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Pertti Mustajoki

Publications and source records attributed to Pertti Mustajoki.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Effect of orlistat on weight regain and cardiovascular risk factors following a very-low-energy diet in abdominally obese patients: a 3-year randomized, placebo-controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of orlistat on the maintenance of weight loss over 3 years following a major weight loss induced by very-low-energy diet (VLED) in obese patients with metabolic risk factors such as dyslipidemia, impaired fasting glucose, and diet-treated type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Initially, weight loss was induced by an 8-week VLED (600-800 kcal/day) in 383 patients with a mean BMI of 37.5 kg/m(2) (range 30.0-45.2). Those who lost > or = 5% of their body weight (309 of 383 patients) were then randomized to receive lifestyle counseling for 3 years together with either orlistat 120 mg t.i.d. or matching placebo capsules. Primary end points were the maintenance of > or = 5% weight loss after 3 years. Additionally, differences in the development of type 2 diabetes between orlistat and placebo were analyzed. RESULTS: The VLED induced a mean weight loss of 14.4 +/- 2.0 kg among the subsequently randomized patients. The mean weight gain after 3 years was lower with orlistat than with placebo (4.6 +/- 8.6 vs. 7.0 +/- 7.1 kg; P < 0.02). The number of participants who achieved > or =5% weight loss also favored orlistat (67 vs. 56%; P = 0.037). Waist circumference was significantly more reduced in the orlistat group (P < 0.05), but no other differences in the risk factors were observed between the two groups. The incidences of new cases of type 2 diabetes were significantly reduced in the orlistat group (8 cases out of 153 subjects) versus placebo (17 cases out of 156 subjects) (P = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of orlistat to lifestyle intervention was associated with maintenance of an extra 2.4 kg weight loss after VLED for up to 3 years in obese subjects. The combination of orlistat and lifestyle intervention was associated with a reduced occurrence of type 2 diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Not Available].

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Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

[Not Available].

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Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

A cognitive-behavioral weight reduction program in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with or without initial nasal CPAP: a randomized study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To evaluate (a) whether an active weight reduction strategy based on the cognitive-behavioral approach and an initial very-low-calorie diet might lead to short- and long-term weight loss and alleviation of OSAS; and (b) whether the results of this intervention could be enhanced by combining it with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment during the first 6 months. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-one obese male symptomatic sleep apnea patients underwent a 2-year weight reduction program with total follow-up of 36 months from baseline. The mean age (+/-SD) was 49.1+/-7.9 years, body mass index 43.8+/-5.4, and oxygen desaturation index (ODI4) 51.3+/-31.1. The patients were randomized to CPAP (17 patients) and non-CPAP groups (14 patients). RESULTS: The mean weight loss was 19.1+/-10.2 kg (14% of the original weight) for the whole group at 6 months, 18.3+/-13.2 (13%) at 12 months and 12.6+/-14.7 kg (9%) at 24 months. Excellent or good treatment results, as defined in terms of an ODI4 (average number of oxygen desaturation events p/h>4% from baseline) reduction of at least 50% from the baseline, were seen in 61% of patients at 6 months and were still observable in 42% of patients at 24 months. The correlations between changes in weight and in ODI4 were 0.59 (P<0.01) at 6 months, 0.68 (P<0.01) and 0.75 (P<0.01) at 24 months. Adding CPAP treatment to the weight reduction therapy for the first 6 months did not result in greater weight loss or diminution of desaturation indices (without CPAP) at any time point. One year after the termination of the program the mean weight loss was 6.6+/-12.9 kg, and 42% of patients still showed at least 5% weight loss as compared with their original weight. CONCLUSION: Satisfactory weight loss associated with improvement of OSAS could be achieved by means of a cognitive-behavioral weight loss program. Adding CPAP in the initial phase of the weight reduction program did not result in significantly greater weight loss.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Sex hormones and sexual function in obese men losing weight.

OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of a weight-loss program on sex hormones and sexual function among 38 middle-aged obese men (BMI >or=35 kg/m(2)). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. The treatment group (n = 19) participated in a 4-month weight-loss program including 10 weeks on a very-low-energy diet (VLED) and 17 behavior modification visits. There was no intervention in the control group (n = 19). Both groups were followed for 8 months, i.e., 22 weeks after the active weight loss in the treatment group. The outcome measures (weight, sex hormones, sexual function, leptin, and metabolic variables) were obtained at baseline and at three time-points during follow-up. RESULTS: The mean weight loss in the treatment group was 21 kg at the end of the 10-week VLED. At the end of follow-up, the maintained weight loss was 17 kg of baseline weight. The control group was weight stable throughout the study. In the treatment group, increases in sex hormone-binding globulin, testosterone, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, as well as decreases in insulin and leptin, were maintained until the end of follow-up, although with VLED, the level of several hormones and metabolic variables improved transiently during the rapid weight loss. There were no significant changes in the questionnaire scores on sexual function in either group. DISCUSSION: We conclude that obese men lose weight and increase their serum testosterone level on a weight-loss program with VLED and behavior modification. However, they do not change their sexual function scores.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed2003

The SLC6A14 gene shows evidence of association with obesity.

In our previous genome-wide scan of Finnish nuclear families, obesity was linked to chromosome Xq24. Here we analyzed this 15-Mb region by genotyping 9 microsatellite markers and 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 11 positional and functional candidate genes in an extended sample of 218 obese Finnish sibling pairs (sibpairs) (BMI > 30 kg/m2). Evidence of linkage emerged mainly from the obese male sibpairs, suggesting a gender-specific effect for the underlying gene. By constructing haplotypes among the obese male sibpairs, we restricted the region from 15 Mb to 4 Mb, between markers DXS8088 and DXS8067. Regional functional candidate genes were tested for association in an initial sample of 117 cases and 182 controls. Significant evidence was observed for association for an SNP in the 3'-untranslated region of the solute carrier family 6 member 14 (SLC6A14) gene (P = 0.0002) and for SNP haplotypes of the SLC6A14 gene (P = 0.0007-0.006). Furthermore, an independent replication study sample of 837 cases and 968 controls from Finland and Sweden also showed significant differences in allele frequencies between obese and non-obese individuals (P = 0.003). The SLC6A14 gene is an interesting novel candidate for obesity because it encodes an amino acid transporter, which potentially regulates tryptophan availability for serotonin synthesis and thus possibly affects appetite control.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Clinical and biochemical characteristics and genotype-phenotype correlation in Finnish variegate porphyria patients.

Variegate porphyria (VP) is an inherited metabolic disease resulting from the partial deficiency of protoporphyrinogen oxidase, the penultimate enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway. We have evaluated the clinical and biochemical outcome of 103 Finnish VP patients diagnosed between 1966 and 2001. Fifty-two per cent of patients had experienced clinical symptoms: 40% had photosensitivity, 27% acute attacks and 14% both manifestations. The proportion of patients with acute attacks has decreased dramatically from 38 to 14% in patients diagnosed before and after 1980, whereas the prevalence of skin symptoms had decreased only subtly from 45 to 34%. We have studied the correlation between PPOX genotype and clinical outcome of 90 patients with the three most common Finnish mutations I12T, R152C and 338G-->C. The patients with the I12T mutation experienced no photosensitivity and acute attacks were rare (8%). Therefore, the occurrence of photosensitivity was lower in the I12T group compared to the R152C group (P=0.001), whereas no significant differences between the R152C and 338G-->C groups could be observed. Biochemical abnormalities were significantly milder suggesting a milder form of the disease in patients with the I12T mutation. In all VP patients, normal excretion of protoporphyrin in faeces in adulthood predicted freedom from both skin symptoms and acute attacks. The most valuable test predicting an increased risk of symptoms was urinary coproporphyrin, but only a substantially increased excretion exceeding 1,000 nmol/day was associated with an increased risk of both skin symptoms and acute attacks. All patients with an excretion of more than 1,000 nmol/day experienced either skin symptoms, acute attacks, or both.

Adolescent↗