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Biomedical subjects

R A Chate

Publications and source records attributed to R A Chate.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Do we really want a quick fix?

Dental practitioners have been encouraged recently to take a more structured long term view of their continuing professional development, in particular being wary of any 'weekend' courses apparently offering 'quick fix' solutions to their clinical problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

A report on the hazards encountered when taking neonatal cleft palate impressions (1983-1992).

A questionnaire was sent to 193 United Kingdom Hospital Consultant Orthodontists, in order to survey their individual involvement and clinical protocols for neonatal cleft palate impressions. Information regarding any untoward events that might have been experienced with this procedure during the period 1983-1992 was sought. Sixteen episodes where withdrawal of an impression had been extremely difficult and five respiratory obstructions due to an impression fragment were reported. Eighty-nine cyanotic events were reported, of which four resulted in asphyxiation, although none progressed to a fatality. Factors such as the level of consultants' experience or the choice of impression material used did not appear to be contributory.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1994

The burden of proof: a critical review of orthodontic claims made by some general practitioners.

The increased demand for orthodontic treatment in the developed countries has led to a recent proliferation of "motel courses" that are specifically designed for general practitioners. Most of the techniques presented are only those that have long been available for selection by discerning orthodontists. However, when they are applied exclusively and indiscriminately by inexperienced clinicians, this may result in either prolonged, unnecessary treatment or failure through instability. Therefore some of the claims that are made will be examined and discussed with a review of the literature.

Education, Dental, Continuing↗
PubMed1993

Facial scoliosis--a diagnostic dilemma.

Facial scoliosis may be caused by frontal plagiocephaly or muscular torticollis. Determining the correct cause has implications for patient management. Past confusion in the literature has led to difficulty in determining appropriate treatment plans. The correct diagnosis may be readily obtained by using a series of clinical and radiological features peculiar to each condition. Four cases are shown demonstrating these diagnostic features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cephalometric landmark identification within the petrous temporal region.

The literature is reviewed regarding the errors associated with relocating cephalometric petrous temporal landmarks. An experimental cranial fixation device, to be used with cephalostat ear rods that subsequently 'hinge away', is presented. Twenty-five consecutive cephalograms taken by this method (Group B) are compared with another two groups of 25 radiographs. The second group (Group A) constitutes those taken with perspex ear rods in situ, whilst the third group (Group C) constitutes those with wooden ear rods. The variance ratios demonstrate that the error in relocating most of the petrous temporal landmarks is significantly greater in Group B, when compared to either Group A or C. In comparing these latter two groups, the variance in Group A is greater for all these landmarks, significantly so for condylion and porion. Some possible factors contributing to these findings are discussed. It would seem that wooden ear rods produce less error in the relocation of the petrous temporal landmarks; that the absence of ear rods produces greater error; and that the presence of perspex ear rods increases the error in the relocation of anatomical porion.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1980

A cephalometric appraisal of xeroradiography.

The literature on the physics, the radiation hazard, and the current medicodental applications of xeroradiography is reviewed. A study is presented on estimating the effect of a xeroradiographic technique on the degree of inter- and intraobserver error in cephalometric landmark identification, as compared to a radiographic technique. This study involved identification by four observers of sixteen cephalometric landmarks on twelve xeroradiographs and twelve radiographs, on two separate occasions. The conclusions are that neither technique provided a significant reduction in interobserver differences. However, for eight of the thirty-two variables (nasion's Y axis, portion's X and Y axes, basion's X axis, Bolton point's X axis, anterior nasal spine's X axis, menton's Y axis, and the tip of the nose's X axis), as opposed to two (basion's Y axis and gonion's Y axis), xeroradiography produced a significant reduction in intraobserver error in comparison to radiography.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a dental practice cardiopulmonary resuscitation training scheme.

Between 1992 and 1993, 411 members of staff in 50 dental practices were trained on site in basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Eighteen months after the initial training, 25 practices which had been randomly chosen were re-visited to assess the staff's residual proficiency. Most of the evaluations made by the staff were inadequate, with either omissions or errors in technique when assessing the airway, checking for breathing, or for the presence of a pulse. There were also prolonged delays in the resuscitations, and the mean number of ventilations and compressions that were given were too few, and most were incorrect. Overall, the results lend further support to the concept of periodical supervised re-training.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗