Biomedical subjects

Q Liao

Publications and source records attributed to Q Liao.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Clinical and pathological analysis on 106 cases with uterine sarcoma].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features and factors affecting the prognosis of uterine sarcoma with different histological types. METHODS: One hundred and six cases with uterine sarcoma treated were analyzed retrospectively, among which there were 67 cases with leiomyosarcoma (63.2%), 23 with malignant endometrial interstitial sarcomas (21.7%), 16 with malignant Mullerian mixed tumor (15.1%). According to Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) staging, 70 cases were on stage I, 12 cases were on stage II, 19 cases belonged to stage III, and 5 cases belonged to stage IV. RESULTS: (1) The patients with leiomyosarcoma and endometrial interstitial sarcoma were relatively younger, the patients of them aged under 50 amounted to 70.1% (47/67) and 60.9% (14/23) respectively, and those aged under 40 amounted to 29.9% (20/67) and 39.1% (9/23) respectively. The patients usually manifested with abnormal vaginal bleeding (67.0%), palpable mass of lower abdomen (32.1%), vaginal discharge (27.4%), pain on lower abdomen (28.4%), symptoms of oppression (25.5%), and discomfort feeling (28.3%). (2) The rate of preoperative diagnosis was 65.9%, especially that of leiomyosarcoma was lowest (42.9%). (3) In treatment, 16.0% of patients was treated by hysterectomy; bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy; 75.5% of them by hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; after operation, 74.5% of them were treated by chemotherapy, 11.3% by radiotherapy, 6.6% by additional progesterone. (4) The survival period of the patients was related to pathologic types and clinical stages and ages of the patients. The prognosis of the patients with leiomyosarcoma younger earlier stage was better. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical symptom of uterine sarcoma is nonspecific (mostly abnormal vaginal bleeding) and the prognosis is poor. The patients with leiomyosarcoma are younger and have better prognosis, but the rate of preoperative diagnosis is low. The prognosis of uterine sarcoma is related to pathologic types, clinical stage and ages of the patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[A study of the acting mechanism of aspirin for resistance to oxidative damage].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of aspirin for resistance to oxidative damage in endothelial cells. METHODS: Using cultured endothelial cells, we measured the levels of aspirin induced ferritin expression on resistance to hydrogen peroxide toxicity toward cells in the presence of the iron chelator desferrioxamine added to FeCl3. RESULTS: Aspirin at low concentration (0.1 mmol/L) induced significant increase of ferritin expression in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion up to 25% over basal levels(P < 0.05). Preincubating the cells for 8 h with aspirin (0.1 mmol/L) reduced lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release rate by 50%, toxicity reduction by 40%, and significant decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) production. Aspirin induced cytoprotection from H2O2 damage was also in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion. However, in the presence of the iron chelator desferrioxamine, aspirin enhanced ferritin synthesis was abrogated, in contrast, FeCl3 increased aspirin induced ferritin synthesis in cells. CONCLUSION: The study suggested that the antioxidation of aspirin was brought into action by affecting the cellular iron metabolism pathway to induce ferritin synthesis.

Antioxidants↗

PubMed2001

[Diagnosis and treatment of one hundred and eighty-nine patients with chronic pancreatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience of the diagnosis and therapy of chronic pancreatitis (CP). METHODS: 189 patients with chronic pancreatitis confirmed surgically from 1983 to Aug 1999 admitted in our hospital were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Of all 189 patients, the average age was forty-eight years old. The ratio of male to female is 2.1:1. The proportion of confirmed diagnosis to CP is 51.3% within one year and 80.4% within the first five years. The positive rate for diagnosis was 71.9% by CT and 76.9% by ERCP respectively. The positive rate of PABA was 69.7%. While 136(72%) patients received operations, the rate of complication was low. One patient died of infection after pancreatic fistula at the seventh day after surgery, and 97.8% of patients suffered less pain. CONCLUSIONS: The early diagnosis of CP is difficult. As a delicate operation program set at appropriate time is of vital importance for modifying the course of the disease and improving patients' life quality.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Film Formation of Mixed Polymer Latex in the Water Evaporation Stage.

Brownian dynamics simulations of the filming process of a mixed polymer latex in the water evaporation stage were performed in order to explore the effect of surface potential on latex particle packing and distribution at a temperature far below the glass transitions of polymers in bulk. Polymer latex particles are modeled as spheres that interact via DLVO potential with various surface charge densities for emulsifier-free emulsion polymerized particles and dispersion polymerized particles. It is found that the distribution of modeled poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene latex particles in the finally formed film exhibits a noticeable dependence of surface potentials of latex particles. When the difference of the surface potentials between binary mixed latex particles is small, the particles distribute randomly. In contrast, when the difference of the surface potentials between binary mixed latex particles is large, heterocoagulation occurs and the polymer latex in which the repulsive electrostatic potential is weak will form clusters in the film. The results are in agreement with laser confocal fluorescence microscopy observations of fluorescent dye labeled poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene mixed latex films. The correlation between latex particles increases with increasing repulsive electrostatic potential, and the spatial order can be obtained at the end of the water evaporation stage. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2000

Viral genetic heterogeneity in HIV-1-infected individuals is associated with increasing use of HAART and higher viremia.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlation between the outgrowth of mutant viruses (viral genetic heterogeneity), highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and plasma HIV-1 RNA in a population-based observational cohort study. DESIGN: The study population consisted of 42 HIV-1-infected individuals receiving at least two nucleotide reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors and one or more protease inhibitors at study entry. There were no restrictions on antiretroviral therapy after enrollment. METHODS: Plasma samples were obtained from subjects at baseline, at therapy changes, and at quarterly intervals for quantitation of HIV-1 RNA levels and for sequence determination of the entire protease coding region and the first 235 codons of the reverse transcriptase coding region. Data were analyzed using the generalized estimating equation method for longitudinal data and using linear regression analysis. RESULTS: With increased time on HAART there were significant increases in the number of total HIV-1 mutations in the regions sequenced (P = 0.010). There were significant correlations between the increases in the plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and the numbers of total mutations and reverse transcriptase mutations (P = 0.007 and 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The number of HIV-1 mutations increased over time. Failure of HAART in this study population was correlated with outgrowth of virus with numerous mutations in the reverse transcriptase and protease coding regions. Phenotypic results correlated with genotypic results, showing decreased susceptibility to antiretrovirals over time in the majority of this population during HAART. Both synonymous and non-synonymous mutations were observed, with a higher incidence of non-synonymous mutations occurring at codons associated with drug resistance.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

WWOX, a novel WW domain-containing protein mapping to human chromosome 16q23.3-24.1, a region frequently affected in breast cancer.

Studies were conducted with the final goal of identifying genes of interest mapping to the chromosome region 16q23.3-24.1, an area commonly affected by allelic losses in breast cancer. To this end we generated a detailed physical map of the genomic region spanning between sequence-tagged site markers D16S518 and D16S516. To identify candidate genes, we used shotgun genomic sequencing as well as isolation and analysis of transcripts mapping to the area of interest. We identified and cloned a novel gene, the genomic structure of which spans the whole region of interest. We named this gene WWOX because it contains two WW domains coupled to a region with high homology to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family of enzymes. The ORF of WWOX is 1245 bp long, encoding a 414-amino acid protein. This gene is composed of nine exons. We performed a mutation screening of WWOX exons in a panel of breast cancer lines, most of which are hemizygous for the 16q genomic region indicated. We found no evidence of mutations, thus indicating that WWOX is probably not a tumor suppressor gene. However, we observed that one case of homozygous deletion as well as two previously described translocation breakpoints map to intronic regions of this gene. We speculate that WWOX may span the yet uncharacterized common fragile site FRA16D region. In expression studies we found overexpression of WWOX in breast cancer cell lines when compared with normal breast cells and tissues. The highest normal expression of WWOX was observed in hormonally regulated tissues such as testis, ovary, and prostate. This expression pattern and the presence of a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase domain and specific amino acid features suggest a role for WWOX in steroid metabolism. Interestingly, the presence of WW domains in the structure of WWOX indicate the likelihood that this protein physically interacts with other proteins. The unique features of WWOX and its possible association with cancer processes make it an interesting target for further investigation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2000

The effects of epinephrine/norepinephrine on end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration, coronary perfusion pressure and pulmonary arterial blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

End-tidal CO2 concentration correlates with pulmonary blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and has been claimed to be a useful tool to judge the effectiveness of chest compression. A high concentration of end-tidal CO2 has been related to a better outcome. However, most authors have noticed a decrease in end-tidal CO2 concentration after administration of epinephrine, concomitant with an increase in coronary perfusion pressure and an increased incidence of return of spontaneous circulation. This study was performed to evaluate changes in end-tidal CO2 concentration after injection of vasopressors during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and to investigate the time-course of the response and possible explanations for it. After 1 min of electrically induced cardiac arrest and 5 min of chest compressions, 18 pigs were randomly assigned to receive 0.045 mg kg(-1) epinephrine, 0.045 mg kg(-1) norepinephrine or no drug. After another 4 min of chest compressions the pigs were defibrillated. End-tidal CO2, pulmonary blood flow and coronary perfusion pressure decreased immediately after the induction of cardiac arrest, increased slightly during chest compressions and increased initially to supernormal levels after the return of spontaneous circulation. Injection of epinephrine or norepinephrine during chest compressions decreased end-tidal CO2 51 +/- 2%, (mean +/- S.E.M.), and 43 +/- 1%, respectively, and pulmonary blood flow by 134 +/- 13 and 125 +/- 16%, respectively, within 1 min, simultaneously increasing coronary perfusion pressure from 10 +/- 2 to 45 +/- 5 mm Hg and from 11 +/- 1 to 38 +/- 5 mm Hg, respectively. The coronary perfusion pressure slowly fell, but the effects on end-tidal CO2 and pulmonary blood flow were prolonged. In conclusion, vasopressors increased coronary perfusion pressure and the likelihood of a return of spontaneous circulation, but decreased end-tidal CO2 concentration and induced a critical deterioration in cardiac output and thus oxygen delivery in this model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: expression of cytotoxic-granule-associated protein TIA-1 and its relation with Epstein-Barr virus infection].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic features, the expression of cytotoxic-granule-associated protein TIA-1 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL). METHODS: Totally 17 cases of SPTCL were studied. Immunohistochemical staining was done for TIA-1, CD45RO, CD3, CD20 and CD68, and in situ hybridization for EBV encoded small nuclear RNA (EBER1/2). RESULTS: In the 17 cases of SPTCL, the ratio of male-to-female was 1:1.1 and the median age was 24 years old. The main clinical manifestations were asymptomatic plaques, nodules and masses. Histologically, the pattern of lymphoid cells infiltration was panniculitis. The infiltrated lymphoid cells were pleomorphic and their mitotic figures were few (0 - 2/hpt). In the tumor tissue, there might be epithilioid granulomas, multinuclear cells, beanbag cells, small pieces of necrosis and small vessels with lymphoid cells infiltration in the vascular wall. Immunohistochemically, all the cases showed a T-cell phenotype and the expression rate of TIA-1 was 100% (16/16). By in situ hybridization, the positive rate of EBV-EBER1/2 was 29.4% (5/17). CONCLUSIONS: SPTCL has a specific histopathologic picture. It may originate from cytotoxic T lymphocytes or NK cells. Some of them may be accompanying with EBV latent infection.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Effects of cardioplegic flushing, storage, and reperfusion on coronary circulation in the pig.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate how flush-perfusion of the heart with cold cardioplegic solution, 2 or 12 hours of cold ischemic storage, and 24 hours of reperfusion affect coronary endothelial function and coronary vascular resistance. METHODS: Porcine coronary arterial endothelial and smooth muscle function was studied in organ baths. An adult porcine working heart model was used to investigate coronary vascular resistance after 24 hours of reperfusion. RESULTS: Flushing the heart with 1 L of St. Thomas' cardioplegic solution, using a perfusion pressure of 60 to 65 mm Hg, significantly reduced endothelium-dependent relaxation. Flushing followed by 12 hours of storage gravely impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation, and 24 hours of reperfusion worsened it still more. CONCLUSIONS: Flushing the heart with cold cardioplegic solution impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation, as does prolonged cold ischemic storage. Reperfusion of injured coronary endothelium may injure it still more. A correlation was found (p < 0.001) between high coronary vascular resistance and low endothelium-dependent relaxation.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗

PubMed1999

Regression analysis of doubly censored failure time data with applications to AIDS studies.

In many epidemiological studies, the survival time of interest is the elapsed time between two related events, the originating event and the failure event, and the times of the occurrences of both events are right or interval censored. We discuss the regression analysis of such studies and a simple estimating equation approach is proposed under the proportional hazards model. The method can easily be implemented and does not involve any iteration among unknown parameters, as full likelihood approaches proposed in the literature do. The asymptotic properties of the proposed regression coefficient estimates are derived and an AIDS cohort study is analyzed to illustrate the proposed approach.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1999

[A study on the T-cell subsets and glucocorticoid receptor in children with anaphylactoid purpura].

To study the changes of T-cell subsets and glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) in children with anaphylactoid purpura. T-cell subsets and GCR were measured respectively by cytotoxicity assay and GCR radioligand-binding assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 35 children with anaphylactoid purpura and 35 normal children. The result showed that the average percentages of CD3+, CD4+ cell subtypes and the CD4+/CD3+ ratio were 46.03% +/- 9.40%, 31.06% +/- 6.80% and 1.23 +/- 0.33 respectively, and the GCR numbered 3060 +/- 2153 binding sites per cell in the study group, on the other hand, the average percentages of CD3+, CD4+ cell subtypes and the CD4+/CD3+ ratio were 53.11% +/- 5.40%, 35.01% +/- 4.41% and 1.52 +/- 0.26 respectively, and the GCR numbered 5210 +/- 1639 binding sites per cell in the control group. These indicate that and that patients with anaphylactoid purpura may have abnormal immunomodulations and decreased GCR numbers per cell, which may have effects on the immune dysfunctions in the pathogenesis of anaphylactoid purpura.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[The relationship between the expression of transferrin receptors (TfR) on leukemia cells and the cell proliferation and iron metabolism status in childhood acute leukemias].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between transferrin receptor (TfR) expression and cell proliferation capacity and iron metabolism status. METHODS: The binding site numbers and dissociation constant (Kd) of TfR of leukemic cells were assayed by radio-ligand binding assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The binding site numbers of TfR were (7.826 +/- 6.054) x 10(4) sites/cell in ALL group and (20.406 +/- 17.876) x 10(4) sites/cell in AML group, and the Kds of TfR were (6.468 +/- 4.777) nmol/L and (8.683 +/- 4.890) nmol/L, respectively. The binding sites of TfR were significantly less in complete remission group than in relapsed or dead groups. There was a positive relationship between the TfR binding sites and the 3H-TdR incorporation in the leukemic cells (AML and ALL) and in the phytohemagglutinin stimulated peripheral mononuclear cells. In both ALL and AML group, the SF, CF were higher and Tf, TIBC were lower than those in control group. TfR binding sites were positively correlated with SF and CF, and negatively with Tf.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[The effect of blood-pancreatic juice barrier on 5-fluorouracil in post-pancreatoduodenectomy patients].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution and the relationship of 5-Fu in the plasma and the pancreatic juice in post-pancreatoduodenectomy patients after 5-Fu given intravenously. METHODS: After 5-Fu (1.0 g/m(2)) was given intravenously in post-pancreatoduodenectomy patients, blood and pancreatic juice were collected. The 5-Fu concentrations were determined by HPLC and at last the penetration ratio (PR) of 5-Fu was studied with PCNONLIN. RESULTS: 5-Fu in the plasma penetrated the pancreatic tissue and crossed the blood-pancreatic juice barrier (BPJB) in post-pancreatoduodenectomy patients (PR = 1.01 +/- 0.49). The concentration of 5-Fu in pancreatic juice was much higher than that in plasma. CONCLUSIONS: 5-Fu is suitable for adjuvant chemotherapy of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

[Effect of preoperative chemotherapy on apoptosis and tissues of pancreatic adenocarcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the apoptosis and tissues change of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with or without preoperative chemotherapy and discuss the effect of preoperative regional chemotherapy on pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell. METHODS: Using the method of TUNEL and microscope, we determined the apoptosis of tumor cells and tissues changes in 30 pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with or without preoperative chemotherapy. RESULTS: The ratio of apoptosis was much higher in the preoperatively treated group than in the untreated group (44.87 +/- 27.78) and (3.6 +/- 3.76)/HP, (P < 0.01). The ratio of apoptosis was related to the tissue type of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The ratio of apoptosis in the highly differentiated adenocarcinoma group was much higher than that in the middle or low differentiated adenocarcinoma group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The inflammatory reaction and the proliferous intima of vessels were more obvious in the preoperatively treated group than in the untreated group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative regional chemotherapy can effectively inhibit pancreatic adenocarcinoma by inducing the apoptosis of tumor cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

[Relationship between smoking and drinking and herniation of intervertebral disc].

To study whether there is relationship between smoking and drinking and herniation of intervertebral disc, we investigated 214 patients who had been proved with herniation of intervertebral disk during 1986-1996. The results were that in the younger (< or = 35 year old), no matter whether they drank or not, the number of smoker in the patients with herniation of intervertebral disc was more than that in the control group; no matter whether they smoked or not, the number of drinker in the patients with herniation of intervertebral disc was more than that in the control group.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Hip ambulatory abduction in the treatment of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease].

Forty-eight cases of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease were treated with hip ambulatory abduction brace. The children were able to walk, sit, climb, or squat with the brace. Thirty-nine cases were followed up more than three years. The total excellent rate was 82%. The result of Catterall Grade I-II cases was all excellent. The excellent rate was 80% below five-year-old cases of Catterall III-IV during the start of the treatment and 66.6% above five. With the active hip abduction and internal rotation, the femoral head was held well. The results show that the method is simple and with no operation and with satisfactory effect of the treatment.

Braces↗

PubMed1999

[Clinical analysis of 12 cases of long bone ossifying fibromas].

Twelve cases of ossifying fibroma of long bones, the lesions in 11 cases were resected with their sclerotic margin. Inactivation of the tumor cells within bone cavity was applied 50% Zinc Chloride, and autogenous bone grafts were applied with or without a few man-made bones. One case was treated by en bloc resection of the lesion. Follow-up for 3-14 years revealed that 2 cases recurred, and secondary operation was performed. After that follow-up for 5-14 years revealed no-recurrence. Recurrence rate of these cases was low and the effect of treatment was satisfactory. This kind of lesion showed the features of its aggressive growth and proneness to recur after operation. The authors consider that resection of the lesion including its sclerotic margin was effective to prevent recurrence.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Apoptosis of human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines induced by combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the apoptotic in human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines P3, SW1990 and Capan-2 induced by the combined treatment of 5-fluorouracil (5FU), mitomycin C (MMC), carboplatin(CBP) or adriamycine (ADM) or epirubicin (E-ADM). METHODS: The changes of cell morphology were monitored by means of microscopic and fluorescence technique after treated with the combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs. The rate of apoptosis was calculated with flow cytometry and the fragmentation of DNA was measured by agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs were able to induce the apoptosis of human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Compared with the cell necrosis, the dosage of drugs was less and the time was shorter for inducing apoptosis. With the increased dosage and/or the time prolonged for treating the cells, the rate of apoptotic cells was increased. However, the apoptosis reaction of various human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, which were mentioned above, induced by the same combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs were various different. CONCLUSIONS: The apoptosis process might be a mechanism of an inhibiting cancer cell growth induced by the combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs. The examination of apoptosis reaction for the cells induced by different methods and/or chemotherapeutic drugs could become an important index of testing their ability of inhibiting pancreatic neoplasm.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗