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Biomedical subjects

R Andersson

Publications and source records attributed to R Andersson.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Percutaneous puncture and drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts. A retrospective study.

Experience with 19 consecutive patients who had 20 pancreatic pseudocysts treated by percutaneous puncture and/or drainage was reviewed. Ten pseudocysts (5 infected, 5 non-infected), underwent complete resolution after percutaneous treatment only and there was a considerable regression in 6 (5 infected, 1 non-infected), which means an overall cure rate of 80 per cent. Only one small pseudocyst remained unchanged. Complementary surgery was necessary in 3 cases. Fine needle evacuation was the method in 13 cases (11 cured) and catheter drainage in 7 (5 cured). We conclude that percutaneous drainage is a safe method for the treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts, that will cure the patient in most cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Differential IgG-binding characteristics of staphylococcal protein A, streptococcal protein G, and a chimeric protein AG.

Various Gram-positive bacteria express different types of IgG-binding receptors, each of which displaying certain unique binding properties. To evaluate specificity and avidity aspects of the differential binding pattern, a set of competitive binding assays was employed, by using staphylococcal protein A (SPA), streptococcal protein G (SPG), and a chimeric protein AG. These receptors were analyzed, in a reciprocal fashion, for binding and inhibition of binding to a selected panel of polyclonal and monoclonal Ig. Results of the study reveal that a majority of the determinants on human and bovine IgG, recognized by SPA and SPG, are either coextensive or closely overlapping. Accordingly, a minor portion of the determinants appear to be unique in the sense that a particular determinant(s) is selectively identified by one of the two receptors. Binding assays involving purified Fc fragments from human IgG, suggest that SPG shows exclusive specificity for an Fab region determinant(s) not recognized by SPA, whereas the Fc determinants for SPA and SPG are identical or overlapping. Furthermore, one of the IgG subclasses of bovine origin appears to be seen by the SPG receptor only. The competition study also demonstrates that the novel chimeric protein AG receptor shows higher or equal avidity for variants of human IgG molecules compared to the best of its parental constituents. It can thus be deduced that chimeric receptors might be useful as optimized tools for immunologic applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Alcohol sclerotherapy of non-parasitic cysts of the liver.

Between 1980 and 1987, nine patients with non-parasitic cysts of the liver were treated with computed tomography-guided percutaneous puncture and evacuation of the cyst contents followed by injection of absolute alcohol as a sclerosing agent. During the same period only one patient was treated with surgery. The patients included seven women and two men with a mean age of 62 years. Three patients had a single cyst and six patients had multiple cysts. The size of the largest cysts varied between 5 and 20 cm (mean 10 cm). Patients with multiple liver cysts had repeated punctures and sclerosing procedures (up to eight times); 50-3100 ml of cyst fluid (mean 650 ml) was drained per procedure. One patient had symptoms of moderate alcohol intoxication; otherwise no complications were noted. Follow-up was performed with computed tomography or ultrasonography for 8-54 months (median 18 months). The results have been considered successful in eight out of nine patients who had cyst regression and reduced symptoms. Two patients, however, required additional surgical treatment due to residual and multiple cysts. Computed tomography-guided alcohol sclerotherapy of non-parasitic liver cysts appears to be a safe and effective initial therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Management of pancreatic pseudocysts.

Between 1969 and 1987, 68 patients with pancreatic pseudocysts were treated. The median cyst size was 10 cm (range 2-25 cm). Nine patients were managed conservatively with resolution of the pseudocyst occurring in eight patients. These patients had significantly smaller (median 4 cm) cysts compared with those in both percutaneously and surgically treated patients (P less than 0.01). In 22 patients the pseudocysts (median 9 cm) were punctured percutaneously under ultrasound guidance and the cyst fluid was aspirated or drained through a catheter. Complete resolution occurred in 13 patients after 1-4 (mean 1.8) punctures per patient, regression occurred in six patients after 1-4 (mean 2.0) puncture procedures per patient and three were unchanged. No complications were noted, except that two patients treated percutaneously required additional surgery. Thirty-seven patients were managed surgically (median cyst size 11 cm) with external drainage (12 patients), cystgastrostomy (17 patients), cystduodenostomy (three patients) cystjejunostomy (three patients) and pancreatic resection (two patients). Resolution of the cyst was noted in 29 patients, regression in five and three were unchanged. Five patients required additional surgery. Twelve complications were seen in ten patients (27 per cent), most frequently after external drainage. One patient died after surgical treatment. Mean hospital stay was 13 days among patients treated conservatively and 30 days in both percutaneously and surgically treated patients. Aspiration or catheter drainage of pseudocyst fluid guided by ultrasonography seems a safe and effective treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts and should be considered as initial therapy. If surgery is required cystgastrostomy is preferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Contact lens wear is associated with the appearance of plasmin in the tear fluid--preliminary results.

We determined biochemically the plasmin concentration in tear fluid from 50 externally healthy eyes and from 49 eyes during contact lens (CL) wear. After cessation of CL wear, samples were collected again from 41 of the 49 eyes. Plasmin was detected more frequently (P less than 0.0001) in the CL-wearing group (75.5%) than in the control group (20%). After the cessation of CL wear (3-21 days), the frequency of plasmin detection in tear fluid decreased significantly (P less than 0.0006) but was still higher (39%) than in the control group. We conclude that the occurrence of plasmin in tear fluid is correlated with CL wear. The proteolytic activity of plasmin may contribute to the development of corneal epithelial pathology associated with CL wear.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers in a random sample of women from Göteborg, Sweden.

The prevalence of the hepatitis B markers HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs was studied in 540 women from a randomised sample of women representative of the total population of women in Göteborg, Sweden at the ages of 26, 38 and 50 years. The prevalence of hepatitis B markers was 5.9%. No significant differences were found between the women with hepatitis B markers and the total population concerning education, place of residence during childhood, history of admission to hospital, surgery or blood transfusion, abuse of drugs or alcohol, life-time number of sexual partners or liver function tests. Only 8 of 37 (22%) women with hepatitis B markers had a history of jaundice. We conclude that psychological factors had no strong influence on the prevalence of hepatitis B in Swedish women in general.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Influence of dextran on blood clearance and organ distribution of radiolabelled E. coli and on survival in experimental E. coli septicemia.

Previous reports indicated impaired function of the reticuloendothelial system following administration of dextran. In the present experimental study, intravenous injection of Escherichia coli resulted in four deaths among 15 rats pretreated with i.v. dextran 70, but none in 15 controls (p less than 0.05). To evaluate the influence of dextran on bacterial clearance from blood and distribution in organs, 125I-labelled, heat-killed E. coli was injected 1 or 24 hours following i.v. injection of 1.0 ml sterile saline solution or 1.0 ml dextran 70. After both of these intervals, dextran resulted in significant (p less than 0.05) decrease of blood clearance compared with the controls. The organ distribution in counts/minute (cpm)/g tissue was compared in liver, spleen and lungs. Splenic uptake was reduced at both times following dextran administration, while there was increase in pulmonary uptake at 1 hour and in hepatic uptake at 24 hours post-dextran (p less than 0.005 and p less than 0.02, respectively). Evaluation of cpm/total organ weight showed no change after dextran injection, except for increased (p less than 0.05) pulmonary uptake after 1 hour.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Factors influencing the outcome of E. coli peritonitis in rats.

Substances that may influence the course and outcome of intra-abdominal sepsis were investigated in an experimental model of Escherichia coli peritonitis in rats. All rats received an intraperitoneal injection of E. coli. In the first set of experiments, substances commonly contaminating the abdominal cavity after trauma were intraperitoneally injected, and the following mortality rates were found: saline solution (controls) 27%, hemoglobin solution 80% (p less than 0.01), whole blood 20% (p greater than 0.05), whole blood together with bile 93% (p less than 0.001) and bile 87% (p less than 0.01). In the second set of experiments, intravenous injection of commonly used solutions gave mortality rates of 20% (controls) for saline solution, 80% for dextran (p less than 0.01) and 47% for Intralipid (p greater than 0.05). E. coli peritonitis in rats thus was aggravated by intraperitoneal hemoglobin, bile or whole blood plus bile, and also by intravenous dextran.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Influence of splenectomy, partial splenectomy and splenic artery ligation on E. coli sepsis in rats.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to four groups--sham operation, partial splenectomy, splenic artery ligation or total splenectomy, and 4 weeks after the operation 3 x 10(8) colony-forming units of Escherichia coli were injected intraperitoneally. Among the splenectomized rats the mortality was significantly (p less than 0.02) increased compared with the controls, while both partial splenectomy and splenic artery ligation did not influence survival. Blood clearance and organ (liver, spleen and lungs) uptake of intravenously injected, radiolabelled, heat-killed E. coli were determined 1 hour after the intraperitoneal challenge. Splenectomy caused a significant decrease in blood clearance. Splenic uptake of radiolabelled E. coli was significantly reduced following partial splenectomy and splenic artery ligation. The splenic operations increased hepatic uptake expressed per gram tissue. Splenectomy thus resulted in reduced blood clearance and increased mortality in Gram-negative sepsis, while the reduced splenic uptake following partial splenectomy or splenic artery ligation did not influence blood clearance of E. coli or mortality.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Role of T helper/inducer cells as well as natural killer cells in resistance to Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

T lymphocytes provide a major line of defence against many protozoan parasites. The aim of this work was to determine the role of T-cell helper/inducer subset (T h/i) in the resistance to Trypanosoma cruzi in a murine model. The importance of natural killer (NK) cells in the resistance to the parasite was also evaluated. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were injected with either monoclonal antibodies against L3T4, Thy 1.2, NK1.1, or with a polyclonal rabbit antiserum against NK cells (anti-asialo GM-1). The effect of in vivo administration of these antibodies was tested in separate functional assays. After antibody treatment, mice were infected with a low dose of T. cruzi in the bloodstream form. Mice depleted of, or reduced in T, T h/i, or NK cell activity all developed higher parasitaemia and had higher mortality than their control counterparts. Mice injected with anti-L3T4 monoclonal antibodies were unable to generate a specific antibody response to the parasite. Treatment of mice with alpha/beta interferon, which is known to boost NK cell activity, resulted in an enhanced resistance to the parasite. Our data indicate that T h/i cells as well as NK cells are of vital importance in controlling parasitaemia and reducing mortality in T. cruzi-infected mice. Finally, we also demonstrate that the production of antibodies specific for T. cruzi is strictly T helper cell-dependent.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hemoperitoneum after spontaneous rupture of liver tumor: results of surgical treatment.

Five cases of massive hemoperitoneum caused by spontaneous rupture of liver tumors, collected during a 27-year period, are reported. Four patients had a primary liver malignancy and one patient a liver cyst with hemangioma. Initial symptoms were obscure and hemoperitoneum was suspected pre-operatively in only one patient. At operation, a mean of 3100 ml of blood was found in the abdomen. Hemostatis was achieved by liver resection in four patients and by suture ligation in one. Two patients died during or shortly after operation. The three patients surviving the operation had primary liver cancer and lived for 6 months to 6.5 years. It is concluded that liver resection, whenever possible, is the treatment of choice and that pre-operative delay and mortality may be diminished by increased awareness of this condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

HLA-DR expression in the vascular lesion and circulating T lymphocytes of patients with giant cell arteritis.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a vascular inflammatory disease characterized by accumulations of T lymphocytes and macrophages in the arterial wall. In order to characterize the immune response in GCA, we have analysed temporal artery biopsies using a double-staining immunofluorescence method and studied T lymphocytes in peripheral blood with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). HLA-DR was expressed on 28% (range 16-42%) of all T lymphocytes in the wall of the inflamed temporal artery, but only on average on 6% of peripheral blood T lymphocytes, indicating a high degree of local T cell activation in the inflammatory lesion. The proportions of T lymphocytes, T helper/inducer and T suppressor/cytotoxic cells in the blood of GCA patients before treatment with prednisolone did not deviate from those in normal individuals, but there was a minor increase in T helper cells after initiation of steroid therapy. The number of T helper cells expressing HLA-DR antigen and IL-2 receptor was not altered after 6-10 days of treatment with prednisolone. We found no evidence of HLA-DR expression by arterial smooth muscle cells in the GCA lesions, suggesting that these cells do not serve as antigen-presenting cells in GCA.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Surgical treatment of cavernous hemangioma of the liver.

Cavernous hemangioma of the liver was surgically treated in six men and two women, mean age 58 (51-63) years during a 37-year period. The size of hemangioma averaged 10 (5-15) cm. It was single in all cases and situated in the right liver lobe in seven. The indications for operation were suspected abdominal tumor or hepatic metastases in five cases, enlargement of previously known hemangioma in two, and spontaneous rupture of cavernous hemangioma with massive intra-abdominal bleeding in one case (emergency laparotomy). The operations comprised two right lobectomies, one left lobectomy, three atypical resections of the right liver lobe and two sublobar resections. The course after the elective operations was uneventful, but the patient with ruptured hemangioma died intraoperatively due to myocardial fibrillation after performance of right lobectomy. Although elective surgical treatment of cavernous hemangioma of the liver is safe, the natural history in most cases probably is benign and indications for surgery should be restrictive.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Non-palpable inguinal hernia in the female.

A total of 142 inguinal hernioplasties in 130 female patients with nonpalpable inguinal hernias were performed over a period of 8 years. The mean age in this series was 32 years. (Range 10-76 years). One hundred thirty six cases were followed 3-51 months postoperatively. One hundred seventeen of these (86%) were considered to have good results. Nonpalpable inguinal hernia in the female is clinically recognizable on the basis of intermittency, character and localization of the pain and typical findings at the clinical examination. About three quarters of these patients report in addition to dull inguinal pain, intermittent neuralgic pain and in almost two thirds of the patients a pin-prick hyperalgesia of the skin corresponding to the ilio-inguinal nerve can be demonstrated. It is also typical that all patients experience a distinct tenderness upon palpation over the deep inguinal ring during Valsalva's maneuvre. It is important to keep this condition in mind, especially since the patients respond well to surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗