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Biomedical subjects

P Vuojolahti

Publications and source records attributed to P Vuojolahti.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effects of phenoxyacetic acids on the induction of chromosome aberrations in vitro and in vivo.

The effects of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides were investigated on the induction of chromosome aberrations in human peripheral lymphocyte cultures in vitro and in lymphocytes of exposed workers in vivo. Pure 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 0.125, 0.150, 0.200 and 0.350 mM) did not increase the number of aberrations, whereas the commercial 2,4-D formulation (0.125, 0.250, 0.500, 1.000 and 1.250 mM, with respect to phenoxyacetic acid concentration) significantly increased the number of chromosome aberrations in vitro (without exogenous metabolic activation). The phenoxy acid levels in the breathing zone of the workers varied between 0.3 and 0.4 mg/m3, and the concentrations of phenoxyacetic acids in the urine of the workers after exposure varied from 0.000 to 0.055 mmol/l. There were no increases in chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes of the exposed subjects.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Recent PCB accidents in Finland.

Twenty-eight polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) accidents were recorded during a 1-year period in Finland. They comprised leaks, fires or explosions of capacitors. Some of the explosions and fires gave rise to high concentrations of PCBs in air and of PCBs and tetrachlorodibenzofurans (TCDFs), including 2,3,7,8-TCDF, on surfaces. One large explosion is described in detail, and biomedical data and findings of this case are compared with those of smaller accidents in Finland.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1985

Reversible nerve lesions after accidental polychlorinated biphenyl exposure.

Several capacitors containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) exploded in a cardboard plant. During the accident, and in the clearing work, several workers were in probable contact with PCB and/or its degradation products. Nausea, intense perspiration, and headache were acute symptoms, which cleared quickly. The 15 men with the greatest exposure were studied neurophysiologically twice, namely, two and six months after the explosion. Motor conduction velocities (MCV) of the right median, ulnar, and peroneal nerves; sensory conduction velocity (SCV) of the right sural nerve; and distal SCVs of the right median and ulnar nerves were measured with skin electrodes. Thirty male workers with a similar age distribution served as referents. Two months after the explosion all SCVs and distal SCVs were slower in the exposed men, and still six months after the explosion the distal SCV of the ulnar nerve and the SCV of the sural nerve were slightly slower among the exposed. However, clear improvement occurred in the distal SCVs during the follow-up. As in many toxic distal axonopathies, the distal SCVs were reversibly impaired after an accidental exposure to PCB fumes. PCB seem to exhibit neurotoxic properties in humans.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1984

Biological monitoring of workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyl compounds in capacitor accidents.

For biological monitoring of workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds, a gas-chromatographic method for analysis of PCBs in serum was developed. The quantitation is performed with 15 pure isomers, and extraction and concentration factors are corrected with the aid of asymmetric PCB compounds added to each specimen. By this method, humans with no known occupational exposure to PCB compounds showed PCB levels in serum that were always less than 3 micrograms/l. Workers exposed in capacitor accidents have shown maximal concentrations close to 50 micrograms/l.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1982

Persistent pruritic papules from deer ked bites.

Deer ked (Lipoptena cervi L.), a haematophagous louse fly of deer, also attacks man and can cause persistent pruritic papules. Nineteen patients with this conditions were examined. They suffered attacks while carrying out their work, or merely walking, in forested areas. The bite papules appeared mostly on the head and back. They were very itchy and resistant to treatment and persisted from 2 weeks up to 12 months. Histologically, a typical insect bite reaction was found without any signs of retained deer ked mouth parts. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposits of C3 in dermal vessel walls in 7 of the 11 papules examined. Skin tests with a deer ked whole body extract were positive in all patients tested, showing both immediate and delayed reactions. Moreover, 57% of the patients tested had elevated serum IgE levels. All these findings suggest that IgE, complement and cell-mediated immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of deer ked bite reactions.

Adolescent↗