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Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
Biomedical subjects
P Wynn
Publications and source records attributed to P Wynn.
Effects of pinealectomy on wool growth and wool follicle density in merino sheep.
There is evidence to indicate that pinealectomy may enhance wool growth in the sheep. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pinealectomy on wool growth and wool follicle density in Merino sheep. Castrated Merino rams (4 months old) were either pinealectomized (P), sham-pinealectomized (S) or not treated (C). Wool growth on mid-side patches was measured every 4 weeks and follicle density was monitored in skin biopsies collected before treatment and at regular intervals for 60 weeks. Venous blood samples were taken on each of these occasions for prolactin analysis. Melatonin concentrations were determined in venous blood collected pre- and posttreatment from samples taken over a 24-hr period during the winter solstice. Pre- and posttreatment plasma melatonin levels (mean +/- SEM) 65 +/- 17 and < 13 pg/ml for P, 86 +/- 21 and 69 +/- 20 pg/ml for S, and 94 +/- 41 and 122 +/- 37 pg/ml for C, respectively, indicated that the pineal glands had been successfully removed. Wool growth, total follicle density and liveweight (mean +/- SEM) did not differ between treatment groups. Measurements at week 60 were 3.9 +/- 0.3, 4.1 +/- 0.2, and 3.8 +/- 0.3 gm clean wool/100 cm2; 66 +/- 6, 69 +/- 7, and 64 +/- 3 follicles/mm2; and 50.4 +/- 1.3, 50.8 +/- 1.4, and 52.6 +/- 1.1 kg liveweight for groups P, S, and C, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Urinary phenylacetic acid in panic disorder with and without depression.
Phenylacetic acid (PAA) excretion was measured in 39 patients who met criteria for panic disorder; 9 of these also had major depression, and 30 did not. Patients with panic and depression excreted 66 +/- 23 mg/day of PAA, an amount significantly lower than in normal controls; patients with panic disorder but without depression excreted 104 +/- 23 mg/day of PAA (not significantly lower than controls). The results support previous studies indicating that PAA excretion is a marker for depressive disorder.
Adolescent↗
Cultivation of murine hair follicles as organoids in a collagen matrix.
Techniques are described for the isolation and cultivation of functionally intact mouse hair follicles. Follicles were isolated by collagenase digestion of dermis from 5-day-old mice and purified by differential centrifugation and filtration. Purified follicles were cultured in a Type 1 collagen matrix using Medium 199 and 8% fetal calf serum as the basic nutrient. Viability of follicles was maintained in culture since the cultures incorporated thymidine into DNA and methionine into proteins for at least 7 days. Furthermore, follicles isolated from the collagen matrix after 7 days could reattach to a plastic culture substrate or be further cultivated in a fresh collagen matrix. Functional integrity of cultured follicles was maintained since some follicle-specific cytoskeletal proteins were synthesized in vitro, and follicles isolated from the collagen matrix after 7 days formed a haired skin when recombined with dermal fibroblasts and grafted to a skin site on nude mice. Only a minority of follicles appeared to produce a mature hair shaft in vitro by morphologic criteria, however, and synthesis of the total complement of hair proteins was not observed. Cholera toxin was a strong mitogen for cultured follicles, whereas epidermal growth factor was slightly mitogenic. Epidermal growth factor stimulated the release of a Type 1 collagenase by follicle cells, however. This model system provides an opportunity for the systematic analysis of factors required for the induction of hair growth and the underlying physiology of hair follicle development. This model should also be useful for studying the role of the hair follicle in skin carcinogenesis.
Animals↗
Clinical studies on the phenylethylamine hypothesis of affective disorder: urine and blood phenylacetic acid and phenylalanine dietary supplements.
To test the hypothesis that 2-phenylethylamine (PEA) modulates affect, plasma levels and urinary excretion of its main metabolite, phenylacetic acid (PAA), were studied in depressed and manic subjects, and the mood-elevating effects of its precursor, L-phenylalanine, were studied in depressed subjects. Mean total plasma PAA concentrations were 491.83 +/- 232.84 ng/ml in 12 healthy volunteers and 300.33 +/- 197.44 ng/ml in 23 drug-free patients with major depression. The 24-hour urinary PAA excretion was also measured in 48 healthy volunteers (141.1 +/- 10.2 mg PAA/24 hr) and in 144 patients with major depression (78.2 +/- 41.0 mg PAA/24 hr). The results suggest that low plasma and urinary PAA may be state markers for depression and are compatible with the PEA hypothesis. In further support, phenylalanine elevated mood in 31 of 40 depressives.
Adult↗
Complications of continuous-wear soft contact lenses in a nonreferral population.
Serious corneal complications occurred in an otherwise successful experience with continuous-wear soft contact lenses (SCLs) for aphakic correction. One hundred twenty eyes were fit, and 92% attained visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Severe corneal complications were observed in 13 eyes, including bacterial ulcers (six), apical erosions (three), and severe superficial vascularization (four). Corneal ulcers occurred in nondiabetic as well as diabetic subjects. Continuous-wear SCLs are not innocuous; as for any other drug or device, continuous, long-term medical supervision is necessary to minimize potentially severe complications and visual loss.
Adult↗
Ocular syphilis. Acute and chronic.
We describe our experience over the past 2 years with the ocular manifestations in 32 patients with acute and chronic syphilis. We urge that syphilis be considered in evaluating those patients with recurrent iritis, chorioretinitis, papillitis, optic atrophy, or abnormal pupillary findings. Specific serologic testing (FTA-ABS) must be obtained. Screening serologies (VDRL) are inadequate. We suggest that patients with evidence for CSF involvement or active ocular disease be treated by continuous intravenous infusion of 24 million units penicillin G daily for 10 days.
Acute Disease↗
Post-traumatic fungal endophthalmitis caused by Exophiala jeanselmei.
Fungal endophthalmitis caused by dematiacious fungi is an uncommon occurrence. We report a case of fungal endophthalmitis caused by Exophiala jeanselmei following penetrating injury. This is a previously unreported etiologic agent in endophthalmitis. The infection was treated with intravitreal and intravenous amphotericin B in combination with oral 5-fluorocytosine. Although the organism was eradicated, vision was lost due to total retinal detachment.
Adult↗
A procedure for the culture of hair follicles as functionally intact organoids.
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Animals↗