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Biomedical subjects

R Adams

Publications and source records attributed to R Adams.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Bacteriology of spoilage of fish muscle. IV. Role of protein.

Clarified muscle press juice from English sole (Parophrys vetulus) was fractionated by gel filtration into a protein and a protein-free fraction. Upon inoculation with spoilage bacteria, the protein fraction failed to show any signs of spoilage, but the protein-free fraction spoiled according to the usual organoleptic and chemical criteria. Despite its spoilage-resistant qualities, the protein fraction accelerated spoilage of the protein-free fraction when the two were combined. Protein breadkown due to bacterial action was greatest in the unfractionated juice and was least in the protein fraction. No significant proteolysis occurred until after spoilage became evident.

Amines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On the pathogenesis of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver.

Fifty-one focal nodular hyperplasia lesions from 36 patients were examined histologically. Serial sections and three-dimensional models were studied in selected cases. Lesions were multiple in 19% of patients. Thirty-four patients were female. One case had 11 focal nodular hyperplasia lesions and 7 hemangiomata in the liver. Three had astrocytoma and one had anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Morphometric analysis revealed that the lesions were supplied by an anomalous artery larger than expected for the locale in the liver. This artery branched to form a spider-like structure and was usually not accompanied by a portal vein or duct. Each terminal arterial branch supplied a separate nodule 1 mm in diameter; adjacent nodules coalesced to form the focal nodular hyperplasia lesion. The arterial blood appeared to drain directly into the sinusoids of the nodule. We propose that focal nodular hyperplasia is an hyperplastic response of the hepatic parenchyma to a preexisting arterial spider-like malformation. The frequent coexistence of focal nodular hyperplasia with other vascular and neuroendocrine anomalies suggest that the malformations are developmental in origin. The basic requirement for development of hepatic hyperplasia may be greater blood flow to a region compared to the adjacent parenchyma. This requirement appears to be met in the other forms of nodular transformation of the liver, i.e., nodular regenerative hyperplasia and partial nodular transformation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Grip strength testing reliability.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of isometric grip strength testing using the Jamar dynamometer. Thirty-three subjects, 16 men (mean age = 37.4 years) and 17 women (mean age = 35.5 years), were assessed on two separate occasions using four methods to determine grip strength score. The methods used were (1) the score of one trial, (2) the mean score of two trials, (3) the mean score of three trials, and (4) the highest score of three trials. All five handle positions of the Jamar dynamometer were used during testing. Although still within the limits of acceptability, position 1 was significantly less reliable when compared with the other handle positions. Because the four methods of determining grip strength score were not significantly different in reliability, it was not possible to recommend any method as being more accurate. To analyze curve shape further, grip strength curves for the strongest and weakest men and women were compared by transforming points on the curves into percentages of the maximum value. Transformed curves for both strong and weak subjects were almost identical, indicating that, for this sample, "flattening" of the grip strength curves was a function of weak grip. The present data do not support the use of raw score curve shape as an indicator of sincerity of effort during grip strength testing.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development and evaluation of a precision forearm and hand volumeter and measuring cylinder.

Water displacement methods are commonly used to measure upper limb swelling. The purpose of this study was to improve upon currently used volumetric equipment and methods by developing a volumetric method that would be reliable, accurate, and sensitive to changes in forearm and hand volume of less than 1%. The first two phases involved measuring a sample of inert objects (bottles), and the next two phases involved measuring a sample of forearms and hands across a range of water temperatures. Data confirmed that the volumetric method could be used reliably and accurately to measure bottle volumes and was able to detect a change of 10 mls (< 1%). The method also reliably measured forearm and hand volumes using the same anatomic landmark to reference depth of immersion in all subjects. Water temperatures across the range of 20 to 32 degrees Celsius were not found to affect the volume of segments measured.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Communication. Say what you mean!

The following suggestions are offered to improve your communication with coworkers and patients: 1. Don't use jargon when it isn't necessary. 2. Use feedback when seeking the meaning to a secondary message. 3. Key your messages to the level of understanding the receiver possesses. 4. Always realize your abstracting. 5. Do not always interpret message literally. Yes, in the beginning was the word. But when we interpret all words literally, we miss much of what is really being said. Ultimate meaning and awareness can only take place if we allow our intuition to come into focus. Sometimes it's best to literally "lose your mind" and "come to your senses."

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of intraoperative ultrasonography to identify a cervical foreign body. A case report.

Real-time ultrasound was used to identify a foreign-body abscess causing an extraluminal esophageal obstruction in the neck of a horse. Surgical exploration to remove the foreign body and drain the abscess was performed after 2 months of medical management that had failed to resolve the problem. The abscess could not be visualized because there was no draining tract or other localizing sign of inflammation. Ultrasound was used aseptically to guide surgical dissection to the walled off abscess with minimal damage to adjacent vital structures in the surgical field. The signs of esophageal obstruction abated and have not recurred in 15 months.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Excision of cutaneous tumors in the horse using histologic guidance.

A highly successful surgical technique for removing cutaneous tumors in humans was used in seven horses with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (n = 3) or sarcoid (n = 4). In humans, the complete underside of the tumor is evaluated histologically by processing horizontal sections from the tumor base, and orientation between the wound surface and the undersurface of the excised tumor is maintained by mapping both surfaces. The technique ensures that small foci of residual tumor can be located accurately and removed. Based on our experience, three modifications of the human technique are suggested for its use in horses. The equine patient should be placed under general anesthesia rather than using local anesthesia if the tumor is in a difficult position for standing surgery or the patient is uncooperative; useful information can be obtained from tissue processed in buffered formalin if frozen sections are not available; and optimal tumor size for this procedure is no larger than 3 x 2 cm.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A strategy for modeling ground water rebound in abandoned deep mine systems.

Discharges of polluted water from abandoned mines are a major cause of degradation of water resources worldwide. Pollution arises after abandoned workings flood up to surface level, by the process termed ground water rebound. As flow in large, open mine voids is often turbulent, standard techniques for modeling ground water flow (which assume laminar flow) are inappropriate for predicting ground water rebound. More physically realistic models are therefore desirable, yet these are often expensive to apply to all but the smallest of systems. An overall strategy for ground water rebound modeling is proposed, with models of decreasing complexity applied as the temporal and spatial scales of the systems under analysis increase. For relatively modest systems (area < 200 km2), a physically based modeling approach has been developed, in which 3-D pipe networks (representing major mine roadways, etc.) are routed through a variably saturated, 3-D porous medium (representing the country rock). For systems extending more than 100 to 3000 km2, a semidistributed model (GRAM) has been developed, which conceptualizes extensively interconnected volumes of workings as ponds, which are connected to other ponds only at discrete overflow points, such as major inter-mine roadways, through which flow can be efficiently modeled using the Prandtl-Nikuradse pipe-flow formulation. At the very largest scales, simple water-balance calculations are probably as useful as any other approach, and a variety of proprietary codes may be used for the purpose.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of neonatal calf diarrhea with an oral electrolyte solution supplemented with psyllium mucilloid.

Dairy calves under 14 days of age with naturally occurring, uncomplicated diarrhea were treated for 3 days with a hypertonic oral electrolyte solution with (n = 15) or without (n = 12) psyllium. Clinical response and clinical pathology data were compared between the 2 groups. Glucose absorption was evaluated on days 1 and 3 by measurement of plasma glucose and lactate and serum insulin concentrations for 4 hours after formula administration. On day 1, glucose, lactate, and insulin concentrations were lower in psyllium-fed calves than in control calves, with significant differences noted in glucose and lactate concentrations at several time points (P < 0.05). Plasma lactate concentrations were higher at several times in both treatment groups on day 3 than on day 1 (P < 0.05). Fecal consistency was markedly different in psyllium-fed calves as compared with control calves within 24 hours of psyllium supplementation. Fecal percent dry matter content was lower in psyllium-fed calves than in control calves at least once a day during supplementation and on day 3 compared with day 0 in the psyllium-fed calves (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in clinical performance scores, hydration status, arterial blood gas, serum anion gap, electrolyte, or total CO2 concentrations. Addition of psyllium to an oral electrolyte solution resulted in immediate alterations in glucose absorption without impairing rehydration in diarrheic calves, but differences were transient and did not affect clinical outcome.

Absorption↗