Biomedical subjects

R Aller

Publications and source records attributed to R Aller.

96 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in intake pattern in obese patients treated with paroxetine].

GOAL: Drugs used in cases of obesity can be classified in several groups: those which increase thermogenesis; those which reduce the absorption of fats; and those which reduce the appetite. It seems that the last named group affects the intake pattern. The goal of our study was to assess the change in eating habits and the adherence to the diet by obese patients treated with paroxetin. SCOPE: The population studied comprised 14 obese patients. All of them were prescribed a diet of 1,500 calories/day in two groups: Group I (n = 7; only diet) and Group II (n = 7; diet plus paroxetin). After three months, a 24-hour nutritional survey was carried out to compare habitual intake with recommended intake. RESULTS: The intake of Group I was significantly greater than in Group II in terms of total calories (2,094.2 +/- 415 calories/day) versus 1,403.4 +/- 368 cal/day; p < 0.05), grammes of protein (100.2 +/- 19.6 g/day versus 63.2 +/- 8.1 g/day; p < 0.05) and carbohydrates (218.8 +/- 60.8 g/day versus 164.3 +/- 64.1 g/day; p < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in the amount or type of fat eaten. There were differences in the consumption of iron (14.2 +/- 2.4 mg/day versus 8.7 +/- 1.7 mg/day; p < 0.05), phosphorus (1,623.5 +/- 301.9 mg/day versus 1,001.8 +/- 255.6 mg/day; p < 0.05) and potassium (3,820 +/- 1,629 mg/day versus 2,560 +/- 557 mg/day; p < 0.05), with the remainder of minerals and vitamins not presenting significant differences. In conclusion, paroxetin modifies the intake pattern by reducing the amounts of calorie, proteins and carbohydrates consumed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of a dessert in patients with deglutition changes, one more step in advanced basic feeding].

BACKGROUND: Decrease in the capacity to deglutition solids and liquids is a problem in many people, this problem decreases quality of life. The objective of our work is to evaluate the acceptance degree of a dessert (stewed fruit) (including in the normal diet of the Hospital) in a group of patients with dysphagia. METHODS: Forty seven patients were studied in Hospital Universitario del Río Hortega (Valladolid) in July of 2000. The main pathology of these patients was; (n = 12) 25.5% acute stroke, (n = 16) 34% aerodigestive tumors (Jarynx carcinoma (n = 5), cavum carcinoma (n = 9), oesophagus carcinoma (n = 2)) and 40.4% (n = 19) chronic neurologic disease (Alzheimer, vascular dementia, and parkinson). All patients took a oral triturated diet, a dessert with apple and pear (Resource fruits Instant). All patients took a portion of the dessert and after that a acceptance questionnaire was filled. RESULTS: Global acceptance of the product was 7.25 +/- 1.5, this punctuation was higher in the tumoral group 8 +/- 1.1 points, 6.86 +/- 1.4 in patients with acute stroke and 6.7 +/- 1.5 in patients with chronic neurologic disease (p < 0.05). Different organoleptic characteristics were analyzed, mean punctuation in texture was 1.79 +/- 0.6, color 2.2 +/- 0.5, smell 2.24 +/- 0.59 and taste 1.95 +/- 0.61, in a scale of 1 (very good) until 5 (very bad), a total of 57.9% patients responded very good (1) or good (2) in texture scale, 71.1% in color scale, 60.5% in smell scale and 63.2% in taste scale. CONCLUSIONS: Acceptance of this product in patients with dysphagia has been elevated, showing useful in these patients with nutrition alterations.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of the compliance of a 1,500 calorie diet in a population of overweight type-2 diabetics].

OBJECTIVE: In patients with diabetes type 2 the individual diet is a main point to reach a good metabolic control. The objective of our study was to evaluate the fulfilment of a 1.500 kcal/day diet in a group of overweight patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. METHODS: A total of 89 diabetic patients were studied in Hospital Universitario del Río Hortega (Valladolid), from March to September of 2000. In all patients the next datas were recorded; age, sex, years of diabetes evolution, with a 24 hours nutritional questionnaire and a frequency questionnaire. All patients had a body mass index higher than 25. RESULTS: Distribution of sex were (36 males y females), mean age 62.92 +/- 9.71 years, weight 75.62 +/- 13.06 kg and body mass index 29.92 +/- 5.97, with an evolution of diabetes (8.3 +/- 2.4 years). Nutritional evaluation showed a calorie intake of 1316 kcal, the recommended calories in the diet were 1522 kcal. Carbohydrates intake were lower than recommended (53.9% vs 43%), this decrease in the carbohidrates intake were compensated a high intake of lipids (23.4% vs 33%), proteins intake were 22%. Frequency questionnaire showed that 96% of population took 3 or more portions of fruit each day and 83% of population 3 or more portions of vegetables. CONCLUSION: Patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 performed a hypocaloric diet. Carbohydrates intake were the most important, with a high percentage of monounsaturated lipids and a good percentage of proteins.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[24-hour oral intake in patients with upper aerodigestive tumors].

BACKGROUND: A lot of works have shown, alterations in oral intake of micro and macronutrients, in patients with upper aerodigestive tumors. The main aim of our work was to compare the daily intake in a group of patients with upper aerodigestive tumors versus a control group. METHODS: A group pf 35 patients with upper aerodigestive tumors were studied (8 oral cavity and 27 larynx). A group of 35 subjects were use as control group. In all patients the next parameters were taken; age, sex, smoking and alcohol consumption, type of tumors and a 24 hours oral intake questionnaire. RESULTS: Patients with upper aerodigestive tumors showed a high increase of calories intake (1545.3 +/- 359 cal/day vs 1264.4 +/- 240 cal/day; p < 0.05), carbohydrates intake (177.9 +/- 57.9 g/day vs 135.9 +/- 38.5 g/day; p < 0.05), total fats (58.2 +/- 18.4 g/day vs 45.9 +/- 15.4 g/day; p < 0.05) and saturated fats intake (19.4 +/- 7.7 g/day vs 11.9 +/- 6.1 g/day; p < 0.05). In micronutrients intake differences were detected, a low intake in tumoral patients of vitamin C (59.4 +/- 18.5 mg/day vs 141.5 +/- 83 mg/día; p < 0.05), folic acid (116.5 +/- 56.3 mg/day vs 180.5 +/- 78.5 mg/day; p < 0.05), and vitamin B2 (1.53 +/- 0.5 mg/day vs 23.9 +/- 6.5 g/day; p < 0.05). In minerals intake we detected a low intake in tumoral patients of calcium (702.9 +/- 363 mg/day vs 942.4 +/- 327 mg/day; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with upper aerodigestive tumors take a high amount of calories, saturated fats and carbohydrates, and a low intake of vitamin C, folic, vitamin B12 and calcium.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of lyophilized products in texture modified diets at a hospital].

BACKGROUND: Decrease in the capacity to deglutition solids and liquids is a problem in many people, this problem decreases quality of life. The objective of our study is to compare the acceptance of texture modifies courses against conventional courses. METHODS: A total of 70 patients were studied in our Hospital. First, 35 patients received a modified texture diet with conventional products and the next 35 patients received a modified texture diet with lyophilised products. All patients responded the next questions after to take the diets; texture, taste, smell and color. RESULTS: A total of 70 patients were studied (38 males and 32 females), the mean age was 74.9 +/- 16.8 years, no differences were detected between both groups (76.6 +/- 17.1 years vs 73.7 +/- 16.67 years). Lyophilised diets had better medians than conventional diets in all parameters; taste, smell, color and texture. CONCLUSION: Acceptance of lyophilised dishes were better than conventional dishes. These products could improve nutritional state in these patients.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Relation among micronutrient intakes with CD4 count in HIV infected patients].

INTRODUCTION: The impact of micronutrients on HIV disease progression has been an area of great interest. Several studies have shown an association between disease progression and micronutrient status. The aim of our study was to assess the correlation between micronutrients intakes and immune status in HIV infected patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 119 patients were evaluated. Nobody dropped out. In all patients the following parameters were assessed; age, sex, treatment with anti-retroviral drugs, performed an anthropometric evaluation (weight, tricipital skinfold, midarm circumference, and body mass index (BMI)) and a biochemical evaluation (glucose, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, total proteins, limphocytes and count of CD4). All patients received instruction in 24-hour written food record keeping. RESULTS: Patients had an average age 37.9 +/- 9.9 years, weight 64.5 +/- 13.2 kg and body mass index 22.5 +/- 3.5. Levels of total proteins, albumin, prealbumin y transferrin were normal. Percentile distribution of anthropometric parameters showed a deep depletion in muscular protein compartiment, 53.1% of patients had tricipital skinfold under P 50, 91.8% had midarm muscle circumference under P 50. The correlation analysis among dietary intake and immune status, showed a positive association among vitamin A intake and vitamin D with CD4+ (r = 0.35; p < 0.01) and (r = 0.51; p < 0.001), respectively. In the multivariant analysis with dependent variable (CD4 count), only vitamin D remained in the model (F = 16.99; p < 0.001), with an increase of 34 (CI 95%: 5.81-167.3) CD4+ (count/uL) with each microgram of vitamin D intake, adjusted by age, sex, energy and protein intake, and anti-retroviral drugs. CONCLUSION: Vitamin A, and D intakes were correlated with CD4 count, only vitamin D remained as a independent predictor parameter in a in multivariant model.

Adult↗