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Biomedical subjects

P W Fuller

Publications and source records attributed to P W Fuller.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

A proposed neuropathological basis for learning disabilities in children born prematurely.

This study aimed at providing understanding of the etiology and mechanisms responsible for the learning and behavioral disabilities in the increasing numbers of survivors of neonatal intensive care units who develop MBD/LD-type (minimal brain dysfunction, learning disabilities) complications. The brains of 16 premature infants who died within the first month of life were studied by microscopic examination. Significant neuropathological findings in gray-matter and white-matter were found in many areas, including both superficial cortical and deep basal brain structures. These lesions are postulated to be precursors to later LD and MBD syndromes in infants who survive, such that similar lesions of varying severity correlate with varying degrees of brain dysfunction. Premature infants who survive are known from other studies to be high-risk candidates for LD- and MBD- type developmental disabilities.

Brain↗
PubMed1981

The averaged evoked potential in the study of infant auditory discrimination.

This study was conducted to determine whether an averaged evoked potential technique using a random-versus-repetitive presentation mode, could be used to study auditory discrimination in infants. We were interested in which stimulus mode, random-novel or repetitive, would result in greater responsiveness in terms of central nervous system evoked potential latencies and amplitudes. Recordings were made of 20 normal full-term infants between 14 and 18 weeks of age. Two different stimuli were used to create the random and repetitive modes: a burst of 125-Hz square waves (a buzz) and a burst of white noise. Two interstimulus intervals were also used, fast (1,000 msec) and slow (1,700 msec), to determine which rate is most effective. Ten of the infants were tested at the slow rate and 10 at the fast rate. Results for the N2 component of the averaged evoked potential (AEP) showed a main effect of presentation mode with a shorter latency for random versus repetitive. The shortest onset latency was for the random stimulus at the fast rate. The mean amplitude of N2 for all repetitive presentations at the slow rate was significantly larger.

Audiometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship of sodium bicarbonate to intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

It has been suggested that hypertonic loads of saline built up in the administration of sodium bicarbonate to correct acidosis in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) can precipitate intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Therefore, from medical records we noted the daily intake of sodium of 36 babies with IRDS who were on mechanical respirators. Eighteen of the infants developed IVH, and for these infants total sodium intake 24 hours prior to IVH was also recorded. The mean was 5.83 +/- 4.22 mEq/kg per day, a dose substantially less than the recommended limit of 8 mEq/kg per day. The difference between means was not significant (p = .071), but the variance was significant (p = .016). The results indicated that the total sodium dose, particularly that taken in during the sodium bicarbonate administration, did not regularly contribute to the development of IVH, when given under controlled conditions, that is, conservative doses, dilution, and slow injection to minimize the hypertonic load.

Bicarbonates↗