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Biomedical subjects

R A Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to R A Thompson.

180 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1965

Tests for rheumatoid factor after myocardial infarction.

An investigation was carried out into the occurrence of positive tests for rheumatoid factor after myocardial infarction. Fifty-five patients, 41 males and 14 females, were studied in 56 separate admissions for acute myocardial infarction. Tests for thyroid antibodies were also performed on all patients. In 16 patients a positive rheumatoid factor test was obtained in the post-infarction period on at least one occasion. The reaction was usually a weak positive one, and in most cases had disappeared on discharge from hospital. Transient false positive tests for thyroid complement-fixing antibody were obtained in seven male patients.Positive tests tended to occur in older patients, with a previous history of infarction, and usually with more severe infarcts, as judged from the maximum level of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase obtained in the first 48 hours after infarction, and the occurrence of clinical cardiac failure. This is probably a relatively non-specific manifestation of tissue damage, the clinical importance of which is unknown.

Antibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The legacy of early attachments.

The impact of early close relationships on psychological development is one of the enduring questions of developmental psychology that is addressed by attachment theory and research. This essay evaluates what has been learned, and offers ideas for future research, by examining the origins of continuity and change in the security of attachment early in life, and its prediction of later behavior. The discussion evaluates research on the impact of changing family circumstances and quality of care on changes in attachment security, and offers new hypotheses for future study. Considering the representations (or internal working models) associated with attachment security as developing representations, the discussion proposes that (1) attachment security may be developmentally most influential when the working models with which it is associated have sufficiently matured to influence other emerging features of psychosocial functioning; (2) changes in attachment security are more likely during periods of representational advance; and (3) parent-child discourse and other relational influences shape these developing representations after infancy. Finally, other features of early parent-child relationships that develop concurrently with attachment security, including negotiating conflict and establishing cooperation, also must be considered in understanding the legacy of early attachments.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mother-child discourse, attachment security, shared positive affect, and early conscience development.

The separate literatures on parental discipline, maternal discourse about emotion, and autobiographical memory support the idea that parent-child discourse in the context of a supportive relationship plays a role in a child's early conscience development, and this study was designed to examine this issue. Forty-two preschool children and their mothers took part in a 45-min structured laboratory session, and at their homes, mothers completed the Attachment Q-Set. As part of the laboratory session, each mother was asked to discuss with her child one incident that occurred within the last week in which her child behaved well and one in which her child misbehaved. These conversations were transcribed verbatim and coded for maternal references to feelings, rules, consequences of the child's actions, and moral evaluatives. Each child also took part in a behavioral measure of internalization and several compliance tasks, and mothers completed a maternal report of the child's early conscience development. Consistent with attachment theory, attachment security predicted maternal and child references to feelings and moral evaluatives. Attachment security, shared positive affect between the mother and child, and maternal references to feelings and moral evaluatives also predicted specific aspects of early conscience development.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development in the first years of life.

Any discussion on how we care for infants and toddlers must begin with the interests and needs of the children themselves. Therefore, this issue opens with an overview of the dramatic development that takes place during the first three years of life, which turns the dependent human newborn into a sophisticated three-year-old who walks, talks, solves problems, and manages relationships with adults and other children. This article explains the new understanding of brain development that has captured public attention in recent years, and links it to developments in infant behavior that are equally impressive and influential: the growth of the body (size and coordination), the growth of the mind (language and problem-solving abilities), and the growth of the person (emotional and social mastery). It emphasizes how much early experiences and relationships matter. The article highlights themes that resonate across these aspects of development: A drive to development is inborn, propelling the human infant toward learning and mastery. The opportunities for growth that enrich the early years also bring with them vulnerability to harm. The experiences that greet children in their human and physical surroundings can either enhance or inhibit the unfolding of their inborn potential. People (especially parents and other caregivers) are the essence of the infant's environment, and their protection, nurturing, and stimulation shape early development. The author envisions a society that stands beside the families and caregivers who nurture young children, equipping them with knowledge and resources, and surrounding them with supportive workplaces, welfare policies, and child care systems.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Separation of cis-/trans-diastereomers and enantiomers of aminoindanol and aminoindan using capillary electrophoresis.

Aminoindanol poses an interesting separation problem because it contains two chiral centers and exists as four stereoisomers. The capillary electrophoretic separation of the cis- and the larger trans-diastereomers of aminoindanol is simply achieved by pH control of the tris buffer background electrolyte. In accordance with theory, maximum separation occurs at the pH equal to the mean value of the pKA values of the isomers. The separation of the enantiomers of both the cis- and trans-diastereomers is effected using the chiral selector alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD). The cis-enantiomeric pair is better separated than the trans-pair, as reflected by the larger difference in the binding constants, K, for the cis-enantiomers with the alpha-CD, K values were measured from the change in electrophoretic mobility with selector concentration, over the temperature range 15 degrees C-35 degrees C. The associated delta H degrees and delta S degrees values were determined for the transfer of each enantiomer from the aqueous buffer phase to the alpha-CD phase. The corresponding K values and associated thermodynamic quantities were also measured for the aminoindan enantiomers, which lack the hydroxyl group of aminoindanol. The effect of chiral selector size was evaluated for the aminoindanols by measuring K and the associated values using beta-CD, which has a larger cavity than the alpha-CD. The better fit of the larger trans-isomers leads to larger K values for the trans-isomers but reduced Ks for the cis-. The gamma-CD cavity is too large to produce chiral discrimination. The low solubility of the beta-CD requires the addition of high concentrations of urea to the tris buffer. Urea has little effect on the K values of the trans-aminoindanols with alpha-CD, but leads to larger values for the cis-isomers.

Electrophoresis, Capillary↗