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Biomedical subjects

R A Bowerman

Publications and source records attributed to R A Bowerman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cranial sonography of the infant treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Neonates with severe but reversible pulmonary disease may require therapy beyond conventional ventilatory care. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) serves as a temporary artificial lung for such infants. Since anticoagulation with systemic heparin is required in the extracorporeal circuit, antecedent hemorrhage may be exacerbated or new hemorrhage precipitated in ECMO patients. While the "usual" periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage seen in a premature infant may develop, contrasting hemorrhages of unusual extent, uncommon location, or demonstrating unique alterations in internal sonographic character may be precipitated, presumably due to the requisite anticoagulation. Representative examples of such variations are presented along with guidelines for the use of cranial sonography in selecting and monitoring ECMO patients.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1985

Congenital uterine anomalies and associated pregnancies: findings and pitfalls of sonographic diagnosis.

Fifteen pregnancies occurring in 13 patients with congenital uterine anomalies were analyzed. The anomalies included bicornuate uteri (nine cases), subseptate uteri (two), septated uteri (one), and uterus didelphys (one). Identification of a bilobed uterine contour with an anterior and/or posterior indentation, an eccentrically located gestational sac, and echogenic endometrial debris in the nongravid horn, reliably indicated a coexistent uterine anomaly. Uterine anomalies became difficult or impossible to identify with increasing gestational age. Entities potentially confused with uterine anomalies include cornual leiomyomata, ectopic gestation, placental septations, and uterine scarring. Awareness of the sonographic findings of pregnancies in anomalous uteri should improve their detection and may alter obstetrical management.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1985

Unilateral germinal matrix hemorrhage in the newborn.

A review of cranial ultrasound examinations performed on 426 newborns over a 42-month period demonstrated a predominance of left-sided germinal matrix hemorrhage over both right-sided and bilateral germinal matrix hemorrhage. Distribution of intraventricular or intraparenchymal hemorrhage did not show this pattern. The reasons for left-sided predominance of germinal matrix hemorrhage remain speculative, and perhaps are related to cerebrovascular anatomic differences or to hemodynamic stresses related to patency of the ductus arteriosus.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1985

Neurosurgical applications of intraoperative ultrasound.

Intraoperative sonography is becoming increasingly important in neurosurgery. In this article, the authors provide step-by-step instructions, the basics of lesion localization, sonographic characteristics of the more common brain and spine lesions, and tables of references to sonographically described lesions in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Abdominal and miscellaneous applications of intraoperative ultrasound.

Intraoperative sonography is rapidly becoming a key diagnostic tool within the operative suite. Important applications are defined within the abdomen, vascular system, and other regions of the body. Intraoperative scanning may better define the normal anatomy and target pathology than preoperative studies. As with neurosurgical applications of intraoperative ultrasound, with the use of high-resolution, high-frequency real-time transducers, multiple transducer frequencies within one probe, and probe shapes specifically designed for certain types of operations, it is anticipated that the surgical use of intraoperative ultrasound will greatly increase in the future.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Myositis ossificans progressiva and pregnancy. A therapeutic dilemma.

Myositis ossificans progressiva is a rare but progressively debilitating autosomal dominant disease characterized by extraskeletal ossification involving muscle connective tissue. This report is the first on pregnancy and induced abortion in a patient with myositis ossificans progressiva. Intraoperative sector scanning ultrasound was of limited benefit in evacuation of the uterine cavity. Conservative management of an incomplete termination resulted in no adverse sequelae.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1984

Agenesis of the corpus callosum: sonographic features.

Sonographic features of agenesis of the corpus callosum and its related intracranial abnormalities are described in four patients. A brief review of clinical, radiologic, and pathologic manifestations of agenesis of the corpus callosum is presented. Both agenesis of the corpus callosum and its potentially serious associated intracranial abnormalities can be effectively diagnosed with transfontanelle sonography.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Periventricular leukomalacia in the pre-term newborn infant: sonographic and clinical features.

The authors reviewed the cranial sonographic findings in 8 pre-term neonates, each of whom had a clinical history and neurological outcome consistent with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Initially, echogenic intraparenchymal lesions were identified in a distinctive distribution at the external angle of the lateral ventricles, radiating anteriorly from the trigone to the foramen of Monro to varying degree. With time, predominantly multiseptate cystic components developed. These sonographic features are different from those of periventricular or intraventricular hemorrhage.

Brain↗
PubMed1984

Natural history of neonatal periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage and its complications: sonographic observations.

Cranial sonography is an established procedure for the detection of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. A 3 year experience in imaging such infants is reviewed. Representative examples are presented to comprehensively illustrate the spectrum of sonographic appearances of intracranial hemorrhage and its complications from the initial hemorrhage to resolution. Diagnostic problems in the initial staging of the grade of hemorrhage and in evaluating subsequent ventricular changes are addressed.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1983

Nonobstructive fetal hydronephrosis: sonographic recognition and therapeutic implications.

The postnatal outcome of nine patients with the prenatal diagnosis of fetal hydronephrosis is reported. In only three of the nine cases was true obstructive hydronephrosis demonstrated, and in only one of these cases (11%) the patient might have benefited from decompressive surgery at the time of diagnosis of the abnormality. Twenty-nine additional cases from the literature are reviewed. It is concluded that a major deterrent to early fetal surgery is that most of the cases of obstructive hydronephrosis are identified too late in gestation.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasonographic features of hepatic adenomas in type I glycogen storage disease.

Focal hepatic masses were delineated by ultrasonography in three of five patients with type I glycogen storage disease (von Gierke's disease). Small hepatic adenomas were visualized as solitary or multiple hyperechoic solid lesions within enlarged, abnormally echogenic livers of increased attenuation. Larger adenomas were heterogeneous, with hypoechoic foci presumed to be secondary to necrosis, hemorrhage, or both. A previously unreported ultrasonographic finding is the markedly enhanced sound transmission identified deep to these solid tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Budd-Chiari syndrome: computed tomographic and ultrasonographic findings.

A case of Budd-Chiari syndrome is presented in which computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography suggested the correct diagnosis and excluded adjacent tumor as the cause of hepatic vein occlusion. The CT appearance in this case (homogeneously increased attenuation of an enlarged caudate lobe) differed from the appearance previously reported (patchy liver enhancement) in Budd-Chiari syndrome. Underlying mechanisms responsible for the different CT appearance are discussed.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome↗