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PubMed2026

Effects and mechanisms of Stauntonia brachyanthera Hand.-Mazz against Alzheimer's disease through network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Stauntonia brachyanthera Hand.-Mazz. (SB), a traditional medicinal plant of the Dong ethnic group with nutraceutical applications, exhibits broad-spectrum pharmacological activity. However, the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of SB on Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective potential and underlying mechanisms of SB against AD. We utilized network pharmacology and molecular docking to predict the active components, targets, and pathways of SB associated with AD treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were further used to identify potential therapeutic targets and underlying mechanisms of SB in relation to AD. Then, the neuroprotective effects, neuronal differentiation-promoting activity and potential mechanism of key active components of SB on the main therapeutic targets were verified by in vitro experiments. The network pharmacological prediction results showed that the treatment of AD with SB was closely related to MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Further experiments showed that the SB active component kaempferol (KMF) alleviated Aβ1-42-induced injury and promoted neuronal differentiation. Additionally, we found that KMF-mediated promotion of neuronal differentiation in N2a cells was dependent on the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. In this study, we employed a combined computational-experimental approach to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanisms of SB against Alzheimer's disease. We further validated KMF as a key active component of SB that alleviates Aβ1-42-induced injury and promotes neuronal differentiation through the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways.

Alzheimer's disease↗

PubMed2025

Chromosomal instability by low-coverage whole-genome sequencing assay predicts prognosis in bladder cancer patients underwent radical cystectomy.

PURPOSE: To investigate chromosomal instability (CIN) in tumor tissue from radical bladder resection and to evaluate whether it can be used as a biomarker for the molecular typing of (BC). METHODS: DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of 50 BC patients who were followed up to March 23 2023 using the Qiagen nucleic acid kits. We analyzed CIN in tumor of bladder by low-coverage whole genome sequencing (LC-WGS). Kaplan-Meier log-rank test was used to perform survival analysis. The association between variables and overall and progression-free survival was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: There were 44 genome segments with statistically significant changes in copy number. CIN was significantly correlated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, relapse and survival status. Patients with high CIN were found to have a worse survival, with a median overall survival (OS) of 15 months. In addition, patients with high CIN were more likely to relapse, with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 7 months. Patients with low CIN showed better OS and PFS. However, there was no significant difference in OS and PFS between T2 and T3-T4 patients. Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that high CIN was an independent predictor of OS, and high CIN and muscle invasion were independent predictors of PFS. Furthermore, patients with abnormal copy number of a single chromosome also had a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 14-30 months for OS and 5-10 months for PFS, while negative patients had a better prognosis. CONCLUSION: CIN was significantly correlated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, relapse and survival status of BC. Patients with high CIN or abnormal copy numbers of a single chromosome have a poor prognosis. CIN might be better than T stage in predicting the prognosis of patients with BC. Molecular typing of CIN can be used as an independent prognostic factor for BC.

Humans↗