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Biomedical subjects

Pasquale Marano

Publications and source records attributed to Pasquale Marano.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Post-processing of digital images.

Post-processing of bi- and three-dimensional images plays a major role for clinicians and surgeons in both diagnosis and therapy. The new spiral (single and multislice) CT and MRI machines have allowed better quality of images. With the associated development of hardware and software, post-processing has become indispensable in many radiologic applications in order to address precise clinical questions. In particular, in CT the acquisition technique is fundamental and should be targeted and optimized to obtain good image reconstruction. Multiplanar reconstructions ensure simple, immediate display of sections along different planes. Three-dimensional reconstructions include numerous procedures: multiplanar techniques as maximum intensity projections (MIP); surface rendering techniques as the Shaded Surface Display (SSD); volume techniques as the Volume Rendering Technique; techniques of virtual endoscopy. In surgery computer-aided techniques as the neuronavigator, which with information provided by neuroimaging helps the neurosurgeon in simulating and performing the operation, are extremely interesting.

Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted↗
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Computer-aided diagnosis.

The evolution of logic thought in relation to the predominant recent advances in technology is analyzed. In fact, the computer was the prime mover of this major change. At present the use of sophisticated software has allowed to attain increasingly accurate levels of simulation of human reasoning. The computer has determined profound transformations in many sectors of work, study and research. Among these, it is extremely relevant how the computer has completely transformed medicine and the medical role, especially in the field of radiology. Expert systems are the most interesting and futuristic applications of artificial intelligence. These systems are able to reproduce on a computer the behavior of an expert human being. Some of the recent innovations introduced in the field of breast, thoracic and mainly neural pathology are illustrated.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Web-based radiology: a future to be created.

The impact of Internet on Medicine and Surgery is certainly remarkable, however the influence it had on Diagnostic Imaging was even stronger. The standardization of digital images acquired by the different medical imaging equipment has further facilitated the diffusion, transmission and communication in radiology within hospitals as well as on WEB. Radiology departments are bound to become "filmless" and with the present "tablet PC" radiological images will be directly transferred to the patient's bed in the relative electronic patient report. For radiology, interactive education could be envisaged with a tutor who guides the student(s) through the network. The Internet is an inexhaustible source of radiologic educational and information material with a number of sites of clinical cases, tutorial and teaching files, journals and magisterial lectures on-line. In a near future, the Internet could be applied in the simulation of clinicoradiologic cases or in applications of artificial intelligence with expert systems to support the solution of most complex cases.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A reasoned approach to a case of suspected arteriovenous fistula.

The case of an 82-year-old female patient with severe tricuspid regurgitation come to the authors' observation for suspected arteriovenous fistula, is reported. Color-Doppler US was performed for re-evaluation. It documented the presence of systemic venous and portal pulsatility associated with severe ectasia and varicosity of infracardiac systemic venous system due to systemic venous hypertension. Color-Doppler study allowed a correct diagnostic approach, excluding the presence of an arteriovenous fistula.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT and functional respiratory tests. Evaluation of efficacy of bronchodilator therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in qualitative and quantitative parameters at high resolution CT (HRCT) and in respiratory function indexes (RFI) after bronchodilator administration in COPD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen former smokers (9 male and 6 female, mean age 65 years), with COPD were studied. Patients with asthmatic or pulmonary diseases were excluded. After informed consent, the patients underwent blood gas analysis, baseline RFI (respiratory function index), inspiratory/expiratory HRCT, administration of salbutamol and bromide (by metered-dose inhaler), RFI after 45 minutes, and inspiratory/expiratory HRCT. First, we performed a visual qualitative analysis (by means of a preformed questionnaire), and then a quantitative analysis by "density mask" programme at three levels: aortic arch, carina, and supradiaphragmatic level. By using this diagnostic approach we were able to determined the global area of each lung, dependent and independent of density, bronchus-artery ratio, emphysema extension, air trapping, morphologic distortion of the airways. RESULTS: Data correlation analysed through linear regression statistical test. Outstanding correlations were found between the RFI (Raw, SVC, IC, RV, FEV1, VP70) and, respectively, density, global lung areas, and bronchus-artery ratio changes before and after bronchodilators administration. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed the usefulness of bronchodilators and the need for a multiparametric and comparative (radiological and functional) approach to COPD, as well as the usefulness of HRCT in evaluating the response to visible airway physiologic stimulus and extension, and reversibility of air trapping.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical radiology.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
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Diagnostic approach to a rare case of osteoid osteoma of the astragalus.

A rare case of osteoid osteoma of the ankle of the left foot is discussed. Standard X-ray and MRI were negative. Triphasic bone scintigraphy followed by CT were performed. Combined clinical CT and scintigraphy findings were highly suggestive of osteoid osteoma. This diagnosis was confirmed on histology.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reasoned approach to multiple osteosclerotic lesions. Combined diagnostic imaging in a case of osteopoikilosis.

The case of a female patient who had undergone mastectomy for infiltrating ductal carcinoma and come to the Orthopedics Division for lumbosacral pain unresponsive to conventional treatment is discussed. Pelvic X-ray, CT and scintigraphy were performed. The presence of multiple areas of selerosis of the pelvis and proximal femurs were documented. The differential range could be limited to osteoblastic metastasis and osteopoikilosis. The diagnosis of osteopoikilosis was established based on scintigraphy which proved the absence of uptake of the radiotracer.

Adult↗