Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R A Bell.
Combined gas chromatography mass spectrometry was used to separate and identify a carrageenan component suspected of being the acid ketal 4,6-O-(1-carboxyethylidene)-D-galactose. The mass spectral fragmentation pattern is presented as evidence of the presence of this component in the carrageenan from Petrocelis middendorfii (P. franciscana).
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We saw four patients with optic tract lesions and complete homonymous hemianopia. In each patient, the visual acuity was good in both eyes. All four patients had a relative afferent pupillary defect in the eye with the temporal field loss. This pupillary sign is to be expected in all such cases and may serve to differentiate acute optic tract lesions from acute geniculostriate lesions when the characteristic midnasal pallor of the nerve head has not had time to develop.
This article presents findings on an analytic comparison of two groups of persons for whom alcohol is an identical clinical or social problem--247 patients currently under treatment in a detoxification unit in a general hospital and 118 individuals who had been arrested for driving while intoxicated (DWI) and were attending a DWI school. A systematic comparison of these two groups yielded several important, statistically significant differences and it becomes increasingly apparent that distinctions can be made that permit the identification of high-risk segments of the DWI population, facilitating early diagnosis and differential treatment modes.
Glucose utilization, serum insulin, human growth hormone, and free fatty acids were studied in 18 unipolar depressed patients and 14 normal controls, using the intravenous glucose tolerance test. Patients were kept drug-free for at least two weeks before testing, and physical activity and diet were carefully controlled. Previously described abnormalities in the balance between glucose and free fatty acids were not seen, but endogenous depression was associated with lowered glucose utilization rate with insulin resistance. Changes in kinetics of membrane transport in endogenous depression which could account for this finding are discussed.
Acute epiglottitis is a disease with significant mortality. The patient, usually an otherwise healthy pre-school child, develops a sore throat and muffled voice from swollen supraglottic structures, and may progress rapidly to respiratory arrest. Early diagnosis and airway maintenance can prevent these fatalities. Whether to secure an airway by tracheostomy or endotracheal intubation is the subject of much discussion. Nineteen series totalling 738 cases of epiglottitis plus 11 new cases are reviewed. These patients were treated as follows: Tracheostomy = 348 (3 deaths - 0.86%); Endotracheal intubation = 216 (2 deaths - 0.92%); medical management with no artificial airway = 214 (13 deaths - 6.1%). The difference in morbidity and mortality between tracheostomy or nasotracheal intubation is so slight that the choice should be determined by local factors. Medical management with no artificial airway should not be used in children.
The study was done to determine the validity of William's geometric theory of tooth selection. The maxillary central incisors of 31 subjects were radiographed and photographed; casts were made of the maxillas; and the subjects' faces were photographed. Three dentists classified the form of the maxillary central incisors as shown by intraoral photographs, radiographs made by the parallelling technique, and casts, and also classified the form of the face from frontal-view photographs. The data collected were reduced by an electronic computer to determine if a correlation exists. There was no correlation between the form of the face and the form of the maxillary central incisors.
The ultrastructure of seven different types of neurosecretory cells (NSC) found in the medial and lateral areas of the brain of diapausing Manduca sexta is described. The five different types of NSC in the medial area have characteristic differences in their shape, size, neurosecretory granules (NSG), and the morphology of their organelles. The cell types of the medial area accumulated the NSG, but did not appear to be synthesizing and packaging new NSG, whereas the NSC in the lateral region were synthesizing and packaging NSG during diapause. The possible significance of the relationship between the lateral and medial cells is discussed.
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A sample of 122 DPs was compared to a "normative" sample of CSRs. The presentation of psychiatric disorder scores and numbers and kind of stressful life events was detailed. Results of this comparative analysis suggest that research that focuses on high psychiatric disorder-controlling for life events is in order. Furthermore, therapeutic intervention must obviously take into account the iterative nature of alcohol and stressful life events. Also, these findings suggest and support the role of life stress in the possible formation of alcoholism.
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A patient had visual field loss and optochiasmatic arachnoiditis and subsequently developed other evidence of multiple sclerosis. The possibility is raised that many of the "idiopathic" cases of optochiasmatic arachnoiditis may have a similar origin. Special emphasis is placed on the functional role of the fibrosis in the pathogenesis of optochiasmatic arachnoiditis.
The mitochondria found in the neurons of the frontal ganglion of Manduca sexta contained numerous mitoribosomes. The mitochondria of the glial and perineural cells did not contain mitoribosomes. The mitoribosomes were digested in RNase whereas phospholipase C digested the cellular membranes but had no effect on the mitoribosomes.