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Biomedical subjects

Q Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Q Liu.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Liver metastasis models of human colo-rectal carcinoma established in nude mice by orthotopic transplantation and their biologic characteristics].

OBJECTIVES: To establish a liver metastasis models of human colorectal carcinomas in nude mice. METHODS: Orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact colo-rectal cancer tissues from patients into colo-rectal mucosa of nude mice. Tumorgenicity, invasion, metastasis and morphological characteristics of the transplanted tumors were studied by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunuhistochemistry. RESULTS: Liver metastasis models of human colon carcinoma (HCA-HMN-1) and human rectal carcinoma (HRA-HMN-2) were established after screening from 34 colorectal carcinomas. They had been passaged in vivo for 18 and 21 gererations respectively. There were lymphatic, hematogenous, and implanting metastases. CEA secretion was maintained after transplantation. The primary and liver metastatic tumors were similar to the original human carcinoma in histopathological and ultrastructural features, DNA content and chromosomal karyotype. CONCLUSION: The liver metastasis models provide useful tools for the study of mechanism of metastasis and its treatment of human colo-rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Gastro-intestinal reconstruction by substitution of "O" shaped jejunum after total gastrectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss a satisfying method for alimentary continuity reconstruction after total gastrectomy. METHOD: An "O" shaped jejunum pouch or a new "stomach" was constructed in between esophagus and duodenum after total gastrectomy. RESULTS: Thirty-nine cases of gastric malignant tumor were treated by this method. The 3 and 5 years disease free survival rate were 67.7% and 55.6%. All the patients recovered their normal meal habit (3 meals a day) within 6 months postoperatively. Compared with the preoperative and the postoperative (one year after operation), body weight is equal level, increasing and decreasing in 71.1%, 15.8% and 13.1% of the cases respectively. There were no posterior sternal pain and food or digestive fluid reflux, no dumping syndrome in these patients. The volume enlargement of the "new stomach" was observed obviously, especially in "stomach fundus". CONCLUSION: This operation is a satisfying method for alimentary canal reconstruction after total gastrectomy and it is worthy to be recommended in gastric surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in head and neck malignant neoplasm].

To investigate the expression of the apoptosis-suppressing protein Bcl-2 in head and neck neoplasm and the relationship between Bcl-2 and p53 oncoprotein, 90 malignant tumours and 20 benign diseases were studied with immunohistochemical LSAB(labeled streptavidin biotin) method. The results indicated that 48.9% (44/90) cases of head and neck malignant tumours were Bcl-2 positive, and all benign diseases were negative. The expression rate of Bcl-2 in head and neck squamous carcinoma (59.6%) was obviously higher than adenocarcinoma (24.8%), undifferentiated tumour (33.3%) and malignant lymphoma (P < 0.05). The expression rate of Bcl-2 in p53-positive tumours was significantly higher in p53-negative neoplasm. The positive rate of Bcl-2 oncoprotein was not connected with clinical stage and pathological grade. The positive staining intensity was significantly related with clinical stage. This study suggested that Bcl-2 oncoprotein may play an important role in the development of head and neck tumour.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Chemical constituents in the stem and leaf of Isodon oresbius].

Five triterpenoids were isolated from Isodon oresbius. Their structures were identified as ursolic acid, 2 alpha, 19 alpha-dihydroxy ursolic acid, 2 alpha, 3 alpha, 19 alpha-trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid, 2 alpha-hydroxy oleanolic acid and 2 alpha, 23-dihydroxy oleanolic acid by physico-chemical constants and spectral analysis.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical analysis of hoarseness after thyroidectomy].

The present paper reports 86 cases of hoarseness after thyroidectomy. In 37 cases, glottic paralysis was confirmed. Among them the injury of recurrent laryngeal nerve were 89.91% (33/37). In 33(36 side) cases of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, left injury was 20 and right was 16. Referring to the literature author consider that: 1. the recurrent laryngeal nerve was injured easy by thyroidectomy because that thyroid gland was located closely with recurrent laryngeal nerve in neck; 2. recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy was related to the character of thyroid gland tumor and times of operations; 3. incidence of superior laryngeal nerve injure in thyroidectomy was rare; 4. following up 16 cases of glottic paralysis, most of all (13/16) hoarseness was improved with the health side vocal cords overcompensation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Treatment of acute optic neuritis with high dose of prednisone].

OBJECTIVE: The benefit of glucocorticoid for the treatment of acute optic neuritis remains controversial. The efficacy of oral prednisone in 12 patients (14 eyes) with acute optic neuritis was reviewed. METHODS: The time of visual symptoms before treatment was 3-15 days. The visual acuities were worse than 0.1 in all patients, with positive relative afferent pupillary defect. Visual field defect and delay latency of P100 in pattern VEP were also found. The regimen of glucocorticoid therapy was oral prednisone, starting with 160 mg daily followed by reducing the dosage by 20 mg every three days until 40 mg per day was attained and then tapering the dosage at 70 mg every other day until stoppage of the drug. The treatment was 3-11 months and 9 patients were followed up more than one year. RESULTS: The visual acuities improved rapidly and stable. After 4 days, the visual acuity was 0.2 or better in 10 eyes. It was better than 0.6 in 12 eyes at 15 days. At 6 months, all had the visual acuity better than 0.7, with 85.7% equal or better than 1.0. CONCLUSIONS: The regimen of oral prednisone beginning with 160 mg followed by tapering for three months would be feasible. Pattern VEP was a sensitive and credible sign for evaluating the extent of demyelination.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Reconstruction with silicone rubber tube after resection of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To treat the benign stenosis and defects caused by resection of cancers of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophagus. METHODS: Silicone rubber tubes made by ourselves were utilized to reconstruct the defect. It was found that in animal models, the granulation surface was covered with epithelial tissues and new lumen formed. RESULTS: Among 30 cases treated with silicone rubber tubes, 6 cases (20.0%) developed hypopharyngeal fistulae after operations. Twenty-five cases with cancer and 5 cases with benign stenoses and hypopharyngeal fistulae were followed-up from 5 months to 4 years. The silicone rubber tubes in 25 cases were decannulated, of them, 23 cases recovered normal swallowing function. Two cases developed severe stenosis again and 2 cases were under observation. In 25 cases with cancer, 2 had local relapse of cancer three to six months after the first operation. Four cases had cervical metastasis. All these 6 cases died within one year after operation. One case died of lung metastasis, two cases died of inflammation of lungs. Among 25 patients with cancers, the three-year survival rate was 50.0% (5/10). CONCLUSION: For defects in hypopharynx and cervical esophagus less than 10 cm, silicone rubber tube reconstruction is satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The survey of anterior chamber angle in a population of middle and old age].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the condition of anterior chamber angle in a population of middle and old age, and afford data for screening of angle closure glaucoma. METHODS: Two hundred people aged 50 years or older were selected by random sampling in four districts of Doumen county. The anterior chamber angle of all people was evaluated by Goldmann one-mirror gonioscope, and the angle was graded according to the Spaeth and Shaffer's grading system. RESULTS: Three hundred ninety eyes were examined, 12% (inferior angle) to 30% (superior angle) were Shaffer's grade <or= 2. 11.3% (inferior) to 26.4% (superior) were anterior bowing of the peripheral portion of the iris, 27.7% (inferior) to 42.6% (superior) were iris insertion into seleral spur. The three aspects of the angle had significant differences in sex and age. CONCLUSION: The survey shows that the percentage of people with occludable angles increases significantly with age, and women with occludable angles are more than men. This result is important for us to make screening strategy of primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Vitrectomy for treatment of retinal detachment caused by macular hole].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy and autoserum for treatment of retinal detachment caused by macular hole. METHODS: 19 eyes with retinal detachment caused by macular hole were treated with gas tamponade (C(3)F(8)). The follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 24 months. In the case whose macular hole failed to heal, removal of the remains of prefoveal membrane and/or scratching at the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and placing autoserum for 7 minutes in the macular hole were performed. RESULTS: Closure of macular hole was obtained in 15 eyes (80%). The postoperative visual acuity was 0.05 - 0.4. Macular hole failed to heal in 4 eyes. In one eye the remains of prefoveal membrane were removed; in another 3 eyes, in the macular hole scratching at the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and placing autoserum were performed and C(3)F(8) tamponade was used. Anatomical cure was obtained in all the 4 eyes. The final visual acuity was 0.1 or better. CONCLUSION: The findings show that removal of prefoveal membrane is imperative. Scratch at RPE with placement of autoserum in the macular hole is effective for the macular hole which has failed to respond to conventional vitrectomy with air tamponade.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Studies in immunological diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii infection].

AIM: To assess the diagnostic value of Pneumocystis carinii(PC) antibodies and circulating antigens detection in alveolar lavage fluid (ALF) and serum. METHODS: The immunosuppressive rat model was used in this study. The PC antigens in both ALF and sera were detected by double sandwich ELISA, and the specific IgG antibody levels in sera were detected by IFA at different times after immunosuppression treatment. The detection results were compared with the corresponding results of PC finding in lung impression smear. RESULTS: The PC antigens in ALF were positive in all infected rats 6-8 weeks after immunosuppression while in control rats were all negative. By comparison, the PC antigens detected from sera were negative in most infected rats. During immunosuppression treatment with steroid, antibody titers in the infected rats rose slightly in some rats. After steroid was withdrawn, PC antigens in ALF became negative gradually but antibody titers rose progressively with time in all rats. CONCLUSION: Detecting PC antigens in ALF may be useful for diagnosing PC infection but these antigens were difficult to be detected in serum. The rise in serum IgG antibody does not necessarily indicate an existing infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Anti-injure effect of extract from orange (EOP) peel on germ cells of male mice].

In present study, the anti-injure effect of EOP, on incidence of sperm abnormality and meiotic micronuclei of early spermatids in mice induced by cyclophosphamide was investigated. The results indicated that EOP itself was not a mutagen, but significantly inhibited increase of the rate of micronuclei and the sperm abnormality by CP. The rates of sperm abnormality and meiotic micronuclei of early spermatide of EOP before CP using group were lower obviously than those of CP could before EOP using group (P < 0.01). The results suggested that the CP could permeate blood-testis barrier into germ cells of male mice and induced mutation on genetic material.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Effect of different animal skin on the transdermal speed constant of sinomenine].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different animal skin on the transdermal speed constant of sinomenine. METHODS: Improved franz-cell was used for the transdermal study, pH6.8 phosphate buffer was used as the receptor and HPLC method was used for the determination of sinomenine through different animal skin. RESULTS: The transdermal speed constant of the skin of hareless mice was much close to which of person. The higuchi equation of sinomenine through skin of hareless mice stored under -20 degrees C for 0d, 3d and 7d were Q = 40.34t1/2 + 196, Q = 38.01t1/2 + 25.3, Q = 41.55t1/2 + 24.7 respectively. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that skin of hareless mice is suitable for the transdermal study of sinomenine, and the effect of storing time (0-7d) under -40 degrees C is not obvious.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1998

[A kinetic study of organic reaction by Kalman filter and spectrophotometry].

The Kalman filter-spectrometry was used to the study on the chemical dynamics of alpha-Oxo ketene cyclic dithioacetals. Results show that the method can effectively eliminate or reduce the intercomponent interferences in the simultaneous determination of all components. The method was successfully used to study the condensation reaction dynamics of 1-phenyl-2-(1,2-dithioethylene)methylene-1,3-dibutandione and m-nitrophenyl aldehyde.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1998

[Analysis of alpha-Oxo ketene cyclic dithioacetals compounds by using Kalman filtering and UV spectrophotometry].

The Kalman filtering and UV spectrophotometry have been used to analyte the alpha-Oxo ketene cyclic dithioacetal compounds in the present paper. The innovation sequence and concentration trends in the Kalman filtering process have been investigated, results show that the combination of the Kalman filtering and UV spectrophotometry is an applicable and reliable means in analysis of this kind of compounds.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1998

Total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease.

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of total thyroidectomy performed for benign thyroid disease. METHODS: A total of 106 consecutive patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for benign disease from October 1982 to July 1995 were reviewed. The 33 men and 73 women had an average age of 46 years (range, 16 to 82 years). Indications for total thyroidectomy were a thyroid nodule with the history of head and neck radiation in 36 patients, bilateral thyroid nodules in 35, needle biopsy of a follicular neoplasm or frozen section diagnosis of a possible malignancy in 18, and toxic goiter in 17. Total thyroidectomy was performed as the primary operation in 98 patients, and 8 patients had a completion reoperation for recurrent disease. RESULTS: Pathology findings revealed benign nodular goiter in 49 patients, follicular adenoma in 26, hyperplasia in 19, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in 12. Postoperative hemorrhage requiring operative hemostasis occurred in two patients (1.9%). Two patients had unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy before operation (1.9%). Three patients had unilateral postoperative RLN palsy (2.8%). Two cases resolved in 3 and 4 months. The only permanent RLN injury occurred in a patient reoperated for a compressive goiter. Early postoperative hypocalcemia (8.0 mg/dl or less) was found in nine patients (8.5%). No patient had permanent hypoparathyroidism at long-term follow-up evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease can avoid reoperation for nodular goiter and hyperthyroidism and eliminate any subsequent risk of malignant change in radiated thyroid glands. A low complication rate can be achieved with meticulous surgical technique. Total thyroidectomy can be performed safely for bilateral benign thyroid disease.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

Signal transduction correlates of mu opioid agonist intrinsic efficacy: receptor-stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding in mMOR-CHO cells and rat thalamus.

This study examined the signal transduction correlates of mu opioid agonist efficacy in two systems: mu receptor-transfected mMOR-CHO cell and rat thalamic membranes. The potency and maximal stimulation of [35S]GTP gamma S binding by various agonists was measured in the presence of excess GDP and compared with receptor binding affinity under identical assay conditions. Results showed that the relative maximal stimulation produced by these agonists was greater in mMOR-CHO cell than in rat thalamic membranes; some drugs that were full agonists in mMOR-CHO cells were partial agonists in the thalamus, and some partial agonists in the transfected cells were full antagonists in the thalamus. Furthermore, there was receptor reserve for G-protein activation by some agonists in mMOR-CHO cell membranes, but no receptor reserve was detected in rat thalamic membranes. Saturation analysis of agonist-stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding revealed that full agonists produced both a higher Bmax and apparent affinity of [35S]GTP gamma S binding than partial agonists. Correlation of the Bmax and KD of agonist-stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding with agonist intrinsic efficacy revealed only a moderate correlation with either parameter alone, but a highly significant correlation (r > 0.9) with a combination of the two parameters (Bmax/KD). These results suggest that the intrinsic efficacy of agonists at G-protein-coupled receptors is determined primarily by the ability of the agonist-occupied receptor to promote high-affinity GTP binding to the G-protein and to catalytically activate a maximal number G-proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

An order-directed score test for trend in ordered 2 X K tables.

This paper presents a new test procedure for detecting trend in ordered 2 X K tables. Using an order-directed score statistic, the procedure does not require a set of scores preassigned to the ordinal categories under consideration. Thus the problem of varying p-values of linear rank tests, due to choices of different scoring systems, is avoided. The proposed test procedure can be easily generalized to handle stratified analysis where data are represented by several 2 x K tables. Examples are given to illustrate the method.

Alcohol Drinking↗