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Biomedical subjects

R A Good

Publications and source records attributed to R A Good.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Hereditary C2 deficiency: Genetic studies and association with the HL-A system.

Herediatary C2-deficiency has been shown to be transmitted asn an autosomal recessive characteristic. Recent evidence indicates that some genetic factors involved in the control of the complement (C) system in both man and mice are governed by genes localized within the major histocompatibility regionmthis study describes a large pedigree of the paternal family of a C2-deficient patient with systemic lupus erythematosusl It is shown that this condition is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait, the heterozygous carriers having approximately half normal levels of C2. Furthermore, this trait was shown to be inherited in close linkage with an infrequent HL-A typw, 2,4A2. The maternal, C2-defective chromosome was shown to be transmitted by HL-AW10, W18 haplotypemthis same haplotype was described in a similar study by Fu et al. (6) to be associated with C2 deficiencymfinally, a third haplotype HL-A2,W18 carrying a defective C2 gene was demonstrated in a part of this pedigree.

Complement C2↗
PubMed1975

Ultrastructure of human organ-cultured cornea. II. Stroma and epithelium.

The stroma and epithelium of human corneas that had been stored in organ culture medium for 10 to 22 days at 37 C were examined by light and electron microscopy. Total corneal thickness was found to be doubled at ten days and there was no further increase even at 22 days. The posterior portion of the stroma was more hydrated than the anterior region. Stromal cells were reduced in number and normal-appearing cells were present only in superficial stroma. The epithelial basement membrane was irregular and thickened. Although the epithelium was reduced to three or four cells in thickness and the intercellular spaces were dilated, the epithelial cells contained normal subcellular organelles and appeared to be viable.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1975

A study of complement components C3, C5, C6, C7, C8 and C9 in chronic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, poststreptococcal nephritis, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and anaphylactoid purpura.

In a comparative study the hemolytic activity of C3, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9 and the C3 proactivator (C3PA) were measured in sera of 22 patients with chronic membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (CMPGN), 15 patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, 10 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 7 patients with anaphylactoid purpura and 10 patients with acute poststreptococcal nephritis. In CMPGN, C3, C5, C6, C7 and C8 were low in the majority of the patients, whereas C9 and C3PA were depressed only in 21% and 11% of the patients, respectively. By contrast, C3PA and C8 showed striking depressions in the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. In lupus erythematosus, all the C factors, including C3PA were found to be low with the exception of C9, which was normal in 80% of the patients studied. C3, C5, C6 and C7 were found to be depressed in acute glomerulonephritis; C8 and C9 titers were normal. In all patients studied with anaphylactoid purpura, CH50 and C3 titers were elevated markedly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Prognostic evaluation of regional lymph node morphology colorectal cancer.

Histologic sections from 143 patients treated with surgery for infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the distal large bowel were studied with emphasis on the morphologic characteristics of the regional lymph nodes. Lymph nodes were classified into four groups designated lymphocyte predominance, germinal center predominance, lymphocyte depletion, and unstimulated. Results were correlated with the extent of disease and five year survival data. There was no significant association between the histologic pattern of the lymph nodes and the extent of the primary lesion. There was a higher survival rate in patients whose nodes showed germinal center predominance (71 per cent) compared with those whose nodes showed lymphocyte predominance or the unstimulated pattern (both 54 per cent), but these results were not statistically significant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Protection of lethally irradiated mice with allogeneic fetal liver cells: influence of irradiation dose on immunologic reconstitution.

After lethal irradiation long-lived, immunologically vigorous C3Hf mice were produced by treatment with syngeneic fetal liver cells or syngeneic newborn or adult spleen cells. Treatment of lethally irradiated mice with syngeneic or allogeneic newborn thymus cells or allogeneic newborn or adult spleen cells regularly led to fatal secondary disease or graft-versus-host reactions. Treatment of the lethally irradiated mice with fetal liver cells regularly yielded long-lived, immunologically vigorous chimeras. The introduction of the fetal liver cells into the irradiated mice appeared to be followed by development of immunological tolerance of the donor cells. The findings suggest that T-cells at an early stage of differentiation are more susceptible to tolerance induction than are T-lymphocytes at later stages of differentiation. These investigations turned up a perplexing paradox which suggests that high doses of irradiation may injure the thymic stroma, rendering it less capable of supporting certain T-cell populations in the peripheral lymphoid tissue. Alternatively, the higher and not the lower dose of irradiation may have eliminated a host cell not readily derived from fetal liver precursors which represents an important helper cell in certain cell-mediated immune functions, e.g., graft-versus-host reactions, but which is not important in others, e.g., allograft rejections. The higher dose of lethal irradiation did not permit development or maintenance of a population of spleen cells that could initiate graft-versus-host reactions but did permit the development of a population of donor cells capable of achieving vigorous allograft rejection. These observations contribute to understanding of some of the persisting immunodeficiencies that are observed in man after fatal irradiation and bone marrow transplantation. These results should suggest better approaches to more effective cellular engineering for correction of immunodeficiency diseases and for treatment of immunodeficiency diseases and of leukemias and malignancies of man.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Evidence for tryosine peptide homologies in the HLA antigens system.

The tetrameric HLA antigens are composed of two heavier chains which carry the alloantigenic determinants and two lighter chains identified as beta2-microglobulin. Although at least 40 different antisera are required to define the varying HLA specificities, it appears that these antigens may be closely related to each other and to the immunoglobulins. Through the use of a new electrophoretic technique, which is able to compare simultaneously the tyrosine peptides produced from radioiodinated cell surface proteins, this report gives evidence that HLA antigens of the three chromosomal loci may have similar amino-acid sequences. Since the retention of homologous tyrosine residues and a tendency for sequence preservation surrounding these residues are features of immunoglobulin structure, this may indicate that similarly conservative evolutionary mechanisms have been operative in the HLA allelelic proteins or that immunoglobulins and HLA antigens may indeed have a common evolutionary origin.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1975

Differentiation of population of peripheral blood lymphocytes into cells bearing sheep erythrocyte receptors in vitro by human thymic extract.

A small population of human marrow cells has been shown to be differentiated in vitro by thymic extract into cells bearing T-lymphocyte (thymus-derived lymphocyte) characteristics. By a similar method, the differentiation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes has been studied. A discontinuous gradient of bovine serum albumin was used to isolate lymphocytes into four layers and cells from layers I and III demonstrated the greatest potential for differentiation by human thymic extract. Appearance of T-lymphocyte characteristics was recognized by the spontaneous E-rosette technique with sheep erythrocytes. Ability of human marrow cells to be differentiated under the influence of human thymic extract was abolished by specific inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, however, had no inhibitory effect on the maturation of peripheral blood lymphocytes during a 2 hr incubation with human thymic extract but puromycin, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, abolished this differentiative step in cells of layer I. It is suggested from these studies that many of the cells in peripheral blood that are differentiable by thymic extract are at a stage of maturation more advanced than those in human marrow that are also differentiable by thymic extract.

Amanitins↗
PubMed1975

Leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) induced by concanavalin A: standardized microassay for production in vitro.

A standardized microculture system has been developed to assess the ability of lymphocytes to secrete leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) in response to the nonspecific mitogen concanavalin(Con A). LMIF-rich supernates collected from stimulated lymphocytes cultured in plastic microtiter plates are assayed by pulse exposure of purified human granulocytes and inhibition of their migration in agarose medium. LMIF activity in this system is suppressed by the protein synthesis inhibitor puromycin, but not by inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by irradiation. It is demonstrated that normal lymphocytes stimulated with mitogen elaborate LMIF activity, while lymphocytes from malignant lymphoma patients are frequently unable to produce it. Thus, mitogen-induced mediator production may be a useful parameter in further characterization of primary and secondary immunodeficiencies.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗