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Biomedical subjects

R Ackermann

Publications and source records attributed to R Ackermann.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Experience with Jakobi's logatom test. Recommendations for international speech audiometry].

Since 1959 in the Univ. ENT-clinic of Halle/S. a so called Logatomtest from Jakobi with senseless syllables is in use for paedoaudiology. It was proved in cases of adults with hearing losses as well as in normal patients too. The results were nearly the same as with the test of Hahlbrock in german language. For international use we checked the distribution of consonants and vowels in 10 european languages. We often need speech audiograms for patients from foreign countries, who are not familiar enough with the german language. So it seems to us, that a senseless test is more reliable. In the 10 languages the distribution of the consonants was very similar but not of the vowels. Because the discrimination in speech is based on the consonants, we think out test can be recommended for international use.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Characterization of effector cells responsible for cell-mediated cytotoxicity in patients with carcinoma of the prostate.

In earlier experiments it has been shown that cellular cytotoxicity of patients with prostatic carcinoma (CaP) as measured by cytolysis of EB 33 target cells correlates with the extent of their tumor lesion: a high grade of cytotoxicity was observed only when CaP was confined to gland. In order to define a possible in vivo immunological host-tumor interaction, further characterization of the type of effector cell responsible for in vitro killing has been attempted. Effector cells could be either tumor-specific sensitized T cells, K cells, macrophages or NK cells. Antibody-dependent K-cell activity could most likely be excluded, since autologous and homologous serum did not affect the extent of EB 33 killing when added to the test medium. Further separation of effector cells by nylon wool columns resulted in increased cytolysis of EB 33 target cells. This can be due either to tumor-specific T-cell-mediated mechanisms or to an increased natural killer cell activity, as macrophages and B cells were significantly removed by this measure. Separation of T and NK cells is necessary to ascertain the effector cell responsible for the in vitro killing of tumor cells derived from human CaP.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Erythema chronicum migrans with arthritis (author's transl)].

In a 46-year-old woman arthritis developed in several large joints eight weeks after the onset of erythema chronicum migrans. The joints of the leg were swollen and painful. In addition there was painful involvement bilaterally of knee, hip and elbow joints. Circulating immune complexes were demonstrated in serum and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was moderately increased. All other laboratory and radiological tests were within normal limits. On symptomatic treatment the arthritis regressed without sequelae within six weeks. The disease is nosologically related to Lyme disease recently described in the North East of the U.S.A. in which erythema chronicum migrans is followed by arthritis; here, too, circulating immune complexes have been demonstrated.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

[Tick encephalitis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Encephalitis, Tick-Borne↗
PubMed1980

The value of perineal punch biopsy in estimating the histological grade of carcinoma of the prostate.

The degree of accuracy of the histological grade of carcinoma of the prostate obtained by perineal punch biopsy was analyzed by comparing the histological findings with those of radical prostatectomy specimens. Biopsy specimens of 97 of 100 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1969 and 1979 were reevaluated. In 43% of the cases, perineal punch biopsy revealed a uniform architectural pattern, which was classified as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 21 cases and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in 22 cases. However, of the 21 cases determined by biopsy to be uniformly well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, only seven (33.3%) were confirmed by evaluation of the radical prostatectomy specimens. A uniform, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was ultimately found in only five operative specimens of the 22 patients with this preoperative diagnosis. As one case clearly demonstrated, multifocal origin of carcinoma of the prostate is the main source of the frequently occurring error encountered with perineal punch biopsy in determining the grade of differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

The process dynamics of viral and bacterial diseases of the central nervous system.

Several patients with herpes simplex encephalitis developed a prolonged humoral immune reaction within the central nervous system, which was evaluated by the measurement of locally synthesized immunoglobulin fractions in cerebrospinal fluid. Such phasic immune responses seem to occur predominantly in CNS infections with herpes and myxo/paramyxo viruses. In many cases the B-cell response follows a primary neutrophilic and a secondary mononuclear phase. Most benign viral encephalomeningitis cases lack this type of strong local B-cell activity. This is also true in most cases of bacterial meningitis, that recover after a strong neutrophilic attack and a minor mononuclear reaction. The initial phase of a purulent meningitis is characterized by a complete breakdown of the blood-CSF barrier. This occurs also in some cases of "apurulent bacterial meningitis", that are characterized by very low CSF-cell counts in spite of a totally broken barrier. The "compartmental leucopenia" is interpreted as an imbalance between the supply from the blood and an intense phagocytic consumption within the CSF space. The influence of the hydrodynamic size of viruses on the mode of entry into the central nervous system and on the dynamics of the inflammatory reactions is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Fetal infection of the baboon (Papio cynocephalus) with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

Recent observations of LCM-induced fetal damage in humans suggested attempts to develop an animal model for studies on viral congenital malformations. We report herein viral studies on three pregnant baboons (Papio cynocephalus) inoculated subcutaneously with LCM virus strain WE3. The first animal, inoculated in the 9th week of pregnancy, aborted 9 days after a high virus dose. Inoculation of the second baboon during a later stage (23rd week) of pregnancy with a moderate virus dose, resulted in the demonstration of virus in the placenta, amniotic fluid, and cord blood. The infant showed only a slight pleocytosis of the spinal fluid, but no virus shedding and no late sequelae. The third baboon inoculated with a high virus dose during the 21st week of pregnancy delivered an underweight, icteric infant that succumbed on the 6th day. All organs of this animal that were tested contained virus. Microscopic examination of these tissues revealed multifocal necrosis, cerebral glial nodules, meningitis, and bilateral choriovasculitis. These results illustrate that fetal damage observed in the LCM-inoculate baboon resembles that seen in humans following infection with LCM virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Significance of endoscopy for evaluation of vesico-ureteral reflux.

The role of urethrocystoscopy in the evaluation of vesico-ureteral reflux is discussed. In addition to voiding cystourethrograms and excretory urography endoscopic examination of patients with vesico-ureteral reflux permits the determination of the extent of the uretero-vesical junction malformation. The length of the submucosal ureter, the orifice configuration and its location as well as the trigonal muscular development are parameters which lend themselves to endoscopic evaluation. Their importance in the decision of whether vesico-ureteral reflux is treated conservatively or surgically is discussed. In addition, urethrocystoscopy may give valuable information on the causes of secondary vesico-ureteral reflux.

Cystoscopy↗