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Biomedical subjects

R Ackermann

Publications and source records attributed to R Ackermann.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Determination of the new aromatase inhibitor CGS 16 949 in biological fluids by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

A specific and sensitive gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of the aromatase inhibitor CGS 16 949 in plasma and urine. A deuterium-labelled analogue of CGS 16 949 was used as internal standard. The analysis of spiked samples demonstrated the good accuracy and precision of the method. For both plasma and urine, the limit of quantification (LOQ: coefficient of variation (CV) = 10%) and the limit of detection (LOD: CV = 100%) were estimated to be 5 and 1 nmol l-1, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of unchanged CGS 16 949 in plasma and urine of a healthy volunteer orally dosed with 1 mg of CGS 16 949 A.

Aromatase Inhibitors↗
PubMed1989

Pharmacokinetics of a new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, benazepril hydrochloride, in special populations.

To investigate the pharmacokinetics of benazepril hydrochloride in special populations, single or multiple doses between 5 and 20 mg of the new drug were given, and the pharmacokinetics of unchanged benazepril and its pharmacologically active metabolite benazeprilat were compared with those in healthy male volunteers. In elderly subjects and patients with mild and moderate renal insufficiency, there was little change in the kinetics of benazepril or benazeprilat. In patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min), benazeprilat elimination was slowed, which resulted in greater accumulation after repeated dosing. In patients with hepatic cirrhosis, the kinetics and bioavailability of benazeprilat were not affected. Therefore dose adjustment is unnecessary because of the patient's age, mild or moderate renal impairment, or hepatic cirrhosis. Dose reduction is necessary in patients with creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Torsion --a new concept in construction of sports shoes. Motion excursion of the foot in athletic stress--anatomical and biomechanical observations and their effects on construction of sports shoes].

In recent years several construction elements resulted in an increasing stiffening of the sport shoe so that the foot was partly forced to make its own movements inside the shoe. A new sport shoe concept is presented basing on the results of anatomic and biomechanical studies, its innovative feature being decoupling of the foot movement between the calcaneal part of the foot and the metatarsus (= torsion). The foot is given an opportunity to transmit its freedom of movement in the longitudinal axis of the foot to the shoe without the shoe acting as a lever, this goal being achieved by a limited liberation of the metatarsal pronation/supination and a controlled uncoupling of the metatarsus from the calcaneal part of the foot.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of Erythema migrans Borreliosis in blood donors.

European Erythema migrans Borreliosis and North American Lyme disease are closely related to syphilis. This implicates a potential risk of infection for blood recipients. Eighty-six of 3,157 blood donors tested showed IgG-antibodies against Borrelia Burgdorferi. From among 47 persons of this group who could be examined, clinical signs of diseased skin, joints or nervous system, not diagnosed before, were found or could be suspected in 13 cases. Since intrauterine transmission of Borrelia infection has been described, the inevitable question of whether this disease can also be transmitted as a result of blood transfusion becomes a major concern. As the pathogen can persist even in the presence of serum antibodies, it seems advisable to examine blood donors serologically, whenever Erythema migrans Borreliosis is suspected. Though further research is required to document a transfusion-transmitted Borrelia infection, infected persons should be treated to avoid serious or late manifestations.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

[A rare form of metastasis of renal cell cancer. A case report of intra-oral soft tissue metastasis].

Metastatic lesions represent 1%-8% of all malignant tumours of the mouth and jaws, which are regarded as rare sites of metastases from different primary tumours. The vast majority of these lesions (90%) have been observed in the mandibula, and 5%-20% in the maxilla. Metastatic tumours in the oral soft tissue are very rare. The primary tumour that most commonly metastasizes to the mouth and jaws seems to be carcinoma of the lung, followed by breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma. The case of a 47-year-old woman with renal cell carcinoma and an intraoral soft tissue metastatic lesion is presented.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1988

[The epidemiology of Borrelia burgdorferi infections. A pilot study from the Männedorf area].

Only a few investigations have been conducted into the incidence of Lyme borreliosis and the prevalence and clinical value of increased antibody titers against Borrelia burgdorferi. We prospectively examined 241 persons and found increased titers in 23 (9.5%); only two of them had a history of Lyme borreliosis. The concentrations of increased IgG-antibody titers in healthy persons were comparable to those in patients with actual Lyme borreliosis. In the latter, IgM-antibodies were frequently absent. Our results suggest an infection rate of about 10% in this region of Switzerland. They further emphasize that the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis must primarily be established clinically and by exclusion of other etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Early involvement of the nervous system by human immune deficiency virus (HIV). A study of 79 patients.

We report on 79 patients of different stages of human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection according to the Walter-Reed staging classification (WR). Comparing the HIV antibody content per weight IgG in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 54 patients (68%) showed higher antibody activity in CSF than in serum, indicating intrathecal antibody production and thus a local challenge with the virus. The percentage of patients with these antibodies in CSF increased from stage WR 1 (33%) to WR 5 (90%). It decreased again in WR 6 (68%). Twenty-one patients with intrathecally produced antibodies but without evidence for opportunistic or preexistent neuropsychiatric diseases were further analyzed. Even in stages WR 1 and 2 these patients showed distinct clinical signs. These consisted mostly in apathic personality change (n = 13), peripheral neuropathy (n = 8) or mild hemisyndrome (n = 9). Progression to severe dementia solely caused by HIV encephalitis seems to be possible. More often acceleration of the mental disorder indicates a synergistic action of other pathogens. Our study gives further evidence for very frequent, early and clinically active involvement of the nervous system by the HIV infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Value of computed tomography in the staging of testicular tumors.

To analyze the value of computed tomography (CT) for the exact staging of testicular tumors, 2 groups of 28 patients each were examined. All patients underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in the course of their treatment. Pretherapeutic stages as determined by CT were compared to the histologically verified definite tumor stages. In 68% of the patients, the stage found by CT was correct but 3 (5%) false-positive and 13 false-negative results were obtained. Thus, almost 40% (13/33) of the patients with clinical stage I disease presumably would have had a progression if managed by a surveillance strategy. It can be concluded that this strategy should be restricted to certain centers with guaranteed long-term standardized patient observation and extremely high patient compliance.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed1988

Early and long-term toxicity in the management of advanced germ cell testicular tumors.

47 patients with advanced germ cell testicular tumors were treated with combination chemotherapy, cis-platinum, vinblastine and bleomycin (PVB). All patients were reexamined on average 2.5 years after the end of treatment. Persistent mild long-term toxicity affecting the lungs, kidneys and peripheral nerve system was found in about one third of the patients. In addition, 32 patients who had received radiation therapy of seminoma were reexamined. Objective long-term toxicity was rare. However, possible damage to chromosomes and spermatogenesis has to be kept in mind.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibodies.

The hybridoma technology developed by Köhler and Milstein has initiated a new era in biological sciences. In the last decade the possibility of generating limited amounts of monoclonal antibodies of predefined specificity has become a routine method in many laboratories throughout the world. The constant quality of various antibody preparations from 1 hybridoma cell line represents another important advantage of this method. Apart from the use for several purposes, e.g. HLA-typing, differentiation of lymphocyte subpopulations and blood group antigens, monoclonal antibodies play an important role in the determination of various tumor markers. In most modern immunoassays monoclonal antibodies are used. Furthermore, there is nowadays a limited experience concerning the in vivo use of monoclonal antibodies in malignant disease. Radiolabelled antibody immunodetection has been applied e.g. in colorectal and testicular tumors for the detection of tumor metastases. The therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies has been reported in some patients with tumors of the hemopoietic system. The production of new murine and human monoclonal antibodies against various tumor types is subject of current investigations. The aim of these efforts is the development of monoclonal antibodies suitable for in vitro tumor diagnosis and application in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Is cardiac involvement found also in European erythema migrans borreliosis?].

During an infection with Borrelia burgdorferi two men (aged 59 and 61 years, respectively) developed long-lasting cardiac arrhythmias which proved difficult to treat (tachycardias; in one patient due to atrial fibrillation, and also nodal arrhythmias). The cardiac signs completely regressed after specific antibiotic treatment, supporting the view that the cardiac involvement was due to borrelia infection, as is known to have occurred with Lyme disease reported from the USA.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1987

Determination of a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and its active metabolite in plasma and urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A specific and sensitive gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous quantification of unchanged 3-[( 1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenyl-(1S)-propyl]amino)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-oxo-1- 1-(3S)-benzazepine-1-acetic acid (I) and its active metabolite, the dicarboxylic acid (II), in plasma and urine has been developed and validated. 2H5-labelled analogues of I and II were used as internal standards. The compounds were isolated from plasma and urine under acidic conditions using XAD-2 resin or Extrelut 1 columns. Following derivatization with diazomethane, the samples were analysed by packed-column gas chromatography-electron-impact mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring. The analysis of spiked plasma and urine samples demonstrated the good accuracy and precision of the method, which is suitable for use in pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies with the new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor prodrug I.HCl in humans.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗