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Biomedical subjects

Q Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to Q Zhang.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Anti-tumor effect of cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced by soluble antigen of ovarian carcinoma and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody on ovarian carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the new method--adoptive cell immunotherapy on ovarian carcinoma. METHODS: Tumor soluble antigen (TSA) was extracted from cells of ovarian carcinoma (COC1 and COC2n). To generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from healthy persons were induced by TSA and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (CD3-McAb). The antitumor effect of CTL on COC1 cells in vitro was compared with LAK and CD3-AK, whereas the growth inhibitory effect of CTL on COC2n transplantation tumors in nude mice was compared with CD3-AK. RESULTS: The cytotoxicity of CTL, CD3-AK and LAK was 79.4%, 52.1% and 51.7% respectively (P < 0.01). Mean volume of tumor in nude mice on the 9th day after ovarian carcinoma cells transplanted was 44.4 +/- 24.2 mm3 in CTL group, 118.8 +/- 40.0 mm3 in CD3-AK group and 443.0 +/- 158.7 mm3 in control (no treatment) (P < 0.01), whereas mean duration of survival was 28.5 days, 25.5 days and 17 days respectively (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The results indicated that CTL exhibited higher cytotoxic effect in vitro and greater inhibitory effect on tumor growth resulting in longer survival in vivo. It suggested that the adoptive cell immunotherapy might provide a new idea for treatment of ovarian carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Telomerase activity in human gastric and colorectal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study telomerase activity in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer. METHODS: Telomerase activity in tumor samples, including 9 colonic, 20 rectal and 11 gastric carcinomas, was examined by telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) assay. Thirty-nine samples from tumor-adjacent tissues were also assayed. RESULTS: Ninety per cent(36 out of 40 tumor samples) exhibited telomerase activity regardless of tumor stage or differentiation. However, telomerase activity in the tumor-adjacent tissues could be detected only in 1 of 39 specimens. CONCLUSION: Telomerase may be a good diagnostic biomarker for tumor detection.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[CYP2D6 and GSTM1 genetic polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between CYP2D6 and GSTM1 genetic polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility among Cantonese in China. METHODS: In a case-control study, PCR was used to identify CYP2D6 and GSTM1 genotypes and restriction enzyme BstNI was used to identify a specific point mutation of CYP2D6. RESULTS: Between lung cancer patient group and normal control group CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism did not show frequency distribution differences but that of GSTM1 did (58.7% n = 46, 35.7%, n = 70, P < 0.05) OR = 2.56(1.11-2.44). CONCLUSION: There is no association between CYP2D6 G-A mutation and lung cancer susceptibility, while individuals with GSTM1 -/- genotype are susceptible to lung cancer.

Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6↗
PubMed1998

[Somastostatin and growth hormone in preventing liver damage due to acute necrotizing pancreatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of somastostatin and growth hormone in preventing liver damage due to ANP. METHODS: The roles of inflammatory mediators (Endotoxin, Amylase, TNF alpha) were investigated in ANP model by retrograde injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate 2.5 ml/kg into the pancreatic duct, and TNF alpha mRNA in the liver after ANP was observed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Besides, the effects of somastostain and growth hormone were also observed. RESULTS: ANP caused remarkable elevation of those inflammatory mediators, being positively correlated with the development of pancreas and liver damage. Somastostain and growth hormone inhibited the inflammatory mediates and TNF alpha mRNA overexpression and reduced the damage to the pancreas and liver. CONCLUSIONS: TNF alpha plays an important role in ANP progression, and somastostatin and growth hormone may prevent the development and progression of liver damage due to ANP.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Transnasal endoscopic surgery of skull base].

This article will discuss our experience in managing 54 cases of benign and malignant lesions of skull base using endoscopic transnasal approaches surgery technique since 1991, emphasizing general principles for management and specific details for individual lesions including cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea repair, optic nerve decompression, obliteration of empty sella, pituitary tumor resection, and malignant tumor resection. In the result, endoscopic transnasal approach were used successfully in all the cases, it indicates that the new technique is a safe, valuable and efficient procedure for management of some lesions of skull base.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Silence nature of otitis media].

To explore the silence nature of otitis media, the temporal bone slides from 306 ear with various types of otitis media were studied histopathologically under the light microscopy and their case histories were reviewed at the Otopathology Laboratory, the University of Minnesota Otitis Media Research Center U.S.A. The results showed that 80.97% of otitis media cases lacked clinical symptoms in pathologic process. The subnormal function status of the eustachian tube and the low-degree infection in pathologic process of otitis media probably are basic causes of silence nature of otitis media. The anatomic specialty of ventilation/drainage system of middle ear cleft and the inflammatory pathologic change causing obstruction of internal ventilation/drainage system and leading to the retention of effusion in posterior areas of middle ear cleft may be are important factors for the development of obstinate pathologic change and silence nature of pathologic process of chronic otitis media.

Eustachian Tube↗
PubMed1998

Long-term efficacy of recombinant interferon alpha 2a in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomized prospective study comparing two dose schedules in Chinese patients.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term efficacy of a dose of 3 million units (MU) of r-IFN alpha 2a (IFN-alpha 2a) three times a week (t.i.w.) for 6 months with a starting dose 6 MU for 3 months and subsequent reduction to 3 MU t.i.w for further 3 months. METHODS: Sixty-eight serological and histological chronic hepatitis C patients with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were enrolled and randomized into two groups. Sixty-three patients were completed with full course of treatment. Five patients were withdrawn from trial (2 due to personal reasons and 3 due to adverse drug reactions during treatment). Thirty patients received 6 MU IFN-alpha 2a t.i.w., 3 months followed by 3 MU t.i.w. for another 3 months (Group A). Thirty-three patients received 3 MU IFN-alpha 2a t.i.w. for 6 months (Group B). RESULTS: The sex, age, baseline serum bilirubin, ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were matched in both groups. At the end of the 6th month, the complete and partial response rates in Group A were 60.0% and 16.7% respectively, and the clearance of serum HCV-RNA was 53.3%. In Group B, the complete and partial response rates were 72.7% and 6.1% respectively, and the clearance of HCV-RNA was 61.3%. The patients were followed up for 6, 12, and 18 months after stopping treatment. In Group A, the rates of complete normalization of ALT and clearance of serum HCV-RNA at 24 months were 50.0% and 60.0% respectively. In Group B, the rates of normalization of ALT and clearance of HCV-RNA at 24 months were 54.4% and 41.9% respectively. The efficacy between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference. The response rates of treatment were similar to those in the patients with HCV genotype 1b and 2a. Six patients (10.8% of the study population) developed neutralization antibodies to IFN-alpha 2a during treatment, and four of them were responded to the treatment. Adverse drug reactions (ADR), were common, but most of them were tolerable, and the incidence of ADR was in both groups, but the severity was higher in Group A. CONCLUSIONS: IFN-alpha 2a is effective in the treatment of Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C. The sustained response rates and adverse drug reactions among two dose schedule groups are similar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Hypercoagulable state and disseminated intravascular coagulation following an effective chemotherapy in tumor-bearing rats.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the changes in blood coagulation system and clarify the related mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation. METHODS: Changes in blood coagulation system and immunohistochemistry for fibrinogen were investigated in six groups of rats designed for different purposes. RESULTS: Decreased platelet count, prolonged prothrombin time and active partial thromboplastin time, elevated fibrinogen level, and decreased antithrombin were observed in the rats receiving a newly developed chemotherapy (NDC group), in which mitomycin C was administered intravenously together with angiotensin. Accumulation of fibrinogen and microthrombi in the blood vessels of multiple organs were also found in the NDC group by immunohistochemistry and histopathological examination. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid reduction of tumor mass induced by an effective chemotherapy could cause hypercoagulable state and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Angiotensins↗
PubMed1998

[A clinicopathological analysis of primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the CNS].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the difference between cerebellar medulloblastoma (MB) and primary cerebral small cell tumor in histogenesis, morphologic features and biological behavior. METHODS: 210 cases of MB and 9 cases of small cell tumor of cerebrum were observed with histologic and immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS: Both tumors were composed of primitive cells with focal evidence of glial and/or neuronal differentiation. In 63.2% of MB and five-eighths of small cell tumor of cerebrum coexpressed GFAP and Syn. Both types of tumors were highly malignant. The overall 1 year survival rates were 34.63% and 25.65% respectively. The survival rate was lower for patients with high proliferative index, with necrosis or without receiving radiation therapy. CONCLUSION: MB is similar to other small cell tumors of CNS in morphological features, specific marker expression and biological behavior. These tumors can be classified as primitive neuro-ectodermal tumors (PNET).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Comparative studies of ciliary epithelial morphological and radiologic findings in the osteomeatal complex].

In this study, we evaluated quantitatively preoperative coronal CT scan in 30 nasal cavities of 22 patients with chronic sinusitis who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. The ciliated area of the osteomeatal complex (OMC) from these patients was quantitatively observed by scanning electron microscope and image analysis. Our results showed a positive correlation between ciliary epithelial pathological changes in OMC and disease degree of this area in CT scan.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The surgical management of the carotid artery involved with the head and neck cancer].

To discuss the possibility of resection of the carotid artery involved with head and neck cancer without reconstruction. 5 cases of tumor fixed to segment of the carotid artery block were resected, among them 4 without reconstruction and only 1 artery anastomosed. None of them experienced cerebrovascular complications. 3 cases survived two years long, and 2 is now under follow-up. The selective resection of the carotid artery without reconstruction was practical if well prepared.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Endoscopic transsphenoidal approach in surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas].

OBJECTIVE: To recognize the indications and the value of endoscopic transsphenoidal approach in surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas. METHODS: The management of pituitary adenomas in 24 patients was reviewed. RESULTS: Endoscopic transnasal transspheniodal approach was used successfully in 24 cases and endoscopic transseptal transsphenoidal approach was used successfully in 4 cases, total tumor resection in 23 cases and subtotal resection in 1 case were achieved. CONCLUSION: This new technique offered a simple and rapid access to the sella turcica, and also, direct visualization which improve the surgeon's ability to resect tumors, it is a safe, valuable and efficient procedure for removing pituitary adenomas. The indications and management of the complications of endoscopic pituitary surgery were discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

[Surgery of advanced clival tumors].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of surgical procedures on tumor 27 patients with advanced clival tumors during the last 9 years. METHODS: Four different kinds of surgical approaches were selected and used according to preoperative clinical and radiographic findings, and the complications and the long-term survival rates were evaluated after the surgical procedures. RESULTS: All of the 8 patients with benign clival tumors (6 cases with chordomas and 2 with meningiomas) had over 2-8 years survival and no severe complications after the surgical procedures and adjuvant radiotherapy. Fourteen of the 19 patients with malignant tumors had over 2-6 years survival (a survival rate of 73.7%) after the surgical procedures, the adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Surgery of the clivus appears to be worthwhile procedure for improving outcome of the patients with advanced clival tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Effect of tail suspension on mitochondrial Ca2+ and Mg2+ and parameters of electron microscopic morphometry in rats' skeletal muscle].

Changes of mitochondrial Ca2+, mitochondrial Mg2+ and parameters of electron microscopic morphometry in rats' skeletal muscle after 15 or 30 d tail suspension were observed. The results showed that mitochondrial Ca2+ [correction of Ma2+] mitochondrial Mg2+ increased and morphometry of mitochondrial in skeletal muscle showed that volume density (Vv), surface density (Sv), numerical density (Nv) increased. Mean volume (V) decreased. Specific surface increased in soleus muscle, while that parameter remain unchanged in gastrocnemus musles. It suggests that these changes may be denoted to the decrease of muscular contractive function in simulated weightlessness.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Validity of Sternberg dualtask in evaluating flight ability and effect of educational factor].

Validity of the Sternberg dualtask (tracking task and remember) for evaluating flight ability of military pilots, and the influencing factors were studied in 112 grade pilots with different educational levels, ages and kinds of planes. The evaluations of their flight ability were made by their leaders using the multiple-criterion evaluation system. The results showed: the Sternberg dualtask can be used to evaluate the abilities of rapid reaction of operating fighters; the influence of the educational level and age should be considered during evaluating flight ability. It suggests that the Sternberg dualtask is very effective in evaluating flight ability, and it shows that fighter pilots with high educational level, age from 25 to 29, are best candidates for astronauts in China.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Chemical constituents of Phyllanthus urinaria L. and its antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus].

Studies on the chemical constituents of Phyllanthus urinaria and its antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus were completed. Eleven compounds have been isolated. Two of them are new compounds methyl ester dehydrochebulic acid and methyl brevifolin carboxylate. Antiviral experiments on HBsAg in vitro and liver damage caused by CCl4 have shown that. Phyllanthus urinaria possesses antiviral activities against HBV.

Animals↗