Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R A Mintzer

Publications and source records attributed to R A Mintzer.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The radiologic significance of the left pulmonary ligament. Experience with 26 patients.

Pathologic processes confined to or by the left pulmonary ligament present a confusing radiographic appearance. Such processes may simulate pleural scarring, parenchymal scarring, or even left lower lobe collapse. Radiologic awareness of this structure is limited because in the normal state, it is not visualized on either posteroanterior or lateral chest x-ray films. The absence of secondary signs of left lower lobe collapse, together with a process which may extend above the level of the left hilum, is valuable in confirming that such a triangular density seen behind the left cardiac border is disease in or confined by the pulmonary ligament, rather than left lower lobe collapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The spectrum of radiologic findings in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Early diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is important. Initiation of corticosteroid therapy in ABPA is essential to prevent progressive destruction of lung parenchyma. The earliest radiographic manifestations of the disease may be present only on bronchograms. In addition to the classic radiographic findings (infiltrate, massive homogeneous consolidation, tram-line shadow, parallel line shadow, ring shadow, toothpaste shadow, glove-finger shadow), perihilar infiltrates simulating adenopathy (pseudohilar adenopathy) and air fluid levels were frequently demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Dose reduction in mammography.

The Min-R system is more than a satisfactory substitute for xerography. At equal distances, the images obtained are equivalent. Radiation exposure was 25 per cent of xerography, a significant reduction in exposure. By using a long cone and improving geometry, superior images were obtained in 4 per cent of 400 comparison patients. If mammography is to be used as an early detection device in patients with carcinoma of the breast, modalities with lower exposure requirements must be used. Min-R, a new film screen system, fulfills the requirement of reduced patient exposure without loss of diagnostic accuracy.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Bladder fistula.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Chiba needle percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography with the Chiba University needle has been utilized in 30 patients. The ducts were successfully demonstrated in all 21 patients with obstructive jaundice. Sixty-seven percent of normal or stenosed ducts were visualized. No serious complications occurred and emergency post-procedural laparotomy was unnecessary. Our results reflect other reports. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography is an efficacious method of evaluating the hepatobiliary system.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Urological complications of regional enteritis.

Urological complications of regional enteritis occur frequently and may be clinically unsuspected. Radiographic findings include nephrolithiasis, characteristic stricture of the ureter, panvesiculitis, and enterovesical fistual. Less specific findings include renal amyloidosis and retroperitoneal abscesses. Mucosla nodularity of the bladder dome, even without gastrointestinal symptoms, should raise the possibility of regional enteritis. On the other hand, occult ureteral stenosis in patients with known regional enteritis may be present. For this reason, it is recommended that routine and periodic excretory urograms be a central part of the evaluation of the patient with regional enteritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Accuracy of biliary duct ultrasound: comparison with cholangiography.

Thirty patients were studied by diagnostic ultrasound and percutaneous transhepatic or surgical cholangiography to evaluate diagnostic accuracy in differentiating obstructive from nonobstructive hepatobiliary disease. Correct recognition of biliary duct caliber was accomplished by ultrasound in 86% of cases, and was most accurate (89%) in patients with dilated intrahepatic biliary radicals. Diagnostic ultrasound is sufficiently accurate to be a useful screening tool for determining the caliber of the biliary duct system and, on this basis, obstructive from nonobstructive hepatobiliary disease.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1975

Splenic mobility and its effect on estimates of splenic mass.

In 47 patients the posterior radionuclide views of the spleen in supine and prone positions were evaluated for difference in splenic contour and calculated splenic weight as the patient's position was changed from supine to prone. A significant change in splenic contour was found in almost 50% of the cases. Values for the mass of the spleen varied by a mean of 36% with a range of plus 195 to minus 79%. The differences are attributed primarily to changes in the position of the spleen and liver within the abdomen.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of geometric and recording system unsharpness in mammography.

Modulation transfer functions (MTFs) and test object radiographs were used to study the effect of geometric and recording system unsharpness in mammography with the CGR Senographe x-ray unit. Results show that geometric unsharpness can be a significant factor in the detection of microcalcifications within the breast, depending on the size and shape of the focal spot, the focal spot-to-recording system distance, and the object-to-recording system distance (o.r.d.). A new recording system for mammography, the DuPont Lo-dose system, requires approximately 1/15th the exposure of a direct x-ray film, such as Kodak RP/M, to provide mammograms with comparable photographic density. With the Lo-dose system, geometric unsharpness can be reduced by use of a specially designed long cone with an increased focal spot-to-recording system distance. This cannot be accomplished with direct x-ray films because the x-ray unit is operating at near-maximum output conditions even when short cones are used. Although direct x-ray films have a higher resolution than the Lo-dose system, at certain o.r.d.s total resolution is found to be affected more significantly by geometric unsharpness than by the Lo-dose recording system. In several cases, clinical results show improved detection of microcalcifications at larger o.r.d.s by the Lo-dose system with a long one, combined with a reduction by a factor of 15 in patient exposure.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dose reduction in mammography.

Two mammographic imaging systems (Xerox and Kodak Min-R) were evaluated. Three hundred consecutive mammographic examinations were performed utilizing both imaging systems. Results of these studies indicated equivalency of image detail at identical source-to-image receptor distance (SID). Patient exposure as measured by the thermoluminescent dose meter for Kodak Min-R system was approximately 25% that of Xeromammography system. Due to reduced power requirement, it is possible to increase the SID when Min-R system is employed for imaging. Improved geometric arrangement provided superior diagnostic images in 5.5% of 200 comparison cases.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastrointestinal complications of spinal cord injury.

The incidence, nature, and radiographic features of gastrointestinal complications encountered in a group of 567 consecutive spinal-cord-injury patients are reported. Eighty-seven episodes of gastrointestinal complications developed in 63 (11%) patients. During the first month postinjury, these complications consisted of ileus, gastric dilatation, the body cast syndrome, peptic ulcer disease, and pancreatitis. More chronically these patients presented with fecal impactions, peptic ulcer disease, the superior mesenteric artery syndrome, hepatitis, amyloidosis, and the precocious appearance of diverticulosis, hiatus hernia, and gastroesophageal reflux. Radiographic findings were diagnostic in the majority of cases and aided in the early diagnosis of these potentially life-threatening complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The 1995 Lindberg Award. Nonthermally mediated muscle injury and necrosis in electrical trauma.

Joule heating has long been considered the principal component of tissue damage in electrical injury. Recent studies suggest electroporation, a nonthermally mediated mechanism of cell membrane damage, is also a factor. We investigated whether electroporation-mediated muscle necrosis can occur in vivo without significant Joule heating. Pulsed electric fields approximately 150 V/cm were produced in the hind limbs of anesthetized rats. In shocked limbs core muscle temperature rose less than 1.8 degrees C, yet significant damage occurred as determined by technetium-99m pyrophosphate uptake, elevated serum creatine phosphokinase, and prominent hypercontraction band degeneration of myofibers on histopathologic examination. This study is significant because it directly addresses whether nonthermal mechanisms of cell damage can cause tissue necrosis. These results indicate that electroporation effects can mediate skeletal muscle necrosis without visible thermal changes. Thus the phenomenon of "progressive recognition" may be characteristically largely explained by the occurrence of nonthermally mediated tissue damage.

Animals↗