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Biomedical subjects

R B Ellis-Pegler

Publications and source records attributed to R B Ellis-Pegler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Imported malaria in Auckland in 1993.

AIM: To determine the number of people with malaria in Auckland in 1993 and determine species, sources, exposure history, use of chemoprophylaxis, outcome and geographic attack rates. METHODS: We prospectively obtained the numbers of people with laboratory diagnosed malaria from all haematology departments in Auckland and then contacted the patients and their doctors to elicit further details. RESULTS: Forty three people, 30 men and 13 women, had malaria. Twenty eight were New Zealanders, 10 migrants, three temporary visitors and two not determined. Thirty two had P vivax infection, 11 P falciparum: none had complications. The highest attack rate was in travellers to the Solomon Islands. Eighty two per cent took prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: Malaria is an uncommon diagnosis in Auckland. Most patients took prophylaxis. The disease is undernotified. No one died of malaria in 1993 in Auckland.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The effects of World Health Organization chemotherapy on imported leprosy in Auckland, New Zealand, 1983-90.

Between January 1983 and December 1990 in Auckland, New Zealand, 87 patients (28 paucibacillary disease (PBD) and 59 multibacillary disease (MBD)) commenced WHO multidrug therapy (MDT). All were immigrants from the Pacific Islands (65) or Asia (22). A total of 57 patients had already received non-WHO regimens, some continuously, but often intermittently, for many years; 30 patients received WHO MDT only. By December 1990, 50 had completed treatment, with 1 relapse and 1 late reaction, both in patients with PBD treated with WHO MDT only. There have been no relapses in those treated with WHO MDT after prior leprosy treatment. In those with MBD, type II leprosy reactions were less common (16%) in those treated only with WHO MDT than in those treated continuously before 1983 with older regimens (64%). Type I leprosy reactions occurred in about 20% of both these groups. The bacterial index fell faster in those who had had a prolonged prior treatment beginning WHO MDT than in those starting WHO MDT as their initial leprosy chemotherapy. Overall we found WHO MDT was well accepted and the compliance good, but 13 patients (15%) left Auckland before treatment was completed and 6 (7%) during follow up.

Asia↗
PubMed1992

Neurological disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

We followed prospectively all patients with HIV infection admitted to the infectious diseases ward at Auckland Hospital over a seven month period. Neurological manifestations of HIV infection were the primary reason for admission in 18 of the 55 patients (33%). Diagnoses were usually presumptive, based on history, clinical findings, radiological appearances and response to empirical therapy. Eight patients had cerebral toxoplasmosis, three primary cerebral lymphoma, two cytomegalovirus retinitis, two HIV neuropathy, one cryptococcal meningitis, one HIV encephalopathy, and one HIV meningitis. Another patient with HIV infection was admitted to the neurology ward at Auckland Hospital with HIV myelopathy during the same seven month period. The median survival of the patients treated for presumptive toxoplasmosis was 7.5 months. Only two patients had not developed AIDS, one having HIV meningitis and the other HIV myelopathy, and in both, symptoms resolved spontaneously with no relapse at one year follow up. The spectrum of neurological manifestations of HIV infection is wide. Investigations to determine the most likely diagnosis are indicated and specific therapy may lead to both excellent palliation and prolonged survival.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed1992

Endocarditis due to Neisseria mucosa: two case reports and review.

Two cases of endocarditis caused by Neisseria mucosa are reported, and the literature on N. mucosa endocarditis is reviewed. N. mucosa is a rare but serious cause of endocarditis that is associated with a high rate of embolic complications and high mortality and is not always highly sensitive to benzylpenicillin. Most patients with N. mucosa endocarditis have been treated with combined therapy with penicillin and an aminoglycoside, although the optimal regimen has not been defined.

Adult↗