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Biomedical subjects

P Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to P Weiss.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Personality characteristics of men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction].

Based on psychological examination of 47 males with the diagnosis of psychogenic erectile dysfunction, the following personality characteristics were defined by the authors as typical of these patients: 1. a high level of anxiety and neuroticism, 2. reduced masculinity in the partnership, 3. normal heterosexual development and preserved libido associated with markedly substandard sexual function at present. Judging by the results obtained, the authors believe that the confining the diagnostic and therapeutic approach exclusively to the issue of sexual reactivity would be too much of a simplification in these patients, considering their distinct personality and partnership components.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Sexuality in women after treatment of malignant genital tumors].

Using a structured interview and four questionnaires (Heterosexual development of woman, Sexual activity of woman, Sexual function of woman and questionnaire N5 which is used to evaluate the prevalence and intensity of neurotic symptoms, the authors examined 163 women after treatment of a malignant tumour of the genitalia. The examination was made during balneological therapy in a spa. Their age varied between 20 and 63 years. The feeling of female inferiority was recorded roughly in every eighth proband. Deterioration of sexual function of varying extent affected every second patient. Changes in emotional relations between couples (partners) were more favourable than in sexual life. As regards emotional and sexual relations improvement was recorded in every fifth and 11th woman resp., as compared with the state before the illness. Husbands or partners of the patients had great understanding and were very tolerant. In the authors' opinion it is a pleasant surprise that one quarter of the patients perceived the associated stress only as medium or even small stress. A general change (deterioration) of sexual intercourse correlated directly with subjectively perceived stress. The investigation revealed also that women treated on account of malignant tumours of the genitals on the territory of former Czechoslovakia have practically no contacts with specialists in sexual rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Acute aortic dissection].

The acute aortic dissection is a relatively rare event carrying a grave prognosis. It is the most common fatal condition involving the aorta. A high index of suspicion is mandatory because of a mortality rate of 1 to 2% per hour in the first 48 hours. A recent series from the Mayo Clinic using modern diagnostic methods showed that in 62% of the patients the initial impression of aortic dissection was correct, but in 28% this diagnosis was only made post mortem. The clinical suspicion arises from a history of sudden severe pain in the chest or the back, sometimes wandering downwards, and from certain clinical findings like aortic regurgitation, pulse deficits or neurologic manifestations such as cerebrovascular accidents or ischemic paraparesis. ST-segment elevation in the ECG is very unusual in aortic dissection and should direct the clinical focus to acute myocardial infarction. Large-bore peripheral venous access should be established, and pain control should start immediately. Hypertensive patients should be treated first with an intravenous beta-blocking agent. Vasodilators increase aortic wall stress, they should only be administered after a beta-blocking agent. Transfer to a hospital with appropriate diagnostic and surgical is mandatory.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Sexual abuse experiences of psychiatric patients.

By interviewing 200 male psychiatric patients and 150 female psychiatric patients, we found that 17.1% of the respondents had experienced sexual victimization during their childhood. Only 11% of a control group of 50 males and 50 females, who had never received psychiatric treatment, reported similar victimization. The incidence of intrafamilial sexual victimization was greater among females than males. The group that had suffered the most sexual victimization was that of female psychiatric patients diagnosed with neuroses. Sexual victimization linked to aggressive behaviour and threats of violence was more common in the case of male and female psychiatric patients than in the control groups. Only 4% of the sexual victimization cases were investigated by the police.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Dopamine D2 receptor binding and cerebral glucose metabolism recover after D-penicillamine-therapy in Wilson's disease.

Regional cerebral glucose metabolism (rCMRGlc) and dopamine D2 receptor binding were measured in a 31-year-old, severely affected, untreated patient with Wilson's disease of 3 years' duration using positron emission tomography and 18F-deoxyglucose and 18F-methylspiperone ([18F]MSP), respectively. There was a severe reduction of striatal and extrastriatal rCMRGlc as well as of striatal [18F]MSP accumulation rate. After 1 year of treatment with D-penicillamine, striatal and extrastriatal rCMRGlc and striatal [18F]MSP accumulation rate reached almost normal levels. It is hypothesized that recovery of motor functions due to copper trapping therapy was associated with an increase in basal ganglia activity and a re-expression or upregulation of dopamine D2 receptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Motor impairment in Wilson's disease. 3: The clinical impact of pyramidal tract involvement.

Magnetic brain stimulation was performed on 24 patients with Wilson's disease (WD). Responses to the right and left first dorsal interosseus muscle (FDI) and to the right and left tibialis anterior muscle (TA) were analysed. In 45% of the patients prolonged central motor conduction times (CCTs) to the FDIs were found, whereas only 12% of the patients presented with prolonged CCTs to the TA muscles. No consistent significant correlations between copper metabolism and pyramidal tract function tested by magnetic brain stimulation were found. An improvement of CCTs and response amplitudes with copper elimination therapy was observed only at early phases of therapy. There was no correlation with duration of therapy or neurological symptoms. Thus magnetic brain stimulation turns out to be sensitive to detect subclinical pyramidal tract impairment in WD but seems to test a too specific aspect of motor impairment in WD to reflect the overall neurological status of the patients. Therefore, it has to be combined with other tests to be used for therapy control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Psychosexual reactions in women after treatment of breast carcinoma].

Within the framework of a more extensive investigation of a group of women after treatment of a malignant breast tumour the authors paid also attention to their psychoesexual reactions. 119 probands were divided with regard to the type of their answers into three sub-groups: A - sthenic reaction (n = 35, i.e. 29.4% of the group), B - asthenic reaction (n = 55, 46.2%) and C - escape reply (n = 29, 24.4% of the group). The above sub-groups were compared, using the final score of four questionnaires (Heterosexual development of woman, Sexual activity of woman, Sexual function of woman and N5 questionnaire of neuroticism). The sub-group of women with the asthenic type of reaction was, as compared with the other two sub-groups, much more neurotic which in the authors' opinion indicates the need of professional psychotherapeutic care along with basic oncological treatment. As expected, in the examined group as a whole poor values were recorded in the questionnaires on sexual activity and sexual function. The values recorded in the three sub-groups with different psychosexual reaction, however, did not differ significantly.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

[Sexual function in women with breast carcinoma in relation to the time interval after mastectomy].

Within the framework of more extensive research in a group of women after treatment of breast cancer the authors paid attention also to changes of sexual function in relation to the time which elapsed after ablation (modified radical mastectomy). 151 patients replied to the question pertaining to changes of the general status of sexual intercourse after treatment of carcinoma, as compared with the year preceding establishment of the diagnosis. With regard to their replies the probands were divided into four sub-groups: A-paradoxical improvement of sexual life (n = 12, 7.9% of the group, mean age 42.3 years), B-sexual life unaltered (n = 82, 54.3%, mean age 45.1 years), C-slight sexual dysfunction (n = 32, 21.2%, mean age 46.0 years), and D-severe sexual dysfunction (n = 25, 16.6% of the group, mean age 48.3 years). Attention was focused on the time intervals: under one year, 1-2 years and more than 2 years after operation. In addition to an analysis of changes in sexual function the authors compared also the neuroticism of different subgroups assessed by means of a N5 questionnaire. Rather surprisingly the authors proved a significantly more frequent deterioration of sexual function in patients after a prolonged interval following operation. This relationship applies even when the age factor of probands is eliminated. The significantly highest ratio of women with a marked neurotic symptomatology was found in patients with slight sexual dysfunction (subgroup C).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Goals of institutional therapy of sexual delinquents.

Sexology departments in Czech psychiatric institutions have been established, mainly to protect society from delinquent sexual deviants. The methods used to attain this therapeutic goal are discussed. The author concludes that sexology departments have been relatively successful.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1994

Modulation of the asialoglycoprotein receptor in human hepatoma cells: effect of glucose.

The hepatic receptor for asialoglycoproteins was found to be modulated by the glucose concentration in the medium of the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. The surface binding of asialoorosomucoid, a well-documented ligand for this receptor, increased from 20 ng/mg of cellular protein to about 40 ng/mg as the glucose concentration was increased from 10 to 50 mg/dl. The up-modulating effect of glucose was mimicked by pyruvate, a product of glucose metabolism, and abolished by both 2-deoxyglucose, an inhibitor of glucose metabolism, and by cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Scatchard plot analysis indicated a rise in the number of binding sites and a twofold increase in binding affinity. In contrast, the binding of antibody remained unchanged with respect to alterations in glucose concentration, an indication that the actual number of receptors remained constant in face of an increased number of binding sites. Specificity of the glucose effect was shown by the binding of insulin and transferrin to their respective receptors, which was unaffected by the high glucose concentration that increased asialoorosomucoid binding. The repression of receptor binding seen with cells grown in biotin-deprived medium was reversed by increasing the glucose concentration of the medium. In this case, binding was restored to a level sixfold to sevenfold higher than that of the control cells grown in dialyzed serum. The stimulatory effect of glucose was shown to be independent of and significantly greater than that of cyclic GMP, a known regulator of receptor expression of biotin-deficient HepG2 cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asialoglycoprotein Receptor↗
PubMed1993

Transition-state analysis of AMP deaminase.

The transition state of the allosteric AMP deaminase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been characterized by 14C and 15N Vmax/Km heavy-atom kinetic isotope effects. The primary 6-14C isotope effect was measured with [6-14C]AMP, and the 6-15N primary isotope effect was measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry using the natural abundance of 15N in AMP and by using 15N release from ATP as a slow substrate. Isotope effects for AMP as the substrate were measured in the presence and absence of ATP as an allosteric activator and GTP as an allosteric inhibitor. Kinetic isotope effects with [6-14C]AMP were 1.030 +/- 0.003, 1.038 +/- 0.004, and 1.042 +/- 0.003 in the absence of effectors and in the presence of ATP and GTP, respectively. Isotope effects for [6-15N]AMP averaged 1.010 +/- 0.002. Allosteric activation increased the 15N isotope effect to 1.016 +/- 0.003. A primary 15N kinetic isotope effect with ATP, which has a Vmax/Km 10(-6) that for AMP, was 1.013 +/- 0.001. The presence of D2O as solvent caused a marginally significant decrease in the [6-15N]AMP kinetic isotope effect from 1.011 +/- 0.001 to 1.007 +/- 0.002. Previous studies have established that the solvent D2O effect is inverse (0.34) for slow substrates with two or more protons transferred prior to transition state formation and remains inverse (0.79) with AMP as substrate [Merkler, D. J., & Schramm, V. L. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 5792-5799]. Bond vibrational analysis was used to identify transition states for AMP deaminase that are consistent with all kinetic isotope effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

AMP Deaminase↗
PubMed1993

[Gemfibrozil-induced myopathy].

A 61-year-old woman with hyperlipidemia was treated with gemfibrozil. She also had insulin-treated diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure and was admitted because of severe chest pain. The ST segment was depressed and creatine kinase levels were elevated. The original diagnosis was acute myocardial infarction. In the presence of increasing chest pain, the onset of limb muscle tenderness, and increasing levels of creatine kinase, the diagnosis of myopathy secondary to gemfibrozil therapy was made and the drug was discontinued. All symptoms then subsided and creatine kinase levels returned to normal. Myopathy is a well-known complication of blood lipid-lowering drugs, especially in patients with renal failure.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1993

Acyclovir-induced neurotoxicity: concentration-side effect relationship in acyclovir overdose.

PURPOSE: To investigate the concentration-side effect relationship in a patient with severe acyclovir-induced neurotoxicity and to summarize the information available in the literature about central nervous system side effects due to acyclovir. METHODS: Repeated blood samples were drawn in a patient with severe acyclovir overdose who developed coma and nonoliguric renal failure. The acyclovir levels measured by radioimmunoassay were related to the level of consciousness. RESULTS: We measured the highest acyclovir serum levels reported so far (229.9 mumol/L = 51.8 mg/L). Impairment of consciousness developed with a remarkable temporal delay of 24 to 48 hours after occurrence of peak serum concentrations and resolved with a comparable delay after reaching the therapeutic range (anticlockwise hysteresis). Six days after discontinuation of the drug, central nervous system symptoms had resolved, and, 4 days later, renal function returned to pretreatment values. CONCLUSIONS: The observation that neurotoxicity developed with a delay of 24 to 48 hours after acyclovir peak serum concentrations could explain the wide range of acyclovir levels reported in similar cases. Single drug level measurements may therefore be of little diagnostic value. Since toxicity develops with a remarkable delay, early removal of the drug (by hemodialysis) could possibly prevent central nervous toxicity.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of preparation techniques with reference to final spermatozoa concentration and survival and fertilization rate in vitro in normal and pathologic ejaculates].

Various methods are available in the preparation of normal and pathological ejaculates within the framework of available techniques of assisted reproduction. The authors examined the recovery rate, the long-term motility and the fertilization rate in vitro after both normal and pathological test results, of preparations, using one of the three most commonly used techniques. Centrifugation with its resulting swim up (Z) is a method still widely used because of the good sperm recovery rate it produces. However, in our tests, it achieved the lowest level capacity, compared with sperm separation by migration/sedimentation, with resultant swim up (M) and Percoll gradient centrifugation (P). The statistically highly significant fast decline of motility after preparation by Z, compared with the other two above mentioned techniques, in both normal and pathological ejaculates is a further indication, that Z has a negative influence upon the integrity of the spermatozoa. The results of research submitted here suggest the abandonment of Z in its standard form in favour of other techniques. After normal test results, both M and P might be used, but in the case of pathological ejaculate, P would be recommended.

Female↗