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Biomedical subjects

Paul E Garfinkel

Publications and source records attributed to Paul E Garfinkel.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Relationship between bipolar illness and binge-eating disorders.

In this study we describe the frequency of eating disorders (EDs) in a group of bipolar (BP) patients. We evaluated a sample of 51 outpatients, diagnosed as having BP I disorder on the basis of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Each of these subjects was administered the Binge Eating Disorder Clinical Interview (BEDCI) to determine the presence of binge eating disorder (BED) or bulimia nervosa (BN). Of the 51 BP patients, 14 (9 BED, 5 BN) met criteria for an ED. Most patients developed binge eating coincident with the first episode of BP disorder or after the onset of it. This was true for those who developed BED as well as BN, and involved both manic and depressive phases. All BN patients were women (5/5), and family history of binge eating was present in 80% of BN subjects, but only in 22.2% of BED and 29.7% of non-ED BP patients. We found a high frequency of concordance between BP illness and binge eating problems in our sample of BP patients. Given the temporal sequence of the mood disorder, which generally preceded the ED, we suggest a model in which the ED evolves due to modulation of emotions with food, as well as use of medications to treat BP disorder that disrupt hunger and satiety mechanisms. Given differences in gender distribution and family history, cultural and familial influences may also be significant in the minority of BP binge-eating patients who develop BN.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Predictors of professional and personal satisfaction with a career in psychiatry.

BACKGROUND: Many factors, including personal experience and personality traits, contribute to the emotional difficulties that psychiatrists experience in their professional work. The nature of the work itself also plays a significant role. OBJECTIVE: To determine those personal and professional characteristics that predict satisfaction with the practice of psychiatry. METHOD: We mailed a questionnaire that included items pertaining to aspects of personal and professional life to the entire population of psychiatrists in Ontario (N = 1574). RESULTS: Of the 1574, 52% (n = 802) responded. We conducted a series of regression analyses to determine factors related to career satisfaction or regret. A belief in the intrinsic value of psychiatry, a low perceived degree of emotional burden from patients, financial success, and satisfaction with psychotherapeutic work emerged consistently as significant predictors. A subsequent discriminant function analysis indicated that all 4 of these variables accurately predicted those psychiatrists with extreme satisfaction or dissatisfaction with work. CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal several variables associated with career satisfaction in the practice of psychiatry that might be useful to discuss with residents who are beginning their careers.

Career Choice↗
PubMed2004

Gender differences in the practice characteristics and career satisfaction of psychiatrists in Ontario.

OBJECTIVE: The authors explored practice characteristics, activities, and career satisfaction of male and female psychiatrists. METHOD: A questionnaire was mailed to all practicing psychiatrists in Ontario, Canada, to which 52% responded. RESULTS: More women specialized in child, women's mental health and geriatrics than did men, while men specialized more in forensics and psychosomatics. Women saw fewer patients for pharmacotherapy than did men. Women spent more time in session with their patients than did the men. Women were less involved in research, less likely to hold pharmaceutical funding, and less likely to have published within the last 5 years than men. Women described their careers as less successful than men but felt less regret in choosing psychiatry as a career. CONCLUSIONS: Men and women practicing psychiatry in Canada show similar differences to that reported in the U.S., although women report more satisfaction with their careers than men in Canada, a finding not reported in the U.S.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Characteristics of eating disorder patients without a drive for thinness.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate two samples of patients affected by anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN), respectively, with and without the diagnostic feature of drive for thinness (DT). METHOD: The samples comprised 70 consecutive eating disorder (ED) outpatients at the Department of Psychiatry (University of Pisa) and 106 AN patients admitted to a day hospital in Toronto, Canada. Subjects were assessed on clinical and psychometric parameters. RESULTS: In both countries, 17% of the subjects had low DT as measured by the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI). They comprised the atypical group and appeared to have less severe psychopathology. DISCUSSION: Weight phobia should not be viewed as critical to the diagnosis of ED and DT could be a culture-bound dimension. Considering the differences between the two groups, the characterization of patients as typical and atypical may be clinically useful.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed2002

Eating disorders.

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Anorexia Nervosa↗