Quanxin Gao | Search PubMed

PubMed2026

Seawater type shapes larval development, intestinal microbiota, and water quality in Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

Giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) has high economic value and extensive aquaculture prospects, and larval quality critically restricts the sustainable development of the industry. To investigate the effects of different seawater sources on larval survival and growth, artificial seawater, natural seawater from Beibu Gulf (China) and East China Sea (China) were used as culture media to compare their influences on larval development and intestinal microbiota of M. rosenbergii. Significant intergroup differences were observed in cultivation outcomes. The larval emergence rate reached the maximum value of 52.1% in Group G (Beibu Gulf natural seawater), followed by 43.57% in Group R (artificial seawater), and only 36.4% in Group Z (East China Sea natural seawater), indicating distinct larval emergence gaps and a gradual decline in larval development efficiency. Intestinal microbiota analysis indicated that Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota and Bacillota were the dominant phyla in all three groups. The relative abundance of Bacillota increased significantly in Group G on day 10. LEfSe analysis proved that this group owned the most stable microbial structure and highest community diversity, and pronounced structural fluctuations occurred in Group R, suggesting that intestinal microbial profiles can reflect larval developmental conditions. Correlation analysis showed that gut microbial composition was closely correlated with water environmental parameters, and microbial metabolic pathways were strongly associated with larval growth and development. This study indicates that natural seawater from the Beibu Gulf of China is more suitable for healthy larval cultivation of M. rosenbergii. Structural stability and diversity of intestinal microbiota are key factors affecting larval growth. The results offer theoretical references for optimizing artificial seawater formula and improving larval rearing efficiency.

16S rRNA↗

PubMed2025

Interaction of host gene-gut microbiota in male grading of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

UNLABELLED: The giant freshwater prawn (GFP; Macrobrachium rosenbergii), a crustacean of high nutritional and economic value, is crucial for aquaculture. During the same growth cycle, male GFPs develop into three distinct forms: small males, orange claw males, and blue claw males. These morphotypes display varying social behaviors, which severely constrain their industrial development. To address this, this study collected male GFP samples at critical developmental time points (100, 110, and 120 days post-hatching) for phenotypic trait measurement and analysis to obtain external morphological data. Through gut microbiota diversity analysis, we identified key gut bacteria (Lactococcus garvieae and Lactobacillus taiwanensis) influencing male morphotype differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed host Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathways and key genes (Wnt-6, CTSB, CTSL, PPAE, and TP53) associated with morphotype differentiation. The interactions among phenotypic traits, gut microbiota, and key genes were systematically studied through association analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was employed to construct co-expression modules, from which critical gene modules influencing phenotypic variation were identified. Through association network analysis, we established an "Achromobacter-CD-TRINITY_DN93139_c0_g2 (calpain clp-1)" interaction model. Our findings provide novel insights into the genetic enhancement of GFPs and offer guidelines for future research regarding gut symbiotic bacteria and breeding initiatives. IMPORTANCE: Male Macrobrachium rosenbergii (giant freshwater prawn [GFP]) in the same growth cycle will develop into small males, orange claw males, and blue claw males. This individual heterogeneity in growth significantly impacts the benefits of aquaculture. However, the factors influencing the differentiation of male GFP morphotype remain unclear. This study analyzed the phenotypic data of various GFP levels, the structure of the intestinal microbiota, and the differential genes within the gonadal transcriptome at critical time points of male GFP-level type differentiation. The aim was to explore the potential role of intestinal microbiota and differential genes in this phenomenon. This study offers new insights into the research on the phenomenon of male GFP-level type differentiation.

Animals↗