Laparoscopically-assisted total pharyngolaryngo-oesophagectomy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Esophagectomy↗
Biomedical subjects
P Willson
Publications and source records attributed to P Willson.
Bacterial and fungal flora of dust deposits in a pig building.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the bacterial and fungal flora of dust deposits in a newly built pig grower finisher building. Viable bacterial counts and microbial species found in a barn which had never housed pigs were compared with those in a barn housing 144 pigs. METHODS: The quantitative streak plate method was used to measure viable bacterial counts on nutrient agar or sheep blood agar. Viable bacterial counts of the dust deposits were expressed as the number of colony forming units (CFUs)/mg of dust. Gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli were identified by an automated system. Identifications with a confidence interval > 90% were accepted at the species level. Fungi were identified to the genus level with slide culture preparations on cereal agar. RESULTS: The lowest viable bacterial count (4.8 x 10(4)/mg of dust) was found in the barn with no pigs. In the barn with pigs the highest viable bacterial count (2.1 x 10(6)/mg of dust) was in dust from the top of a partition close to pig activity. Six species of bacteria or fungi were found in dust from the room with no pigs, whereas 22 different microorganisms were detected in dust from the room with pigs. With the exception of Enterobacter agglomerans no other species of the family Enterobacteriaceae was found in dust deposits in this new pig building. Twelve species of Gram positive bacteria were found in the room housing pigs. CONCLUSIONS: The pig is not only a source but also a disperser of airborne bacteria in pig buildings. Speciation of the microbial flora in dust from the pig building suggests that many of the microorganisms were either of human or environmental origin. Nevertheless as some of these microorganisms are known opportunistic pathogens or allergens and because of the documented increased incidence of chronic respiratory symptoms in pig workers, precautions to reduce inhalation of microbial or dust particles by pig workers seem prudent.
Animals↗
Clinical trial of indomethacin in Alzheimer's disease.
In a 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 100 to 150 mg/d indomethacin appeared to protect mild to moderately impaired Alzheimer's disease patients from the degree of cognitive decline exhibited by a well-matched, placebo-treated group. Over a battery of cognitive tests, indomethacin patients improved 1.3% (+/- 1.8%), whereas placebo patients declined 8.4% (+/- 2.3%)--a significant difference (p < 0.003). Caveats include adverse reactions to indomethacin and the limited scale of the trial.
Aged↗
Testicular, prostate and penile cancers in primary care settings: the importance of early detection.
Male testicular, prostate and penile cancers will be responsible for 32,625 deaths in 1991. Fortunately, prevention and early detection of cancer can decrease mortality and morbidity. Armed with knowledge of the incidence of testicular, prostate and penile cancers, risk factors, and clinical presentations, the clinician will be better able to implement primary and secondary prevention. Recommended screening schedules are reviewed in this article, and suggestions for assessment, differential diagnosis and practice are discussed.
Adult↗
Children in cars: how are they being restrained?
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Automobiles↗
A simple aerosol chamber for experimental reproduction of respiratory disease in pigs and other species.
The design of a simple aerosol chamber for experimental challenge of pigs and other species with respiratory pathogens is described.
Aerosols↗
A field trial, of preshipment vaccination, with intranasal infectious bovine rhinotracheitis-parainfluenza-3 vaccines.
A total of 849 calves, 278 controls, 335 vaccinated intranasally with IBR-PI3/TS and 236 vaccinated intranasally with IBR-PI3/PTC were studied in a field trial of preimmunization. All calves were vaccinated in Saskatchewan at least three weeks prior to shipment to feedlots. Four hundred and twenty six calves were not sold within eight weeks of vaccination; however, seven of these died within four weeks of vaccination. Treatment rates varied from 1.0% to 5.2%. There was no significant effect of vaccination on treatment rates. Similarly, there was no significant effect of vaccination in the 74 calves sold to feedlots in Saskatchewan. Three hundred and forty nine calves were sold to feedlots in Ontario. Two of these died from fibrinous pneumonia. Treatment rates varied from 1.7% to 33.3% in different feedlots, but there was no significant effect of vaccination on treatment rates. Therefore, preimmunization is unlikely to significantly reduce the overall treatment rate in calves entering feedlots.
Animals↗
How perceptions of a simulated physician-patient interaction influence intended satisfaction and compliance.
A frequent problem encountered in the evaluation of medical services is that patients intertwine or confound perceptions of technical medical skills (competence) with those of interpersonal and communication skills (courtesy). The present study investigated the extent to which competence and courtesy influenced enacted patient perceptions of medical care; as well as how those perceptions related to satisfaction and compliance with the care delivered. Small groups of undergraduates viewed one of four videotapes on which were depicted a physician-patient interaction for a sore throat problem. Differential levels of competence and courtesy were displayed in the various tapes. While watching the videotape, subjects were asked to assume the role of the sore throat patient. Factor analysis of semantic differential items administered subsequent to the videotapes revealed the presence of two strong and distinct clusters, one labeled courtesy and the other competence. Univariate ANOVAs indicated that the courtesy manipulation influenced the perception of courtesy and general medical satisfaction, while the competence manipulation influenced not only perceived competence but perceived courtesy, general medical satisfaction, and compliance as well. Subjects were able to accurately discriminate the extremes of good and poor physician behavior. The limitations of the study as well as its implications for developing better understanding of how perceptions of health care providers are formed were explored.
Adolescent↗
Mandatory reporting of intimate partner violence: safety or retaliatory abuse for women?
We wished to ascertain abused women's perspectives on mandatory reporting of intimate partner violence. A consecutive sample of 161 abused women accessing the criminal justice system were asked six questions. Most women (81%) thought there should be a law making the nurse or doctor report the abuse, with less than half of the women (45%) reporting they would have been at greater risk for abuse following a mandatory report. Although these 161 abused women support mandatory reporting of partner abuse, it remains unclear if such a law would deter further abuse. Outcome and evaluation studies of mandatory reporting laws are urgently needed.
Adult↗
Intimate partner violence. Mothers' perspectives of effects on their children.
PURPOSE: Intimate partner violence not only affects adults but also the children living within that "war zone." The present study expands our understanding about how children are affected when they observe violence in their own homes, as reported by their mothers. STUDY DESIGN: This descriptive study was conducted to describe mothers' perspectives of the impact of the violence on their children. A consecutive sample of 72 mothers attempting to file assault charges were interviewed in a private room by a registered nurse and were asked to describe the effect of witnessing intimate partner violence on their child's behavior. Each response was written verbatim by the interviewer. RESULTS: A majority (72%) of the mothers reported negative behaviors in their children that they believed were as a result of witnessing their mother's violent experiences. The most common negative traits were distress-indicating behaviors such as sleep disturbances, clinging, and fretful behaviors followed by problems with the abuser, problems in school, and problems with mother. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Because intimate partner violence affects children, health care providers should become familiar with behaviors indicative of this problem. To promote the well being and development of children, recommendations for assessment and intervention for women experiencing intimate partner violence are discussed.
Adult↗
Severity of violence against women correlates with behavioral problems in their children.
In order to examine the type and severity of violence against women by intimate partners and the associated behavioral problems of their children, 83 abused women were interviewed when they presented to the criminal justice system for protective orders or to file assault charges. Two questionnaires were administered: (a) the 46-item Severity of Violence Against Women Scale (SVAWS) measured threats of abuse and actual physical violence, and (b) the 118-item Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) measured child behavior problems for children between the ages of 4 and 18.
Adolescent↗