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Biomedical subjects

R B Duthie

Publications and source records attributed to R B Duthie.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Biomechanical aspects of femoral fractures in automobile accidents.

A medical and engineering study was made of 1074 car accidents involving 2520 vehicle occupants. The injuries they sustained were correlated with details of the crash and with contact points inside the cars. Where possible the forces which were generated in the crash were estimated and related to the injuries. In all, 39 car occupants suffered femoral shaft fracture, with an incidence of 1.7% and 0.8% for front and rear seat occupants respectively. Of these, 31 had associated injuries to other regions of the body; these were the cause of 13 of the 14 deaths in this group. Associated injuries were more severe in car occupants who were not wearing seat belts but the incidence of femoral fracture was not significantly different. The mean velocity change (delta-V) causing femoral fracture was 26 mph (42 km/h) and there was a higher incidence of femoral shaft fracture when delta-V was over 30 mph. Estimates of forces needed to cause fracture were higher than those found in cadaver studies. The time to union of femoral fractures did not correlate with the severity of the crash but was longer (mean 19 weeks) than the average for other femoral fractures.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

Posterior intertransverse fusion assessed clinically and with biplanar radiography.

Biplanar radiography was used to assess bony union after intertransverse fusion. The patients were assessed clinically and the fusion status was compared with the clinical result. Posterolateral intertransverse fusion was shown to be capable of fusing the motion segment almost completely. However, the strictly measured fusion rate was only 27%, but this increased to 91% when partial fusions were included. The fusion rate from conventional plain films assessed by the radiologist was 82%, which is similar to other reports. On clinical examination, a satisfactory result was obtained in 82%, but there was no clear correlation with fusion status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of fracture repair.

High-resolution phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to monitor noninvasively the local pH changes that occur in vivo throughout fracture repair in rats. During the healing of a fractured shaft of tibia, the pH of the fracture hematoma changed from 7.2 on day two to 7.5 on day 20, i.e., alkaline with respect to the pH of normal extracellular fluid. This did not occur in a hematoma created by the direct injection of blood. Deposition of radio-opaque callus occurred mainly during the alkaline phase. Abnormalities in the control of local pH may be important in the etiology of delayed union, and future forms of local therapy may be usefully directed toward influencing this parameter.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Undergraduate education in the accident unit.

The present system of undergraduate education in trauma has evolved over the past 15 years. As with orthopaedic teaching in Oxford (Dickson, Houghton & Duthie, 1979) an intensive 4-week course is provided for small groups of students. The subject is covered by personal teaching illustrated by practical problems together with a basis of seminars and tutorials.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1981

The pathogenesis of chronic haemophilic arthropathy.

Specimens of tissue from haemophilic synovium and articular cartilage were collected from 39 patients during reconstructive surgery. They were studied by histochemistry, electron microscopy and microprobe analysis. The detailed findings are presented and discussed. It is suggested that haemophilic arthropathy is the result of a number of mechanisms affecting the synovial lining which becomes progressively fibrotic and the hyaline cartilage which disintegrates and is eventually lost. Mechanical and chemical processes cause degeneration of cells but enzymatic processes appear to be primarily responsible for the degradation of the matrix of the articular cartilage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Factor analytic study of the personality of female methadone outpatients.

Several researchers have examined the personality of chemical abusers by employing a multivariate clustering strategy. All of these studies focused on hospitalized inpatient addicts. Only one included females in the study. The purpose of this study is to examine the transposed data factor analytically derived profiles of female methadone maintained outpatients. All clients were given the Mini-Mult short form version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Seventy profiles were randomly selected from 130 female profiles. Program Factor of the Analyses of Behavioral Sciences Data program series was employed in statistically processing this data. Descriptions of the five factors are provided. Most of the profile types seem to fall into the normal or personality disordered categories. Forth-two percent of the profiles were normal, 24% were Personality Disorders, 6% were Neurotic, and 28% were unclassified using five factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Orthopaedic undergraduate education.

Musculoskeletal disease in the community is common, and much of it responds to early diagnosis and preventive care. At the same time, modern orthopaedics, like so many specialist subjects, has increased significantly in depth and detail pari passu with its advances. It therefore becomes all the more important in desiging undergraduate teaching programmes in these specialist subjects to provide a comprehensive basic training programme that is flexible enough to move with the specialty. The orthopaedic undergraduate education programme in Oxford meets these requirements, embraces all aspects of the subject, and enables the medical student to examine the musculoskeletal system with confidence to interpret his findings, without making him an embryo specialist.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1979

Pearson and the patient.

This lecture covers some subjects of direct concern to the medical profession contained within the Pearson Report. Each injury group was examined by the Royal Commission, both here and abroad, particular attention being paid to the relationship between tort and social security. By consensus it was proposed that in the majority of fields no-fault compensations should be extended but that the tort system should continue to have a role. Recommendations were also put forward that no damages should be permitted for non-pecuniary loss during the first 3 months and that the full value of the social security benefits should be deductible from all tort damages. Damages for permanent injury or death should be index-linked periodic payments. A new no-fault compensation scheme for road accidents was described as well as a new disabled children's allowance of 4 pounds per week with a mobility allowance at the lower age of 2 years. Medical injury was examined carefully, but it was decided that negligence liability should continue unchanged, with the proviso that the no-fault compensation schemes in New Zealand and in Sweden should be followed. These two schemes have therefore been described in some detail.

Child↗