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Biomedical subjects

Q X Wu

Publications and source records attributed to Q X Wu.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Serological activity of natural disaccharide octyl bovine serum albumin (ND-O-BSA) in sera from patients with leprosy, tuberculosis, and normal controls.

We studied the natural disaccharide-octyl-bovine serum albumin (ND-O-BSA) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera from 151 leprosy patients, 20 tuberculosis patients, and 42 normal persons from a nonendemic area. The three ELISAs, whole Mycobacterium leprae (WML), phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I), and ND-O-BSA, are all highly sensitive for detecting antibodies against M. leprae. The results indicate that the serological activity has highly significant, positive correlations among the three types of antigens used. Their positivity rates are 100% with PGL-I and 97.4% with WML and ND-O-BSA in leprosy patients, and 0% with any antigen used in normal persons at NV-a (a supposed theoretical normal value). However, all three antigens show crossreactivity with tuberculosis patients at different levels. At NV-c (a supposed practical normal value, PNV), this crossreaction significantly decreased in the WML ELISA (PNV = 0.28) and the PGL-I ELISA (PNV = 0.16), and disappeared in the ND-O-BSA ELISA (PNV = 0.20). Under the same conditions, the positivity rates did not decrease significantly in leprosy patients, especially in multibacillary patients. Therefore, we suggest that the PGL-I ELISA in combination with the ND-O-BSA ELISA may be very useful for clinical applications, serodiagnosis, and for the study of subclinical infection in leprosy.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

Separation of the 100-kDa membrane protein mediating ADP-induced platelet shape change and activation from glycoprotein IIIa.

The following lines of evidence suggest that MP100, a putative ADP receptor, and GPIIIa are distinct proteins. [3H]FSBA incorporated equally into normal and thrombasthenic platelets (less than 5% GPIIIa), quantitatively as well as qualitatively. The dose-dependent inhibition of ADP-induced platelet shape change by FSBA is identical for normal and thrombasthenic platelets. Polyclonal rabbit antibodies precipitate MP100 and GPIIIa, but monoclonal antibodies directed against GPIIb/GPIIIa complex GPIIIa and P1A1 fail to precipitate the ADP receptor protein. A monoclonal antibody which inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding fails to inhibit ADP-induced shape change. Thus, both functional and immunochemical evidence clearly indicates the distinct character of the ADP and fibrinogen receptors. We hypothesize that conformational changes in an ADP receptor on binding ADP or proteolytic changes as with chymotrypsin digestion may be responsible for exposure of the normally latent fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/GPIIIa complex).

Adenosine↗
PubMed1985

Determination of antibodies in dried blood from earlobes of leprosy patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay--a preliminary report.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used with soluble antigens of Mycobacterium leprae. All blood samples collected from the earlobes of 109 leprosy patients and 100 healthy controls (from a non-endemic area of leprosy) were absorbed with M. vaccae, BCG, cardiolipin, and lecithin according to the technology of the FLA-ABS test before being tested in the ELISA. The results (at a 1:200 blood dilution) showed that antibody activity gradually increased from TT to LL (mean OD values: TT = 0.43, BT = 0.62, BB = 0.72, BL = 0.84, LL = 0.89), and the rates of positive reactions were 100% in all classifications of patients except TT (66.6%). Antibody activity in the controls was less pronounced than in leprosy patients, their mean OD value being only 0.15. We suggest that the ELISA is highly sensitive and specific for the determination of anti-M. leprae antibodies, and is useful for clinical serodiagnosis and for the study of subclinical infections in leprosy.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatal anaphylaxis following jack jumper ant sting in southern Tasmania.

The "jack jumper" ant (Myrmecia pilosula) is a major cause of anaphylaxis in Tasmania. We describe four deaths attributed to stings by this ant between 1980 and 1999. All victims were men aged 40 years or over with significant comorbidities; two were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, which may increase risk of severe anaphylaxis. Three victims had known ant-sting allergy, but only one carried adrenaline, which he did not use. Another believed he was protected by previous attempts at hyposensitisation with whole ant-body extract. There is potential to prevent deaths by careful education of people with known allergy, prescribing of adrenaline for auto-injection and development of an effective hyposensitisation therapy.

Adult↗