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Biomedical subjects

R Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to R Anderson.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ct air-contrast scanning of the internal auditory canal.

Two hundred and four patients with audiometric and vestibular findings suggestive of a retrocochlear lesion were studied prospectively by computed tomographic scan with air contrast of the internal auditory canal. With this technique tumor limits are clearly defined. In the absence of disease the internal auditory canal has been completely air-filled in over 97% of cases. Soft tissue masses occluding the internal auditory canal were demonstrated in 11 patients. Four studies were inconclusive and there was one false positive. Headaches have been the only side effect and there have been no complications. In reporting their results the authors examined the indications, accuracy and limitations of this technique. This study demonstrates that computed tomographic scan with air contrast of the internal auditory canal should be considered as the radiologic procedure of choice for the evaluation of small acoustic tumors.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
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Borrelia lonestari DNA in adult Amblyomma americanum ticks, Alabama.

Polymerase chain reaction analysis of 204 Amblyomma americanum and 28 A. maculatum ticks collected in August 1999 near the homes of patients with southern tick-associated rash illness and in control areas in Choctaw County, Alabama, showed Borrelia lonestari flagellin gene sequence from two adult A. americanum. The presence of B. lonestari in A. americanum ticks from Alabama suggests that this suspected pathogen may be widespread in the southeastern United States.

Alabama↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collaborative research--the Arizona experience.

A far-sighted collaborative proposal for research development was created by one author (Dr. Sands) for the College of Nursing, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona and 24 participating nursing service divisions located in surrounding central Arizona hospitals and health care agencies. With subsequent funding from the Division of Nursing an innovative, hands-on continuing education sequence of research minicourses was presented in repeated 20-week cycles at seven locations. The method was successful in establishing an ongoing, research-productive network of nurse faculty and nurse clinicians who continue to work together and use one another's special areas of research expertise.

Arizona↗
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Hospitals differ on expectations of reform. Interview by Debra Mamorsky.

Health care reform will be played out in different ways at different institutions, predict two physicians who should know. One runs a large university hospital, the other heads up a small community institution, and their views are notable for their differences as well as for their agreements.

Connecticut↗
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Retrenchment: layoff procedures in a nonprofit organization.

One of the most unsettling experiences that human resources and other managers must face is a large-scale employee layoff. Authors Robert Fuller, national director of personnel, Cassandra Jordan, assistant director of personnel, and Robert Anderson, employment and training manager--all at the Legal Services Corporation--show how careful management planning, extensive staff involvement, and well-planned counseling and outplacement services helped employees of Legal Services Corporation wheather such a layoff. As the first step, the planning committee (personnel director, equal employment opportunity director, and general counsel) recommended that the corporation conduct staff education about layoffs for all employees, that a representative employee task force be established to develop specific details of the layoff plan, and that the corporation hire an experienced person to help staff members implement the plan. Members of the task force, who were elected by staff members (except for one additional member who was selected to ensure proper representation of minority groups and women), made specific recommendations on the way to determine seniority and bumping rights. The task force also dealt with such issues as method of notification, an appeals procedure, reemployment rights, the counseling and outplacement services. The task force also considered the issue of "willingness to leave".

Employment↗
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An act of cooperation.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Continuing↗
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A meta-analysis of clinical trials of spinal manipulation.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) in the treatment of back pain using meta-analytical techniques. DATA SOURCES: The literature was systematically searched for all studies of SMT through June 1989. The Index Medicus from 1980 was expanded by citation tracking. The Chiropractic Research Archives Collection was utilized as a regularly updated bibliographic source for the location of research publications. A hand search of professional chiropractic journals was also undertaken. STUDY SELECTION: Studies in English with concurrent controls treated by methods other than SMT, including sham, produced 23 randomized controlled clinical trials of the effectiveness of spinal manipulation. Because a single trial might include more than one comparison of treatments, these trials produced a total of 34 mutually exclusive, discrete samples. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted via a standardized coding document by one author and verified by two of the others. Data were independently extracted from a subset of the studies by a blinded research assistant to ensure that coding methods produced acceptable consistency. DATA SYNTHESIS: Effect sizes (Cohen's D index) were calculated for nine outcome variables at eight time points following the initiation of treatment. Thirty-eight of 44 effect sizes indicated that SMT was better than the comparison treatment. It was also found that meta-analysis was an imperfect instrument for the kind of trials that were pooled in this study because the research protocols were highly diverse. Furthermore, because the nature of SMT does not permit an easy use of placebos, true no-treatment control groups were rare. Most studies compared SMT to an alternative treatment. This probably obscured the effectiveness of SMT since the comparison treatments were presumably also effective. CONCLUSIONS: SMT proved to be consistently more effective in the treatment of low back pain than were any of the array of comparison treatments. The analysis provided some suggestion that manipulation, as such, is more effective than mobilization, as such. For the future, it is suggested that researchers strive for more consistent measures in terms of explicit descriptions of the nature of SMT, the times of post-treatment assessments and the nature of outcome measures. Only then can meta-analysis fulfill its potential in this clinical area.

Back Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of UW cold storage solution and St. Thomas' solution II: a 31P NMR and functional study of isolated porcine hearts.

Although University of Wisconsin cold storage solution provides excellent preservation for the pancreas, the kidney, and the liver after extended cold ischemic storage, its ability to preserve the heart for extended cold storage periods is not yet proved. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of University of Wisconsin solution on heart preservation and to compare it to modified St. Thomas' solution II with respect to the capacity to preserve high-energy phosphates and contractile function in pig hearts. Hearts were arrested with either University of Wisconsin cold storage solution or St. Thomas' solution II (10 ml/kg) and kept ischemic at 12 degrees C or 4 degrees C for 8 hours. Functional recovery after the preservation period was assessed by means of ventricular function curves of the isovolumically contracting Langendorff model perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution. Phosphorus 31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to monitor high-energy phosphates and intracellular pH during preservation and reperfusion. At 12 degrees C, hearts arrested and preserved with University of Wisconsin solution showed a rapid decrease in phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate. With St. Thomas' solution, phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate decreased slowly. Functional recovery was poorer with University of Wisconsin solution than with St. Thomas' solution. Hearts preserved at 4 degrees C with either solution showed no significant differences in high-energy phosphate content and functional recovery. Rigorous control of the low temperature (4 degrees C) is necessary when University of Wisconsin solution is used for heart preservation.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An interview with Rhonda Anderson. Interview by Connie R. Curran.

Nurse executives working in a hospital system experience varied and challenging opportunities to enhance the quality of patient care as well as the success of their professional careers. In this interview, Rhonda Anderson, MPA, RN, CNAA, discusses the hospital system, the managed care environment, and the importance of developing nurse managers.

Humans↗