Biomedical subjects

Q Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Q Liu.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

A study on the methods for early serological diagnosis of leprosy and their potential use.

This is a serial study. In this series we have established 12 methods for the early serological diagnosis of leprosy, including the FLA-ABS test, ELISAs with artificial products (ND-O-, ND-P-, NT-O-, NT-P-BSA; PGL-I, whole M. leprae and M. smegmatis), monoclonal antibody specific binding assay (McAb/SBA), latex agglutination test (LAT), and MLPA. These methods were compared with each other on a large scale in leprosy patients and in the field. The results indicate that 1) Excellent results were obtained when ELISAs were conducted with skim milk or egg albumin as the blocking agent and by using blood from earlobes instead of from venipuncture. 2) According to the four "S" standard (sensitivity, specificity, simplicity and speed), among the 12 methods the ND-O-BSA-ELISA (ND-ELISA) is the best and the MLPA is more suitable for use in the field because it is simple and rapid. 3) In the ND-ELISA, the increase or decrease of the OD value has a positive correlation with the BI, and the order of positive rates was a) in various types of leprosy: LL > BL > BB > BT > TT; b) in household contacts (HC), random population (RP), normal controls in endemic areas (ENC) and normal controls in nonendemic areas (NNC): HC > RP > ENC > NNC. 4) In a population with subclinical M. leprae infection, the highest risk group was between the ages of 15 and 25 and had an increase or a persistence of high OD values prior to onset of disease. 5) OD values gradually decreased over time following treatment and these declines paralleled declines in the BI. 6) In cases cured with dapsone therapy, there was an increase or a persistence of high OD values in ND-ELISA prior to the onset of a leprosy relapse. In conclusion, we have compared and evaluated 12 immuno-assays and have shown that the ND-ELISA is the most practical one for use in investigating sero-immunological epidemiology, subclinical infection with M. leprae, early detection of disease, monitoring of antimicrobial therapy, and even for the prediction of leprosy relapse.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMed1999

Cytoreductive surgery for stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer.

We tried to determine the role of cytoreductive surgery for stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer and in what conditions this surgical procedure could carry the best benefits. From January 1986 to December 1997, seventy-one of 73 patients with stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer who were treated in Cancer Hospital of Shanghai Medical University were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical information including age, grade, histology, presence of ascites, size of residual disease, site of extra-abdominal metastasis, whether initially presenting as metastatic disease or not, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, platinum-based chemotherapy and second-line chemotherapy was obtained. Survival was calculated by life-table and survival curves were computed using the Kaplan-Meier method with differences in survival estimated by log-rank test. Independent prognostic factors were identified by Cox's proportional hazards regression model. The median age of the patients' population was 54 years (range 22-82), median follow-up time was 12 months (range 3 to 130) and estimated 5-year survival rate 6.1%. Thirty out of 71 (42.3%) patients were successfully debulked (< or = 1 cm) at the time of initial surgery. There was a significant difference in five-year survival rate between patients optimally (14.1%) vs suboptimally (0%) cytoreduced, with an estimated median survival in the optimal group of 23 months vs 9 months in the suboptimal group (P=0.0001, long-rank test). When the variables were factorized, only in patients with malignant pleural effusion or positive supraclavicular lymph nodes, optimal cytoreduction could get the greatest benefits. Multivariate analysis revealed that the size of residual disease and ascites were independent factors of survival. However, only ascites was the prognostic factor of progression-free survival. Optimal cytoreductive surgery is an important determinant of survival in women with stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer, mainly in those with malignant pleural effusion or positive supraclavicular lymph node pathology.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Effects of heat-shock pretreatment on the survival of island flaps in rats].

OBJECTIVE: This study was to develop a new method that can lessen ischemia reperfusion injury and improve the survival of the island flap. METHOD: A right lower abdominal island flap was created in the SD rat according to the protocol of Harashina. Animals were divided into 2 groups (heat-shock pretreatment and control groups). The island flap viability and electronic microscopical appearance of flap tissue were evaluated following ischemia reperfusion injury. In order to explore the mechanism of this phenomenon, we examined the contents of HSP70 and measured the levels of SOD and MDA of the flap at various times. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, SOD activities of the flap were higher, and MDA content was lower. Survival rate of the island flap with heat-shock pretreatment was significantly increased (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The heat-shock pretreatment can lessen ischemia reperfusion injury and improve the survival of the island flap. It is suggested that the mechanism be related to following aspects: 1. The heat-shock pretreatment maintains stability of cell's function and structure. 2. It may increase the ability to catabolize free radicals by antioxidative enzymes.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Fiberoptic bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of inhalation injury].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the morphological standard of diagnosing inhalation injury, the feasibility of early diagnosis and the topical therapy of inhalation injury through fiberoptic bronchoscopy. METHODS: In one hundred and forty four patients with inhalation injury that were admitted in 10 years were examined with bronchoscopy, and the results were analysed. RESULTS: Diagnostic criteria and classification were obtained with the aid of the bronchoscopy. It was found feasible to make early diagnosis within 8 h and also to exercise treatments in the form of suction, irrigation, etc. CONCLUSION: Bronchoscopy plays an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment of inhalation injury, and it should be used more extensively in patients suspected to have inhalation injury.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

PCR assay for the inversion causing severe Hemophilia A and its application.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new technique based on long distance polymerase chain reaction (LD-PCR) to replace Southern blotting method to detect Factor VIII (FVIII) gene inversion leading to severe Hemophilia A (HA) and carrier. METHODS: Four primers P, Q, A&B were designed and synthesized. P&Q is specific for 5' and 3' flanking regions of F8A1 respectively. A&B is specific for 5' and 3' flanking regions of F8A2/F8A3 respectively. LD-PCR with 3 primers and 3 temprature was set up, optimized and used to detect the inversion. RESULTS: The LD-PCR with primers P, Q, A&B, P, Q&B and P, Q&A can be used to detect the gene inversion and discriminate carrier from wild type. A blind analysis of 53 DNA samples from HA families was carried out by the LD-PCR and Southern blotting respectively. Two sets of the results were completely identical. They were 23 cases of inversion, 27 cases of wild type and 3 cases of carriers. The sensitivity and specificity of LD-PCR are both 100%. Three inversion hemizygotes and 4 female carriers were identified from 5 HA families by the LD-PCR technology. CONCLUSIONS: The LD-PCR with primer P, Q&B or P, Q, A&B can be used to detect the gene inversion and the carrier of inversion. Compared with Southern blotting, this technique is simple, rapid, inexpensive, more sensitive, accurate and non-isotopic.

Chromosome Inversion↗

PubMed1999

[Experimental study of adhesion of gastric cancer cells to the peritoneum].

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors in favor of tumor cell adherence to the peritoneum. METHODS: Pieces of peritoneum from BALB/c mice were collected and incubated in vitro in the presence of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells. Cells adhered to the peritoneum was assessed by MTT staining. The result was expressed as the percentage of tumor cells adhered (AD). RESULTS: If the peritondum had been previously injured, either by scraping or exposure to air, AD was significantly more than that of the control (P < 0.01). AD was significantly increased as compared to the control when the peritoneum was cultured in the presence of white cells, platelets, plasma or CEA. CONCLUSION: Adhesion of cancer cells to the peritoneum may be facilitated by peritoneal injury, and the presence of normal blood constituents. Oncofetal antigen with adhesive property such as CEA also helps tumor cells adhere to the peritoneum. The likelihood of post-operative peritoneal metastasis can be minimized if care has been taken to protect the peritoneum from injury and to thoroughly wash the peritoneal cavity before the abdomen is closed.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[The effect of preoperative transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization on disease-free survival after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effect of preoperative transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE) on disease-free survival rate after surgical excision for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), in order to evaluate its therapeutic significance. METHODS: The history of 1,457 cases of HCC with long term follow-up who received curative or relatively curative tumor resection was reviewed. Among these patients, 120 received preoperative TACE. Factors of prognostic significance were analysed using Cox proportional hazards survival mode, and the disease-free survival was analysed by Kaplan-Meier estimation. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors of prognostic significance were number and size of tumor mass and its gross type, number and efficacy of TACE treatment, presence of tumor thrombus, satellite nodules, vascular invasion, and postoperative AFP level. The 5-year disease-free survival rate following surgery of patients who received TACE twice or more was 51.0%, while that of patients who received TACE once and none was 35.5% and 21.4%, respectively. The mean disease-free suvival time in these 3 groups of patients was 66.4, 22.5 and 12.5 months, respectively. For patients whose TACE treatment was effective, the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 56.8%, with a mean disease-free suvival time of 90.1 months. CONCLUSION: Preoperative TACE is so far the most feasible approach to improve disease-free survival of HCC patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Experimental study of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and applied anatomy of posterior rami of lumbar nerves].

OBJECTIVE: To determine points of radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves and to choose an effective temperature at which the conduction of painful impulse can be blocked. METHODS: The posterior rami of the lumbar nerves were dissected in 15 corpses of adults. The ultrastructure of nerve fibres, changes of sensary conduction velocity (SCV) and the waveform of the unmedullated fibres which conduct painful impulse (c wave) were observed after the sciatic nerves of rabbits were coagulated at various temperatures (60 degrees C, 70 degrees C, 80 degrees C, 90 degrees C). RESULTS: "Transverse Process Root Area" and "Transverse Process Point" can be regarded as primary marks of thermocoagulation of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves. Stimulation of square-wave can make the location more accurate. While the temperature of thermocoagulation reached 80 degrees C, none of painful afferent nerve fibres survived. CONCLUSIONS: With accurate location and good control of temperature, radiofrequency thermocoagulation will be an effective therapy for the patients suffering from pain resulted from pathological changes of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Association of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in Han Chinese population].

OBJECTIVE: To access the association of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH). METHODS: The alleles in DQA1 and DQB1 loci of patients with VKH matched with 50 healthy controls were subtyped by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: DQA1 * 0301 and DQB1 * 0401 alleles were in close association with VKH syndrome, as compared to the controls (Pc < 10(-7)), with the relative risk (RR) 16.47 and 88.00, respectively. The frequency of DQA1 * 0301-DQB1 * 0401 haplotype in patients with VKH was also significantly higher than that in healthy controls (78.6%, 4.0%, Pc < 10(-7), RR = 88.00). Among the 15 patients who were negative for the haplotype of DQA1 * 0301-DQB1 * 0401, 7 of them were found to be positive for DRB1 * 15-DQA1 * 0102-DQB1 * 0602/3 haplotype, with the frequency significantly higher than that in the controls (46.7%, 12.5%, Pc = 0.01, RR = 6.13). However, DQA1 * 0103-DQB1 * 0601 was the only one of the DQA1-DQB1 haplotypes with a significantly lower frequency in patients with VKH in comparison with that in the controls (2.9%, 24%, Pc = 0.001, RR = 0.09). The susceptible haplotype was not related to the clinical features. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that DQA1 * 0301-DQB1 * 0401 and DRB1 * 15-DQA1 * 0102-DQB1 * 0602/3 be associated with the susceptibility in VKH. On the other hand, DQA1 * 0103-DQB1 * 0601 may play a role in resisting against VKH syndrome.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Influence of triiodothyronine and insulin on liver adenine nucleotide levels in portal triad-clamping rats].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of triiodothyronine(T3) and insulin on liver adenine nucleotide levels in portal triad-clamping rats. METHOD: A rat model of normothermic portal triad clamping was established to observe the influence of T3 and insulin on the contents of liver adenine nucleotides and survival rates. RESULT: The ATP levels and the 72 h-survival rate of T3 group were significantly higher than those of insulin group and saline group(P < 0.05). The blood glucose levels were obviously decreased and all the rats died within 6 hours postoperation in insulin group. CONCLUSIONS: T3 can improve hepatic energy metabolism after portal triad clamping and increase survival rate, whereas such effects were not found in insulin group.

Adenine Nucleotides↗

PubMed1999

[The effect of riboflavin on lipid peroxidation in rats].

In order to study the effect of riboflavin on lipid peroxidation in rats, randomized block design was used to study the effect of different riboflavin levels on the riboflavin status and lipid peroxidation of S.D. rats. The rats fed with riboflavin deficient diets for 6 weeks had higher levels of BGRAC, blood malondialdehyde and lower levels of GSH than those with riboflavin sufficient diets. The RBC SOD activity is also reduced in riboflavin deficiency rats. It is concluded that riboflavin deficiency increases the extent of lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Inhibitory effect of paeonol on experimental atherosclerosis in quails].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of paeonol on experimental atherosclerosis in quails caused by high lipid feeding. METHOD: The effects of oral administration of 300 and 600 mg/kg of paeonol on lipid levels in serum, hemorrheology and aortic intimal abnormalities were investigated. RESULT: Paeonol decreased TC, TG, LDL, vLDL, APOB100 levels in serum and TC levels in aorta and liver. The ratios of HDL/TC, HDL2/HDL3, apoA1/apoB100 were elevated. In addition, the drug reduced the whole blood viscosity, Plasma viscosity and plasma fibrinogen, and inhibited erythrocyte aggregation. CONCLUSION: Oral administration of paeonol can reduce the development of atherosclerosis.

Acetophenones↗

PubMed1999

[Effect of puerarin on coronary collateral circulation in dogs with experimental acute myocardial infarction].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect and mechanism of puerarin on coronary collateral circulation in dogs with experimental acute myocardial infarction. METHOD: Twelve dogs were randomly divided into puerarin (Gegen su, G) group and control(C) group, the acute myocardial infarction model was built in all dogs. Puerarin or saline was administered for 21 days. Coronary angiography was performed before and after ligating coronary artery. The capillaries and distribution vessel density in tissue sections of myocardium were assessed. RESULT: Angiography on hour 2 and day 22 after ligating coronary artery revealed significant augmentation of collateral vessels in G group versus controls. Capillaries and distribution vessel density in ischemic and infarctive zone on day 22 revealed statistically significant augmentation in G group versus controls (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Puerarin might improve the opening and forming of coronary collateral circulation to ischemic myocardium in dogs and protect ischemic myocardium.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Applied anatomic study on intraorbital and intraethmoidal parts of ethmoidal artery].

OBJECTIVE: In order to provide anatomic data for operation of ethmoidal sinus and optic canal decompression. METHOD: Using microanatomic method, the intraorbital and intraethmoidal parts of ethmoidal arteries were observed and measured. RESULT: The length of intraorbital segment of anterior ethmoidal artery was 5.16 +/- 1.24 mm, and its diameter was 0.56 +/- 0.17 mm; the length of intraorbital segment of posterior ethmoidal artery was 9.08 +/- 2.29 mm, with diameter 0.37 +/- 0.14 mm. The ethmoidal artery, nerve and vein were surrounded by fascial sheath which could extend to ethmoidal sinus. Three variants of ethmoidal arteries could be found: It passed through bony canal; It went between the superior wall of ethmoidal cell and ethmoidal mucosa; One part went through bony canal, but the other did not. CONCLUSION: It was important to find ethmoidal artery in operation of ethmoidal sinus and optic canal decompression.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Analysis of results of fundamental frequency and voice parameter in healthy young people].

OBJECTIVE: To study and analyzing the parameter values of voice in normal healthy young people. METHOD: In present paper, voice quality of 153 cases were collected and analyzed with Dr. Speech software. RESULT: Jitter was (0.18 +/- 0.07)%, Shimmer (1.60 +/- 0.74)%, HNR (Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio) (25.34 +/- 3.12) dB, SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) (25.39 +/- 3.09) dB and NNE (Normalized Noise Energy(-16.95 +/- 3.57) dB. Average of fundamental frequency in male was (160.81 +/- 24.27) Hz, in female was (297.42 +/- 35.89) Hz and in all was (206.35 +/- 70.77) Hz. At the same time, the results of some correlative parameter about voice was taken. CONCLUSION: We considered that there were significant differences between gender about fundamental frequency in parameter values of voice. Three formant produced at 4.5 times, 8.64 times, 17.04 times of the fundamental frequency in male, at 2.07 times, 4.96 times, 7.28 times in female. This data was usefulness to evaluate voice results of normal or abnormal.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[A study of time-dependent blood flow distribution in ischemic myocardium and its dependence on perfusion pressure with modeling and emulation].

A mathematical model was proposed for studying the time-dependent blood flow distribution in ischemic myocardium with different developments of collateral circulation. The model includes the blood perfusion of normal myocardium and ischemic myocardium. There are three classical myocardial vascular nets in each part and each net is represented by a branch of time-dependent nonlinear resistance and compliance. Experimentally measured aortic pressure and left ventricular pressure from six male dogs were taken as input data for emulation. The results demonstrate that raising perfusion pressure with external counterpulsation can improve the blood perfusion condition in ischemic myocardium.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Genotype and sequence analysis of merozoite surface protein 1 of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Yunnan province].

AIM: To identify the genotype of merozoite surface protein 1 of Plasmodium falciparum in Yunnan Province and explore the polymorphism of MSP1 genes in geographical characteristics and genetics. METHODS: Nested polymerase chain reaction was applied to genotyping of P. falciparum isolated in Yunnan Province. Some of parasite alleles were sequenced by dye primer cycle sequencing. RESULTS: In 30 P. falciparum infections, 38 different alleles were found. Of them, the dominant allele was a variant of MAD20, while was K1 less and the RO33 was few. In addition, incidences of mixed allele infections were observed. Sequence analysis showed that DNA sequences of MAD20, K1 and RO33 alleles from Yunnan were highly homologous with those of international standard strains, respectively. CONCLUSION: Composition and sequence characteristics of P. falciparum arasite population in the endemic area can be detected by genotyping with MSP1 as genetic marker, which would be useful for the prevention and treatment of malaria.

Alleles↗

PubMed1999

[The theoretical study of Raman imaging for pendent drop adsorbed by uniaxial orientated molecules].

In this paper, Raman imaging method used to determine molecular orientation of LB film on pendent drop is proposed. For the molecules which is of uniaxial orientation, all of Raman activity matrix elements have been calculated. The intensity distribution of Raman imaging for pendent drop and the ratio distribution of polarized Raman intensity used to determining molecular orientation have also been calculated and drawn out.

English Abstract↗