions of the human skin. These are distinctive but as yet poorly defined and do not generally correspond to known anatomical structures or boundaries.

Facial Dermatoses↗
PubMed1980

Unstable mutations in vitiligo, organ-specific autoimmune diseases, and multiple endocrine adenoma/peptic-ulcer syndrome.

A study of patients with vitiligo shows that the pattern of depigmentation is genetically determined. The mutant gene, however, is unstable in that it often does not breed true even in identical twins or on the two sides of the body in an individual. The patchiness of vitiligo is probably due to activation of the mutant gene in discrete clones of cells which govern melanocyte behaviour at the sites of pigment loss. The frequent occurrence of different organ-specific autoimmune diseases in various members of a single family could also be attributable to unstable mutations in a set of genes which control endocrine and gastric epithelial cells; activation of the mutant gene in particular cell clones may account for the focal tissue damage often associated with, but not readily explained by, organ specific autoimmunity. Unstable mutation causing cell proliferation seems to affect the same set of genes in families with the multiple endocrine adenoma-peptic ulcer syndrome, the occurrence of focal (adenoma) or diffuse dyperplasia depending on the size of the cell clones in which the mutant genes have been activated. The tendency of these genes to display unstable mutations which subsequently undergo further mutation is reminiscent of the behavior of certain linked genes in special chromatosomal regions in plants, insects, and mice and may provide clues to the association of histocompatibility antigens with certain diseases in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Do vascular clones determine developmental patterns?

It is postulated that endothelial (and possibly other) cells are arranged in monoclonal zones, each of which occupies an accurately predetermined site in the cardiovascular system. The clones impose detailed developmental patterns on the vascular tree itself and provide positional information relevant to the morphogenesis of surrounding tissues--for example, clones in the dermis regulate the behaviour of epidermal melanocytes.

Cardiovascular System↗
PubMed1979

Vitiligo patterns simulating autoimmune and rheumatic diseases.

Several variants of generalised vitiligo can be recognised by their cutaneous distribution. In some, certain anatomical regions--e.g., hands--are predominantly affected while the cutaneous depigmentation in other variants shows a similar anatomical distribution to that of the internal structures affected in some of the autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. Five patients have been seen, and three described by others, with vitiligo affecting skin of eyelids and lower front of neck, reminiscent of the anatomical distribution of lesions in thyrotoxicosis with exophthalmos: two of these patients have thyrotoxicosis. Another variant of vitiligo mimicks the anatomical distribution of lesions in ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, and ulcerative colitis and there are cases simulating lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. It is suggested that the parts of the body affected in each vitiligo variant and its corresponding internal disease constitute a set os mosiac patches with distinctive shared characters. These may have morphogenetic functions during embryonic development and be potentially autoantigenic later in life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Diagnosis of primary thyroid carcinoma by immunohistological demonstration of thyroglobulin.

Thyroglobulin was found by the immunoperoxidase technique in routine histological sections of biopsies from all of 30 proven cases of well differentiated papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma examined, in one of 20 anaplastic thyroid tumours and in none of 49 other tumours examined. Immunohistological demonstration of thyroglobulin in thyroidal or extrathyroidal tumours is of diagnostic value in confirming that the thyroid is the tissue of origin. Well differentiated tumours lacking thyroglobulin probably do not arise from thyroid epithelium.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Incidence in South-west Scotland of hepatitis B surface antigen in the liver of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

A retrospective examination in South-west Scotland of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver tissue by an immunoperoxidase technique revealed hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in eight out of 81 cases (10%) of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and in four out of 82 cases (5%) of cirrhosis. No positive staining was found in 112 controls without overt liver disease matched for age and sex. Unlike most previous studies showing an association between HBsAg and PHC, the present investigation was carried out in an area where HBs antigenaemia is infrequent and PHC is an uncommon tumour. While possibly hepatitis infection is an important cause of PHC, the association between HBsAg and PHC could be due merely to activation by the tumour of latent virus B in a previously infected person.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Effects of oestrogen and progestogen on serum levels of alpha(2)-macroglobulin, transferrin, albumin, and IgG.

The levels of four serum proteins, assayed by a radial immunodiffusion technique, have been measured in healthy women who had been given either the oestrogen or progestogen component of a combined oral contraceptive preparation for three weeks. Raised alpha(2)-macroglobulin and transferrin levels were found after oestrogen treatment but albumin and IgG did not significantly alter. In the progestogen-treated group all four proteins remained unchanged. The four proteins have also been assayed at frequent intervals during the normal menstrual cycle. No evidence of cyclical variation was found.

Journal Article↗