Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Q Zhang.
Reported in this paper is a method for determining paeoniflorin by TLCS paeoniflorin was separated from the interfering substances by TLC. The average recovery rate was 99.60% and the variation coefficient of the results was 3.67%. This method can be used for grading white peony root and fufang baishao Tablets.
In order to study the mechanism of pressor response to central osmotic stimulation, rats were administered with hypertonic artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) intracerebroventricularly. Carotid arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded. Ten minutes after administration, blood samples, hypothalamus and hypophysis were taken for the determination of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and vasopressin (AVP) by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that after central administration of hypertonic ACSF, the plasma level of AVP increased significantly with no apparent change in ANP. In hypothalamus and hypophysis, the content of ANP was increased while that of AVP decreased.
In order to study whether atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is involved in the depressor effect of clonidine, microinjection of the latter into nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) was carried out in anesthetized stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRsp) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Each strain was randomly divided into three groups by injecting: (1) clonidine (1.0 microgram/0.2 microliter); (2) yohimbine (3.3 micrograms/0.2 microliter) followed by (1); (3) artificial cerebral spinal fluid (ACSF, 0.2 microliter) as control. A decrease of blood pressure and heart rate and a suppression of ANF release elicited by clonidine were significantly greater in SHRsp than in WKY rats. After blockade of alpha 2-receptor with yohimbine, the hypotensive effect of clonidine was blocked completely in WKY rats, but only partially in SHRsp, while the suppression effect on ANF release was eliminated in both strains. In addition, the decrease of plasma catecholamine produced by clonidine could also be blocked after yohimbine. The results suggest that ANF probably does not contribute to the depressor effect of centrally administered clonidine, while in SHRsp the decrease of plasma ANF might be a blood pressure-dependent compensatory response.
We reported the detailed characteristics of Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi), strain H7, isolated from Ixodes persulcatus in Heilongjiang. Cells of strain H7 were 9.8--26.5 microns long and 0.13--0.35 microns wide. There were 1--11 waves with a wavelength of 1.2--3.0 microns and an amplitude of 0.59--1.13 microns. Direction of spires was left. Seven flagella were inserted subterminally at each end of the cell and ends were pointed. 31 degrees C was the optimum cultural temperature in vitro. The major constitutional and antigenic proteins were 21k, 32k and 34k proteins. H7 could react on the patient sera of Xinjiang and Heilongjiang with IFA and western blot. These findings demonstrated that strain H7 belonged to species Borrelia burgdorferi, but was a new "subtype" which differed from the strains isolated from other areas and vectors.
Acute experiments were performed on 20 guinea pigs. The animals were divided at random into four groups of five each: the non-acupuncture group for control and three electroacupuncture groups (EA-I, EA-II, EA-III). Four pairs of platinum-wire electrodes were implanted under serosa of the antrum and corpus, duodenum, jejunum. The gastroenteric electric activity (GEA) was recorded in conscious and fasting state. Needling was applied at position 1 cm below the knee, corresponding to Zusanli. The peripheral vomiting model was established by infusion of CuSO4 into the stomach. Observation was made with regard to latency of vomiting induced by infusion of CuSO4, duration of the symptom, number of fits in the first five minutes after the attack began, and the variation of amplitude and frequency of GEA. The results were as follows: (1) The GEA of normal guinea pigs showed regular cyclic changes. After latency of 3.7 seconds following the infusion, symptom of vomiting began appear. The GEA returned to normal after latency of 60 minutes. (2) During vomiting, the GEA was characterized by a series of spikes which were seen more obviously in the antrum and corpus; during serious fits of vomiting, duodenum and jejunum were involved. The GEA showed disordered and quicker rhythm with higher amplitude and frequency. (3) EA could not affect the latency of the peripheral vomiting, but it could shorten the duration of the symptom. Results of group EA-II (p less than 0.001) showed EA could reduce the number of fits during the first five minutes; results of group EA-I (p less than 0.01) showed that EA could lower the amplitude and frequency of the GEA (p less than 0.05) that rose during vomiting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A gas chromatographic method for the determination of free and total cholesterol in natural bezoar has been established in this report. The method is simple, specific and accurate. The free and total cholesterol contents in three kinds of bezoar are between 0.072% to 0.214% and 0.546% to 0.608% respectively.
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Demineralizing extracts of porcine bone contain two large 66-80-kDa sialoproteins and smaller 20- and 23-kDa glycoproteins with similar chemical properties. Each protein was characterized following extraction from fetal calvariae and purification under dissociative conditions using Sepharose CL-6B, followed by fast protein liquid chromatography fractionation on hydroxyapatite and Mono Q resins. Unlike the large sialoproteins, the 20- and 23-kDa glycoproteins did not contain sialic acid. Nevertheless, affinity-purified antibodies raised against the 23-kDa protein recognized both the 20-kDa protein and a 67-kDa sialoprotein on immunoblots. These antibodies also immunoprecipitated a 60-kDa [35S]methionine-labeled protein produced by cell-free synthesis of calvarial bone mRNA, indicating that the smaller proteins were derived from the 67-kDa protein. The two sialoproteins were shown by primary sequence analysis to be secreted phosphoprotein I (SPPI, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein I) and bone sialoprotein (BSP, bone sialoprotein II). The SPPI was also characterized by its susceptibility to thrombin which produced a 23-kDa fragment, similar to the glycoprotein isolated, and a 30-kDa fragment. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of the 23- and 20-kDa proteins revealed that these proteins were derived from the carboxyl-terminal half of the SPPI molecule, the proteins showing 58% identity with human and rat, and 50% identity with mouse, SPPI sequences. Both the 23- and 20-kDa proteins appeared to be generated by the activity of an endogenous trypsin-like protease that cleaves at Arg-Ser (residues 155-156) and Lys-Ala (residues 182-183) bonds. Radiolabeling studies performed in vitro showed that the 23-kDa fragment was detectable in mineralized tissue within 4 h. The fragment was phosphorylated but, unlike SPPI, was not sulfated. The rapid generation of the 23-kDa glycoprotein and its presence in different bone tissues at different developmental stages indicate that the fragmentation of SPPI is important in bone formation and remodeling.
Twenty rDNA spacer-length variants (slvs) have been identified in barley. These slvs form a ladder in which each variant (with one exception) differs from its immediate neighbors by a 115-bp subrepeat. The 20 slvs are organized in two families, one forming an eight-step ladder (slvs 100-107) in the nucleolus organizer region (NOR) of chromosome 7 and the other a 12-step ladder (slvs 108a-118) in the NOR of chromosome 6. The eight shorter slvs (100-107) segregate and serve as markers of eight alleles of Mendelian locus Rrn2 and the 12 longer slvs (108a-118) segregate and serve as markers of 12 alleles of Mendelian locus Rrn1. Most barley plants (90%) are homozygous for two alleles, including one from each the 100-107 and the 108a-118 series. Two types of departures from this typical pattern of molecular and genetic organization were identified, one featuring compound alleles marked by two slvs of Rrn1 or of Rrn2, and the other featuring presence in Rrn1 of alleles normally found in Rrn2, and vice versa. The individual and joint effects on adaptedness of the rDNA alleles are discussed. It was concluded that selection acting on specific genotypes plays a major role in molding the strikingly different allelic and genotypic frequency distributions seen in populations of wild and cultivated barley from different ecogeographical regions.
Six chemical compounds isolated from the leaves and stems of Ardisia pusilla were identified as gallic acid (I), succinic acid (II), naringenin-6-C-glucoside (III), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-galactoside (IV) by chemical and spectroscopic analysis. They were isolated from Ardisia plant for the first time.
Applying recombinant DNA techniques, the structures of red pigment gene (RPG) and green pigment gene (GPG) were analyzed for 43 patients with protan or deutan (including 3 females), 4 normal relatives and 3 carriers out of 3 families, as well as 11 normal controls. Abnormality of RPG was detected in all 19 protan and that of GPG was found in 14 out of 24 deutan. In about 80% (32/40) of protan and deutan the changing of exon 5 for RPG or GPG was discovered. In protan the normal RPG was replaced by a 5' red -3' green hybrid gene. Some of the deutan had no GPG, some had 5' green -3' red hybrid gene with or without GPG. Furthermore, the exon 5 of RPG and GPG was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further analyzed by Rsa I digestion. The results for PCR are identical to that of Southern blot hybridization.
Promethazine, one of histaminergic H1-receptor antagonist, was often used as an adjuvant drug prior to and during acupuncture anesthesia in clinics, However, its effects was not known clearly. By using potassium iontophoretic dolorimetry and stimulating unilateral "Hegu" and "Waiguan" points with electroacupuncture (EA) in 42 rabbits, we found that Promethazine could drop the pain threshold in small dosages (0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg) and raise the pain threshold in relatively large dosages (2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg). In different dosages (1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg), promethazine could attenuate the analgesic effect of EA. It was suggested that promethazine should be used carefully in acupuncture anaesthesia.
In fasting and anaesthetic rabbits, the experimental model of gastric dysrhythmia could be produced by electric stimulation of inferior phrenicus vagus and splanchnic nerve for innervation of corpus and antrum, or by left gastric artery infusion of Adr, Ach and glucagon at a steady velocity. The results were as follows: (1) Electrical stimulation of inferior phrenicus vagus at low frequency and intensity could increase the frequency and amplitude of basic electric rhythmia (BER) or slow wave (P less than 0.01), and might induced tachygastria and tachyarrhythmia. Electrical stimulation of splanchnic nerve could increase the frequency and amplitude of BER (P less than 0.05), and might induced bradygastria. (2) Bradygastria could be elicited by left gastric artery infusion of Adr (400 micrograms/kg/h). The frequency and amplitude of BER induced were decreased. Tachyarrhythmia could be elicited by infusion of Ach (400 micrograms/kg/h). The frequency and amplitude of BER induced were increased. Dysrhythmia of BER could be elicited by infusion of glucagon (400 micrograms/kg/h). (3) Electroacupuncture of "Zusanli" acupoint may exhibit double modulated effects on experimental model of gastric dysrhythmia. Different types of gastric dysrhythmia including tachygastria, bradygastria and tachyarrhythmia could turned to approach the normal gastric myoelectric activity. It is revealed that such effects of electroacupuncture may be mediated via autonomic nerve and peripheric special receptors.
Transformation of the recombinant plasmid pAT153 containing human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gene Hind III F fragment into E.coli strain HB 101 was made by the CaCl2 method with a 24% of transformation efficiency. The bacterial colonies containing the recombinant plasmid were selected in colony hybridization with 32P-labelled HCMV Hind III F fragment. The recombinant plasmid was isolated by the modified alkaline lysis method which is characterized by high quality, great quantity, and time-saving. HCMV Hind III F fragment has no homology to the other herpes virus. The 32P-labelled HCMV Hind III F fragment probe could detect 0.25 pg homological sequences of HCMV DNA. The use of this probe allows the detection of HCMV in clinical specimens with the advantages of quickness, good sensitivity and specificity.
Cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) which are extracted with CH3OH from Bezoar can be separated on HPTLC silica gel plate (made in China) with isooctane-n-butyl acetate-acetic acid (4:2:1), and the three bile acids were determined by TLC densitometry.
Applying recombinant DNA techniques, the structures of red pigment gene (RPG) and green pigment gene (GPG) were analyzed for 43 patients with protan or deutan (including 3 females), 4 normal relatives and 3 carriers out of 3 families, as well as 11 normal controls. Abnormality of RPG was detected in all 19 protan and that of GPG was found in 14 out of 24 deutan. In about 80% (32/40) of protan and deutan the changing of exon 5 for RPG or GPG was discovered. In protan the normal RPG was replaced by a 5' red -3' green hybrid gene. Some of the deutan had no GPG, some had 5' green -3' red hybrid gene with or without GPG. Furthermore, the exon 5 of RPG and GPG was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further analyzed by Rsa I digestion. The results for PCR are identical to that of Southern blot hybridization.
The phenotypes of lymphoid cells from twelve patients with mycosis fungoides (including 5 patients in the tumor stage and 7 in the pretumor stage) were determined immunohistochemically using anti-thymocyte monoclonal antibodies (HIT1, HIT2, and Leu 6). The results showed significant differences between the numbers of HIT1 and HIT2 positive cells in tumor and pretumor stage lesions, indicating that these two monoclonal antibodies may be of help in the staging of mycosis fungoides and in making a prognosis. Also, we found that some Leu 6 (+) cells in tumor stage lesions were round or oval in shape without dendritic processes, suggesting that they may be immature lymphocytes.
Molluscicidal effect of bromoacetamide against the snails in laboratory and field trials were observed. Grassland of Guiliu River in Keerqinyouyiquanqi District, Neimengol Autonomous Region was selected for field trials. The results showed that bromoacetamide was fairly effective against Ganesella virgo, the intermediate host of Dicrocoelium chinensis and Eurytrema pancreaticum. In field trials, 7 days after spraying at a dosage of 0.5g/m2, 74.7-84.7% of snails were killed. When a dosage of 1g/m2 was used, the mortality of snails reached 84.8-95.7%.