Biomedical subjects

Q Wu

Publications and source records attributed to Q Wu.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

Lymphocyte suppression by rolipram with other immunosuppressive drugs.

Pentoxifylline, a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has immunomodulatory activity in vitro and in vivo and potentiates the suppressive effects of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine on lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. Since phosphodiesterase isotypes 3 and 4 predominate in lymphocytes, the authors measured the suppressive effect of rolipram alone and in combination with low concentrations of methylprednisolone and calcineurin enzyme inhibitors, compared to that of pentoxifylline on mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. The percent inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation by both 10(-5) and 10(-8) mol/L concentrations of rolipram were significantly greater than that by both 10(-4) mol/L pentoxifylline and 10(-8) mol/L methylprednisolone. The percent inhibition by the combination of 10(-5), but not 10(-6), mol/L rolipram and methylprednisolone was significantly greater than that by 10(-4) mol/L pentoxifylline and methylprednisolone. Potentiation of the suppressive effects of cyclosporine and tacrolimus by rolipram was less consistent. Measurement of cell culture supernatant concentrations of interferon gamma and interleukin-10 indicate that one of the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive activity of rolipram is a significantly disproportionate inhibition of the proinflammatory cytokine, interferon gamma.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Effect of corticotrophin on formaldehyde-induced somatostatin of spinal cord in rats].

AIM: To study the effect of corticotrophin (Cor) on somatostatin (Som) and its synthesis in spinal dorsal horn induced by formaldehyde in rats. METHODS: Using double immunohistochemical stainings, and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Two hours after s.c. formaldehyde (5%, 200 microL) in one hindpaw of rats, the neurons of c-fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI), somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (Som-LI), Som-LI/FLI, and perprosomatostatin mRNA (PPS-mRNA) in ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn were increased obviously, as compared with the control group. The FLI and Som-LI of spinal cord were not changed by i.p. Cor. Cor (25 or 12.5 U.kg-1, i.p.) inhibited the formaldehyde-evoked FLI, Som-LI, Som-LI/FLI, and PPS-mRNA of spinal cord in a dose-dependent manner. The decrease of c-fos or Som level due to i.p. Cor in rats of chronic pain was prevented by raphe nuclei injected cyproheptadine, but not by bicuculline, naloxone, or phentolamin injected to raphe nuclei. CONCLUSION: The formaldehyde-evoked c-fos expression, Som, and Som synthesis of spinal cord were suppressed by Cor through the serotonin receptor of raphe nuclei.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗

PubMed1999

A study on the methods for early serological diagnosis of leprosy and their potential use.

This is a serial study. In this series we have established 12 methods for the early serological diagnosis of leprosy, including the FLA-ABS test, ELISAs with artificial products (ND-O-, ND-P-, NT-O-, NT-P-BSA; PGL-I, whole M. leprae and M. smegmatis), monoclonal antibody specific binding assay (McAb/SBA), latex agglutination test (LAT), and MLPA. These methods were compared with each other on a large scale in leprosy patients and in the field. The results indicate that 1) Excellent results were obtained when ELISAs were conducted with skim milk or egg albumin as the blocking agent and by using blood from earlobes instead of from venipuncture. 2) According to the four "S" standard (sensitivity, specificity, simplicity and speed), among the 12 methods the ND-O-BSA-ELISA (ND-ELISA) is the best and the MLPA is more suitable for use in the field because it is simple and rapid. 3) In the ND-ELISA, the increase or decrease of the OD value has a positive correlation with the BI, and the order of positive rates was a) in various types of leprosy: LL > BL > BB > BT > TT; b) in household contacts (HC), random population (RP), normal controls in endemic areas (ENC) and normal controls in nonendemic areas (NNC): HC > RP > ENC > NNC. 4) In a population with subclinical M. leprae infection, the highest risk group was between the ages of 15 and 25 and had an increase or a persistence of high OD values prior to onset of disease. 5) OD values gradually decreased over time following treatment and these declines paralleled declines in the BI. 6) In cases cured with dapsone therapy, there was an increase or a persistence of high OD values in ND-ELISA prior to the onset of a leprosy relapse. In conclusion, we have compared and evaluated 12 immuno-assays and have shown that the ND-ELISA is the most practical one for use in investigating sero-immunological epidemiology, subclinical infection with M. leprae, early detection of disease, monitoring of antimicrobial therapy, and even for the prediction of leprosy relapse.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMed1999

[Clinical analysis of 25 cases of primary vaginal malignant melanoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of tumor size and different treatment method on the prognosis of primary vaginal malignant melanoma. METHOD: The clinical data of 25 patients with primary malignant melanoma of the vagina admitted to our hospital from Dec. 1964 to Oct. 1997 were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: The overall 2-year and 5-year survival rate were 21.4% and 5.4%, respectively. The mean survival time for patients with tumor diameter < or = 2 cm was 27.7 months and for patients with tumor > 2 cm, 9.7 months (P < 0.05). The mean survival time was 19.5 months for the 17 cases treated with surgery and 8.3 months for another 8 cases who did not received surgery (P < 0.05). Multi-variate Cox regression with tumor size, surgical treatment, chemotherapy and immunotherapy also showed that tumor diameter and surgery were significant variables statistically for survival time (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prognosis of the primary malignant melanoma of vagina is poor and can be improved if the disease could be diagnosed early and combined modality therapy with emphasis on surgery be given.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Cloning of rat beta-defensin rBD-1 cDNA].

This is a study aimed at the molecular mechanisms of beta-defensins gene expression and it's gene transfer experiments for preventing mucosal infection. A rat rBD-1 cDNA was cloned. The total RNA was isolated from rat kidney. The cDNA fragment was amplified by RT-PCR with specific primers. The purified RT-PCR product was cloned in pGEM-T Easy vector. The results of restriction endonuclease pattern analysis of the recombinant plasmid, DNA sequencing, and aligning of the putative amino acid sequence with hBD-1 and mBD-1 demonstrated that rat beta-defensin rBD-1 gene was cloned successfully.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1999

Partial left ventriculectomy for the treatment of end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To report our initial experience of the first 5 cases of partial left ventriculectomy (PLV or Batista operation), a new surgical therapy for treatment of end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy in China. METHODS: From April to August 1998, 5 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy received PLV at Anzhen Hospital. The mean age of the patients was 48.4 years (range: 42 to 53 years). Three patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III and 2 in class IV. All patients had mitral valve insufficiency (3 moderate and 2 severe) and 1 had severe tricuspid valve insufficiency in addition preoperatively. Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac arrest with cold blood cardioplegia were used in all patients. The average weight of the resected left ventricle muscle was 46.3 g. All patients underwent mitral annuloplasty and 1 plus tricuspid annuloplasty (De Vega). RESULTS: Echocardiography demonstrated a significant decrease in left ventricular diastolic diameter (8.4 +/- 1.1 cm to 5.4 +/- 0.4 cm, P < 0.01) and an increase in ejection fraction (17.78% +/- 6.26% to 34.82% +/- 3.18%, P < 0.025). One patient died of heart failure on the 6th postoperative day. The mean follow-up period of the 4 discharged patients were 4 months (from 3 to 6 months). One were in NYHA class I and 3 in class II; all had a normal life. CONCLUSION: Batista operation is a new and valuable alternative of the surgical treatment for end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy and the long-term results need further studies.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Clinical analysis of 1539 cases undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical factors affecting the outcome of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: 1539 patients were divided into the following two groups based on admission sequence: group I (n = 570), 1974-1994; group II (n = 969), 1995-1998. Comparison of clinical data and procedure between the two groups was made. RESULTS: After CABG, 1482 patients were alleviated from angina, 57 patients died within 30 days of operation, with an overall mortality rate of 3.7%. The mortality rates in group I and group II were 7.9% and 1.2%, respectively. Since 1995, the mortality rate has significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: CABG is a safe and effective therapy for coronary heart disease. Surgical technique is a key factor affecting the outcome of CABG in selected patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Study and detection of telomerase activity in oral squamous cell carcinomas and precancerous lesions].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the expression of telomerase activity in oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and oral precancerous lesions. METHODS: Telomerase activity was examined by telomerase PCR ELISA assay and telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) electrophoresis. 60 fresh oral specimens were selected, including 20 oral SCC, 30 oral precancerous lesions (10 oral leukoplakia, LK, 20 oral lichen planus, LP) and 10 normal mucosa (NM). RESULTS: Telomerase activity detected in SCC (0.128) was highest among all of the tissues(LK: 0.054, LP: 0.0094, NM: 0.0014). Statistical difference was notable between SCC and LK, LP, NM (P < 0.01). A little difference was detected between LK, LP and NM. No difference was found between LK, and LP (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Telomerase may play an important role during oncogenesis of oral precancerous lesions, and may be a good molecular biomarker for observing the cancerization ability of precancerous lesion and estimating its prognosis.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1999

[Clinical and experimental study on Yinhua mixture aerosol in treating infantile viral pneumonia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic effect of using Yinhua mixture aerosol in treating infantile viral pneumonia and its mechanism. METHODS: Comparing sixty-nine infantile viral pneumonia patients using Yinhua mixture aerosol with 33 infantile viral pneumonia patients using gentamycin, pharmacodynamical animal experiments of anti-tussis and anti-asthma were also observed. RESULTS: The markedly effective rate of Yinhua mixture aerosol and gentamycin aerosol were 58.0% and 27.3% respectively, while the total effective rate of these two drugs was 95.7% and 69.7% respectively. Experimental study revealed that Yinhua mixture was effective in antifebrile, anti-asthma and expectorative effect, which was better than that of gentamycin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Yinhua mixture aerosol is effective in antifebrile, anti-asthma, and expectorative effect.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1999

[Minimally invasive approach for heart valve replacement: report of 73 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To report a new minimally invasive approach for heart valve operation. METHODS: Through right minimal vertical infra-axillary thoracotomy incision (by intercostal space), 68 patients with rheumatic heart disease, 2 patients with subacute endocarditis, and 3 patients with congenital heart disease underwent heart valve replacement from March 1997 to Spring 1998. RESULTS: 30 double valve replacements, 33 mitral valve replacements, 10 aortic valve replacements and 14 DeVega tricuspid annuloplasty were performed. The length of the incision averaged (8.5 +/- 0.9) cm, arrest times averaged (88.6 +/- 33.8) min, cardiopulmonary bypass times averaged (117.0 +/- 45.9) min. Five mitral valve replacements were performed with ventricular fibrillation. Ventilator periods averaged (9.6 +/- 3.6) h, chest tube drainage averaged (264.5 +/- 184.3) ml. One patient died of cerebral bleeding in hospital. Two patients suffered SBE and one of them died. The results of follow up for other patients were fine. CONCLUSIONS: This minimally incisive valve operation is a new safe, small wounded and cosmetic approach for heart valve replacement.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular septum].

OBJECTIVE: To report a kind of extremely rare disease, dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular septum. METHODS: Between May 1992 and January 1998, 4 patients underwent surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular septum in Fuwai Hospital, Beijing. The cause of the disease was different in these four patients. Two patients may be attributable to the aneurysm of coronary sinus of valsava, 1 to the result of trauma, and the other to big perforation (diameter: 2 cm) in the bottom of the right coronary sinus of valsava, through which the blood rushed into the cavity of dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular septum. The aneurysm was resected or repaired in these patients. Three of them were subjected to aortic valve replacement and one received repair of the perforation of the right vaslava sinus. RESULTS: Two patients had successful reoperation and the other 2 suceeded in the first operation. All of them were uneventfully recovered. CONCLUSIONS: The development of dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular septum is rapid. Its prognosis is poor. Early diagnosis and operation are necessary. The pathogenic mechanism of dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular septum is unknown, but echocardiogram, electrocardiogram and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are valuable for diagnosis. Surgical operation should involve the treatment of aortic valve disease. The wall of the aneurysm should be resected and the interventricular septum should be reconstructed. Good exposure can be obtained from the incision of the ascending aorta and right ventricular outflow tract. The A-V block should be treated simultaneously.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Surgical treatment of Ebstein's malformation: report of 108 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To review retrospectively the experience of surgical treatment of Ebstein's malformation in 108 patients. METHODS: One hundred and eight patients with Ebsteins malformation underwent surgical correction, including tricuspid valve annuloplasty in 83 patients (73.4%) and tricuspid valve replacement in 30 (5 with redo-operation). Concomitant procedure included division of the abnormal accessory conduction pathway in 8 patients. RESULTS: The overall hospital mortality was 8.8%. The hospital mortality rate was 10.4% before 1990 and 5.5% after that time. There was a significant difference between the two periods (P < 0.05). The main causes of death were low cardiac output, arrhythmias and right heart failure. The mean follow-up time was 6.3 years. The heart function improved to be NYHA class I or II in 92% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Early surgical intervention is recommended for patients with Ebstein's malformation, especially for those with symptoms and cardiac enlargement. Tricuspid valve repair should be performed if anterior leaflet of the tricuspid valve well developed. However, tricuspid valve replacement is advocated if anterior leaflet is dysplastic or its origin displaced.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Early results of 1,110 cases of coronary artery bypass].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce our experience with Coronary artery bypass. METHODS: From January 1996 to March 1999, coronary artery bypass was in 1110 patients at our hospital. They were 985 men and 125 women, aged 27 - 78 years (57 +/- 9). 500 patients were aged over 60 years. 670 patients had a history of myocardial infarction. 450 patients suffered from instable, and 460 from stable angina. 169 patients had stenosis of the left main trunk (>or= 50%). The heart function of 240 patients was over NYHA class III, the EF of 123 patients was less than 40%. 454 patients were associated with hypertension, 133 with diabetes, 131 with ventricular aneurysm, 48 with valvular disease, and 5 with rupture of ventricular septal. 1048 procedures were performed on hypothermia cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and 60 on beating heart. Myocardial preservation was carried out by cold blood cardioplegia with potassium. The average time of CPB was 115 +/- 35 minutes, and that of aortic cross clamp was 72 +/- 24 minutes 110 cases received one graft, 145 cases two grafts, 415 cases three grafts, and 439 cases four and more than four grafts. Left internal mammary artery, great saphenous vein, and radial artery were used as coronary artery bypass conduits on 751, 877 and 101 patients, respectively. Total arterial myocardial revascularization was performed on 72 patients. Concomitant operation included ventricular aneurysmetomy (112 cases), plication (14), left ventriculoplasty (5), valvular procedures (48), repair ventricular septal rupture (5). RESULTS: 1 101 patients were discharged uneventfully. Early death occurred in 9 patients, (0.81%). Complication included low cardiac output (11 cases), introaortic balloon pump (7), perioperative myocardial infarction (2), complication of brain (3), and rethoractomy for bleeding (4). CONCLUSIONS: To identify adequate target vessel and completely revascularize ischemic myocardium are the key of coronary artery bypass. Perioperative treatment is important.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA expression by the iris and lens epithelial cells of rabbit eye with intraocular lens implantation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the change of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) synthesized by the iris and the lens epithelial cells (LECs) after extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and the role of PAI-1 in the occurrence of fibrin reaction and the formation of posterior capsular opacification. METHODS: Eight adult rabbits were studied. In each rabbit, one eye underwent ECCE with IOL implantation and the other eye was normal without any surgical intervention. The iris tissue and the lens capsule of each two normal eyes and each two surgical eyes were excised on the postoperative 1, 7, 15 and 30 days respectively. The amount of PAI-1 mRNA expression in the specimens was detected by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The amount of PAI-1 mRNA expresson in the iris tissue and the LECs of the surgical eyes displayed a significant increase on the first day after operation. The high expression of PAI-1 mRNA by the iris might last 15 days (P < 0.001), but it declined to the normal range on the postoperative 30 days (P = 0.87). The high level of PAI-1 mRNA expresson by the LECs in the surgical eyes had significant difference when compared with that of the normal eyes at 1, 7, 15 and 30 days postoperatively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It is indicated that PAI-1 enzyme is a major cause for fibrin reaction after ECCE with IOL implantation, and may play critical roles in the development of posterior capsular opacification.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[A preliminary study of loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 1p in primary hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: Ten (10) loci on chromosome 1p were analyzed to detect LOH in 38 cases of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) in order to locate the deletion area and the possible deleted tumor suppressor gene (TSG) in HCC. METHODS: PCR based microsatellite instability analysis were used to detect LOH on chromosome 1p31 and 1p35-p36 in HCC. RESULTS: LOH were detected on chromosome 1p in 84.2% of HCC. High frequency of LOH (> 40%) were occurred at locus D1S186 on 1p31, locus D1S482 on 1p35 and loci D1S243, D1S160, D1S165 and D1S170 on 1p36. CONCLUSION: LOH occurred mostly on chromosome 1p31 and 1p35-p36 in HCC. There may be more than two TSGs which associated with development of HCC on chromosome 1p31 and 1p35-p36.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Effect of ACTH on the expression of somatostatin and c-fos in the spinal cord and formalin evoked pain response].

In the present study, the effect of ACTH on the expression of somatostatin and c-fos in the spinal cord and formalin induced pain responses in rats were studied using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The results showed that subcutaneous injection of formalin in the right hindpaw increased c-fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI), somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (Som-LI), Som-LI/FLI and perprosomatostatin mRNA (PPS-mRNA) in neurones of right spinal dorsal horn and significantly enhanced pain intensity rating. ACTH decreased the FLI,Som-LI, Som-LI/FLI and PPS-mRNA levels of the spinal cord evoked by formalin. The decrease of c-fos or Som level due to intrathecal injection of ACTH in rats with chronic pain was prevented by injection of cyproheptadine, but not by bicuculline and naloxone. The results indicate that the serotonin receptor may be involved in ACTH induced analgesia.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗

PubMed1999

[Detection of HNP1 gene expression by RT-PCR in transfected tracheal epithelial cells].

By using lipofection reagent DOSPER, the plasmid vector carrying the human neutrophil defensin HNP1 gene(pBabe-Neo-HNP1) was transferred into human, rabbit tracheal epithelial cells cultured in serum-free complement medium. Determination of HNP1 mRNA expression in tracheal epithelial cells was performed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The result showed that HNP1-gene expression was detected both in human and rabbit transfected epithelial cells; while in untransfected epithelial cells, no specific signals were detected by RT-PCR. This result and the result of our previous determination by immunocytochemical staining both demonstrated that the epithelial cells could express the antibiotic peptide when transfected with its gene, suggesting that the mucosal antibiotic peptide gene transfer might develop a new antimicrobial approach to prevention and treatment of respiratory infections.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Isolation, purification and antibacterial activities of salivary histidine-rich polypeptides].

OBJECTIVE: To isolate and purify salivary histidine-rich-polypeptides (HRPs) and observe their antibacterial activities. METHODS: By using of preparative acid urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (AU-PAGE), three major HRPs(HRP-1, HRP-3 and HRP-5) were purified from parotid saliva collected from healthy adults. Their antibacterial activities were tested in the ultrasensitive antibacterial assay, named radial diffusion assay. RESULTS: Each fraction of the three purified HRPs appeared as a single protein zone both in AU-PAGE and Tricine-SDS-PAGE. Their molecular weights are 3-5 kD as determined by Tricine-SDS-PAGE. All the three major HRPs showed potent bactericidal effects on Streptococcus mutans MT6R and Staphylococcus aureas ATCC25923. As to Escherichia coli ML-35P and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, HRP-3 and HRP-5 also demonstrated significant antibacterial activities, whereas HRP-1 did not show any inhibitory effects on the viability of them. CONCLUSION: The above results suggested that the method of preparative AU-PAGE we used in this study has the benefits of high resolution, simple manipulation and perfect results of purification. HRPs are important components to prevent oral tissue from bacterial infections, therefore play a potent role in the maintenance of the oral health.

Adult↗