Understanding denial.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To explore the adaptive and maladaptive uses of denial while developing a clearer understanding of denial. DATA SOURCES: Nursing and psychological periodicals and textbooks. DATA SYNTHESIS: Oncology nurses tend to have too broad a definition of denial because they overgeneralize similar patient responses and label them as denial. Because of the uncertainty as to its value, denial is viewed as a negative, fixed response to a crisis and can strain the nurse-patient relationship. CONCLUSION: Denial is a fluid, interpersonal experience that can affect patients during many points of the cancer experience. By experiencing a clearer understanding of denial and recognizing its adaptive value, nurses can provide more effective patient care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Clinicians should not underestimate the value of the nurse-patient relationship when a patient is in denial. Patience, understanding, and self-awareness are crucial for providing a safe, trusting environment for patients who are experiencing denial.