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Biomedical subjects

R Abe

Publications and source records attributed to R Abe.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Intravesical chemotherapy of urinary bladder tumor in rabbit by ferromagnetic mitomycin C.

Considering the necessity of selective toxicity in cancer chemotherapy, an advantageous means of controlling the anticancer agent in the urinary bladder was facilitated by microencapsulation of the drug and ferrite particles. Pharmacokinetic analysis of intravesical instillation chemotherapy in rabbits proved that magnetic control of ferromagnetic microencapsulated mitomycin C (MMC) remarkably enhanced MMC absorption into the urinary bladder wall. Moreover, malignant bladder tumors in rabbits were successfully treated with this method.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasonographical diagnosis of fatty liver: significance of the liver-kidney contrast.

In order to investigate the reliability of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of fatty liver, retrospective evaluation was made of abdominal echograms in 45 patients with various diffuse liver diseases who underwent liver biopsy within 2 weeks after the ultrasound study. Instead of the well-recognized but subjective diagnostic criterion, i.e. the bright liver pattern, liver-kidney contrast is proposed as a new criterion. The liver-kidney contrast is based on the brightness of the liver in comparison to the renal parenchyma where fatty change seldom occurs. Combination of this liver-kidney contrast with two other well-known ultrasonographical findings of fatty liver, vascular blurring and deep attenuation, enables us to grade fatty change semiquantitatively. When fatty change of over 30% in the hepatic lobule was adopted as the definition of fatty liver, the satisfaction of both liver-kidney contrast and vascular blurring presented an ultrasound diagnostic criterion for fatty liver, with sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 100%, and an accuracy of 96%.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1983

A case of idiopathic fatty liver detectable only by ultrasonography.

A 40-year-old man was diagnosed as fatty liver according to our ultrasonographical criteria for fatty liver, i.e., liver-kidney contrast in the ultrasound mass screening of the liver, biliary tract and pancreas. He lacked any signs or symptoms, nor any known causes of fatty liver, i.e., obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, ingestion of alcohol or drugs. Liver biopsy of this patient revealed fatty change of about 50% of the hepatic lobules. It has been difficult to suspect the presence of latent fatty liver which lacked both the abnormality in the liver function test and hepatomegaly, and even impossible when it lacked any risk factors. In the future as the ultrasonography becomes more generally used as a primary screening examination, "idiopathic latent fatty liver", like this patient, will be more frequently found and this, in turn, will contribute to the progress of the epidemiology and etiology of fatty liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Mass screening for breast cancer.

The mass screening for detection of breast cancer has been conducted in Miyagi Prefecture since 1977. The main activities comprise the itinerant screening in the residential districts and the group screening of female workers at the vocational sites. The routine examination at the Cancer Detection Center is also an integral part of the activities. In the present paper, the data from the above three procedures were compared. The examinees were 49,114 in the residential districts, 6,725 at the vocational sites and 3,055 at the Center. The breast cancer was detected in 51 cases (0.1%) by the itinerant residential screening, 14 (0.2%) at the vocational sites and 73 (2.4%) at the Center. The problems of the first-stage mass screening to detect breast cancer at the early stage were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Induction of T cell responses in nonresponder mice by abolishing suppression with monoclonal antibodies recognizing A region-controlled, T cell-specific determinants.

Mouse strains carrying the kappa allele at loci A beta, A alpha, E beta, and E alpha are nonresponders to lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) and to allotypic determinants of IgG2a myeloma proteins (for example, UPC10 used in this study). The nonresponsiveness to these antigens is caused by T suppressor (Ts) cells that prevent antigen-primed T helper (Th) cells from proliferating. We demonstrate here that monoclonal antibodies specific for an A region-controlled molecule selectively expressed on T cells (A-T) are capable of inducing anti-LDHB and anti-UPC10 responses of primed T cells from nonresponder strains. A monoclonal anti-J antibody that cross-reacts with the A-T molecule also induces responsiveness, whereas another J-specific antibody that lacks this cross-reactivity fails to do so. The mechanism of response induction is blocking of the interaction between the Ts cell or its factor (TsF) and the target of suppression, the antigen-specific Lyt-1+2- (Th) cell. The blocking occurs at the level of the Ts cell and the TsF. The data indicate that Ts cells and TsF carry a unique, A region-controlled molecule that is not only functionally analogous but also serologically similar to the J molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Genesis and extension of intraductal papillomas of the breast--a three-dimensional morphological study].

Graphic reconstruction of semi-serially sectioned breast specimens allowed a three-dimensional observation of intraductal proliferative lesions and their growth characteristics. Ten surgical specimens with intraductal papillomas obtained by microdochectomy were subjected to this study, and the primary site and extending behavior of papillomas were analysed. The results indicated: (1) In seven out of the ten cases papillomas appeared to arise from terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU) as multiple foci three-dimensionally independent of each other. (2) Secondary ductal involvement by multiple papillomas attained to as far as subsegmental or segmental level. (3) On the other hand solitary papilloma arose from segmental duct without involving TDLU. (4) Both solitary and multiple papillomas transformed and distorted the duct system while sustaining its basically arborescent pattern. (5) Duct papillomatosis, situated within TDLU, was often proved to be connected with multiple papillomas in more proximal ducts, and therefore was regarded as a prepapillomatous lesion. (6) Retention cysts associated with multiple papillomas were accounted for by intraductal proliferations obstructing outflow tracts.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Intra-arterial infusion through 2 routes in liver (primary and metastatic cancer].

Patients with unresectable liver cancer (primary and metastatic) were treated with a newly-devised arterial infusion chemotherapy using Cis-DDP and its antidote Sodium thiosulfate (STS). The patients consisted of 4 with primary hepatoma and 1 with metastatic liver cancer originated from intestinal cancer. For the purpose of reducing unfavourable side effects without changing anticancer effect, Cis-DDP was infused into hepatic artery through the catheter while STS being administered systemically. According to Koyama and Saito's criteria, 2 of 5 patients showed partial response (PR) and the others showed no change (NC). The median survival time after onset of therapy was 6.6 months ranging from 2 to 11 months in all the patients. The myelosuppression and renal toxicity, which were considered to be the most serious side effects of Cis-DDP, were not found and liver function was not affected in all the patients. However, all the patients complained of nausea and vomiting. Thus, our experience has indicated that this newly devised infusion chemotherapy is a promising method for treating unresectable liver cancer, although further efforts are necessary for reducing the gastrointestinal toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Mass screening for breast cancer in Miyagi prefecture--a 5-year review].

During the past 5 years, 55839 individuals mass screening for breast cancer in Miyagi Prefecture. Breast cancer was detected in 51 of 49114 (0.1%) women examined at the local site and in 14 of 6725 (0.2%) women examined at the vocational site. At the Cancer Detection Center (CDC) breast cancer was detected in 75 of 3055 (2.4%) screened individuals. Of the 51 breast cancer patients identified at the local site, 35 had noted a breast lump before screening, 6 of 14 patients identified at the vocational site had noted a lump. All patients in whom cancer was detected at the CDC had noticed a breast lump before undergoing the examination. Tumors were detected at a relatively early stage at the vocational site. Classification of tumor size was not significantly different between the local and the CDC examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[High serum ferritin levels in malignant lymphoma of the ileum].

A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with lower abdominal distension, anemia and slight emaciation. Primary malignant lymphoma of the ileum was diagnosed after laparotomy and palliative surgery was performed. Pathological specimens demonstrated diffuse lymphoma, and histiocytic (Rappaport's classification) aneurysm-type macroscopic development. The preoperative serum ferritin level was high and increased postoperatively with a slight decrease during VEMP chemotherapy, suggesting it to be a marker of tumor activity. Although palliation was observed during chemotherapy, this patient died of pulmonary complications a little less than 3 months after the operation.

Female↗
PubMed1982

An analysis of chromosome findings in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Banding studies were done on tissues from tumors excised from 22 Japanese patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. All tumors were found to be associated with aneuploidy. The chromosome abnormalities were diverse, with each chromosome type being involved in these abnormalities. Terminal deletions, derivative chromosomes as a result of unbalanced or nonreciprocal translocations, and markers of totally or partially unknown origin accounted for the majority of the structural abnormalities. Balanced reciprocal translocations were seen only occasionally. The 14q+, 6q-, partial trisomy of 1q, 11q+, 18q+, and 19q+ abnormalities were seen in more than two patients. The incidence of a missing sex chromosome was significantly higher than that of autosomes, but no particular other karyotypic abnormality seemed to be associated with the event. All six patients whose chromosomes could be totally characterized were in complete remission. Patients with one or more markers of unknown either totally or partially origin, had a median survival of only 8 months (p less than 0.01). Five of the former six patients showed a nodular histology. Fifteen of the latter 16 patients had a diffuse histology, with 13 of the 15 having diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. The median survival of 9.5 months for the 14 with only abnormal metaphases in the lymphatic tissues (AA-group) was shorter than the 26+ months for the seven patients with both normal and abnormal metaphases (AN-group). Thus certain aspects of chromosomal changes appear to correlate with histology and/or prognosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Adolescent↗