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Biomedical subjects

R A Greenwald

Publications and source records attributed to R A Greenwald.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Inhibition of collagen gelation by action of the superoxide radical.

Superoxide anion, a highly reactive free radical, was generated in vitro using enriched purified xanthine oxidase. Collagen solutions exposed to superoxide radical failed to gel normally when heated to 37 degrees C. The magnitude of the inhibition of gelation was propotional to duration of exposure and to flux of superoxide. Since inhibition of collagen gelation reflects alteration of collagen biochemistry, and/or collagen degradation, it is suggested that the action of free radicals produced in vivo by leukocytes may adversely affect the structural or functional integrity of cartilage and adjacent joint structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Jaundice.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

Brucella-induced cholecystitis.

Acute cholecystitis is a rare complication of systemic brucellosis. This report details the occurrence of acute noncalculous cholecystitis in which Brucella suis was cultured from both the blood and the gallbladder. A discussion of the various diagnostic tests and the recommended therapy for brucellosis is included.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Jaundice, choledocholithiasis, and a nondilated common duct.

In two cases of jaundice due to choledocholithiasis, the biliary tree was not dilated on skinny-needle transhepatic cholangiography. Visualization of the biliary tree before arriving at a diagnosis in certain cases of jaundice is needed.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1978

The effect of experimental diabetes on the molecular characteristics of soluble rat-tail tendon collagen.

Acid soluble rat-tail tendon collagen was prepared from animals rendered diabetic by treatment with either streptozotocin or alloxan and from matched controls. In comparison to the normal, the diabetic collagens consistently demonstrated decreased solubility of reconstituted fibrils, marked increase in intrinsic viscosity and a decreased ratio of alpha to beta components. Electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels revealed a marked decrease in migration of alpha1, alpha2, and beta components from both types of diabetic collagen. These data indicate that diabetic collagens are larger than normal and are capable of higher degrees of polymerization due to increased intra- and inter-molecular interactions. These changes could explain, in part, the altered response of diabetic connective tissues to inflammation and trauma.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Colonoscopic evaluation of rectal bleeding: a study of 304 patients.

We studied 258 patients with rectal bleeding and 46 patients with anemia and occult blood in the stool. All 304 patients had negative proctosigmoidoscopies, single-contrast barium studies that were negative or showed diverticula only, and colonoscopic evaluation. In the 258 patients, the overall incidence of finding significant lesions by colonoscopy was 41.5%. Twenty-nine patients (11.2%) had carcinoma and 17 patients (6.6%) had cecal telangiectasia. In the 46 patients, the overall incidence of finding significant lesions was 19.6%. Three patients with carcinoma were found in this group. A significant number of both benign and malignant lesions were detected by colonoscopy proximal to the splenic flexure. Colonoscopy should be done in patients with rectal bleeding or anemia and occult blood in the stool who have had negative proctosigmoidoscopies and single-contrast barium studies interpreted as normal or showing diverticula.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Local gangrene: a complication of peripheral Pitressin therapy for bleeding esophageal varices.

Two patients developed local gangrene after subcutaneous infiltration of vasopressin (Pitressin, Parke, Davis & Company, Detroit, Mich.) utilized for the control of bleeding from esophageal varices. In the 1st patient, ischemic gangrene resulted in transmetatarsal amputation and also necessitated skin grafts on the forearm. The 2nd patient developed gangrene and clostridial sepsis and expired. The effects of systemically administered Pitressin are reviewed and suggestion to prevent local necrosis are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Rapid diagnosis of obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic abscess with pancreaticobiliary fistula.

A case of pancreatic abscess with pancreaticobiliary fistula manifesting as obstructive jaundice of occult etiology is presented. Diagnosis was made preoperatively by skinny needle percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. In addition, a communication between the biliary tree and the pancreatic abscess cavity was demonstrated in the absence of previous biliary surgery or primary biliary tract disease. We feel this is the procedure of choice for emergency visualization of the biliary tree in a jaundiced patient where a surgically approachable lesion is suspected.

Abscess↗