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Biomedical subjects

P Wells

Publications and source records attributed to P Wells.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The need for adolescent units: general issues.

There is a growing demand for psychiatric services for adolescents in Australia. The provision of residential treatment units as part of such a service raises a number of issues. This paper examines the questions whether such units are effective, whether justified, and what the optimal numbers of beds and staff are. A facilitative treatment model for the majority of disturbed adolescents is briefly described. The case for providing residential treatment units for adolescents is reaffirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Physician communication with children and parents.

The way physicians communicate with patients has been shown to affect physiologic measurements, adherence to therapeutic regimens, and satisfaction with medical care. The purpose of this study was to document the content of medical interviews in routine pediatric visits and to identify demographic and situational characteristics that influenced the extent of communication between doctor and child. One hundred fifteen office visits to 49 physicians were videotaped and analyzed. Children studied were 4 to 14 years old with a mean age of 8.5 years. Verbal transactions were coded according to direction of communication, transaction type, and content category. Coder reliability for this system was 0.84. A considerable amount of the total communication, 45.5%, was between doctor and child. Doctors interacted differently with parents and children. More information about the current problem was obtained from children; physicians provided feedback primarily to parents. Parents received 4.4. times as much information as children about the nature and prognosis of a condition. The extent to which doctors talked to children in "substantive" areas was primarily associated with a child's age (r = .52, P less than .001) but was partly influenced by family size (r = .20, P less than .05) and family utilization (r = .22, P less than .02). Race, socioeconomic status, type of problem, and previous encounter with the examining physician did not alter communication patterns. Boys were given more information than girls (6.5% vs 4.0%, P less than .01). We suggest a theoretical framework for future investigation and teaching that identifies the child as an active participant in the medical process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The need for mental health services for adolescents in the Hunter Region.

A survey was carried out to determine the need for mental health services for adolescents in the Hunter Region. Based on health surveys elsewhere, it was estimated that 21,400 of the population of 13 to 18 year-olds in the Hunter Psychiatric Catchment Area would be mildly to seriously disturbed. A sample of disturbed youngsters making demands on agencies in the City of Newcastle and on community health teams and school guidance in the rest of the Region suggests that during November 1980 only about one in 20 of those in need were receiving help from these agencies. Eighty-five per cent involved major family issues. Of those receiving help, at least 40% would have been referred to an adolescent mental health service, had there been one. Of the alternatives that had to be used, about 75% were estimated to have been less than adequate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The in vitro response to mitogens of leucocytes from cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense.

The in vitro proliferative response of bovine leucocytes from peripheral blood to LPS, PWM and Con A was monitored during the course of infection with T. congolense. The stimulatory effect of LPS and PWM on PBL was significantly decreased in infected cattle while the reduction of stimulatory response to Con A was less marked. There was a high background proliferation of unstimulated leucocytes from infected cattle. This increase in background counts correlated with the parasitaemia in that both features were abolished by treatment with the trypanocidal drug Berenil (4,4'-diamidino-diazoaminobenzene-diacetamide acetone). Co-cultivation of trypanosomes with PBL from normal cattle did not depress the responses of the latter to mitogens, and trypanosomes maintained in a cell-free medium failed to incorporate 14C-thymidine under the conditions used.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Penetration of the unwounded immature mouse cornea and conjunctiva by Pseudomonas: SEM-TEM analysis.

Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the early ocular response to infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa inoculated under the fused eyelids of immature mice. In the absence of experimental corneal wounding, the organisms produced lysis of the epithelium of the peripheral cornea and conjunctiva and penetrated and lysed the respective stromas as early as 15 min after inoculation. Bacteria were infrequently detected on the ocular surface at 3 hr after infection. At this time, corneal epithelial cells in the vicinity of the inoculation were markedly shrunken.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cell adhesion and proteoglycans. I. The effect of exogenous proteoglycans on the attachment of chick embryo fibroblasts to tissue culture plastic and collagen.

Proteoglycan was isolated from cartilage and freed from contaminating glycoproteins and hyaluronic acid. The macromolecule consists of a protein core covalently linked to a number of glycosaminoglycan side chains, namely chondroitin sulphate and keratan sulphate. This proteoglycan retards the attachment of a variety of cell types to tissue culture plastic and to collagen. Glycosaminoglycans alone, have no significant effect on rates of attachment. Similarly, trypsinized proteoglycan is without effect. It is concluded that the structural integrity of the proteoglycan macromolecule is essential for its effect on cell adhesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructural localizations of adenosine triphosphatase activity in resting mammary gland.

Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity was localized at an ultrastructural level in the resting mammary glands of female BALB/c mice. A Mg++ dependent ATPase was localized in the plasma membranes of both the epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the mammary tubules. A second type of ATPase activity that was not Mg++-dependent but that was Na+ and K+ dependent was localized primarily in the plasma membranes of the myoepithelial cells. Preincubation with either ouabain or N-ethylmaleimide decreased the quantity of reaction product, indicating that both types of ATPase activity were sensitive to these inhibitors. Control media, containing adenosine triphosphate and Pb(NO3)2 without cations, demonstrated that the amount of nonezymatic hydrolysis was negligible. These differences in the cationic requirements for plasma membrane ATPase activity can be used to distinguish histochemically the epithelial from myoepithelial cells in mammary tissue.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1976

Differentiation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in culture: an ultrastructural study.

An ultrastructural and cytochemical study of normal human mammary epithelial cells cultured from post-weaning breast fluids is described. Cells were examined at the time of plating and at intervals up to 28 days in culture. Three different stages in the morphological differentiation of these cells in vitro were observed: (1) the first stage was the formation of a monolayer of single cells, which occurred between days 1 and 10 in culture. The cells in this stage were not interconnected by junctional complexes and lacked Mg++- dependent ATPase activity in the plasma membranes, but did contain a large quantity of lipid and exhibited some secretory characteristics. (2) The second stage, occurring at 10 to 16 days in culture, was characterized by the formation of junctional complexes, the appearance of Mg++-dependent ATPase in the plasma membrane and a decrease in the number of dense bodies with peroxidase activity. (3) The third stage, occurring at 16 to 28 days in culture, was characterized by the formation of stratified layers of epithelial cells, which were interconnected by a larger number of desmosomes with numerous pleomorphic microfilaments. The Mg++-dependent ATPase activity in the plasma membrane was retained and the dense bodies with peroxidase activity were rarely observed at this stage. During the last seven days were prominent in the cells of the stratified layer. After 28 days in the culture, the cells began to round up and slough off the culture plate.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗