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Biomedical subjects

P Vincent

Publications and source records attributed to P Vincent.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Association of 5-FU, CDDP and hypofractionated radiotherapy in recurrences of subtentorial astrocytomas and malignant gliomas in adults].

Twenty-seven patients who had a relapse of astrocytomas or supra-tentorial malignant gliomas, previously treated by radio-surgical combination or exclusive irradiation, underwent a combination of 3 courses of 5-FU, cis-platyl and hypofractionated irradiation. No objective response was observed, but there was a progression of the tumor in 33% of the cases, and no change in 67%. Overall median survival was 7 +/- 1.5 months. The 20 patients with grade III or IV astrocytomas had a lower median rate than the 7 patients with grade II astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas: 6 +/- 1.8 months versus 18 +/- 3.2 (P = 0.16). Median survival was 14 +/- 2.7 months for neurological responders and 6 +/- 2.1 months for non-responders (P = 0.017).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Multi-glandular lesions in primary hyperparathyroidism. Late outcome of 86 consecutive patients treated with conservative surgery].

Multiple gland enlargement (M.G.E.) in primary hyperparathyroidism (H.P.T.) is the presence of 2 or more enlarged glands weighing more than 50 mg. Conservative surgery (C.S.) consists of resecting the grossly enlarged glands without biopsying the normal glands. Some authors have suggested that C.S. might overlook minute hyperplasia, hence leading to late recurrences of H.P.T., or conversely result in the unnecessary resection of grossly enlarged, but not hyperfunctioning glands. 379 patients have been operated upon for H.P.T. 86 (22.7%) had M.G.E. including 13 (15.2%) M.E.N. cases, 8 (9.3%) familial cases and 65 (75.6%) seemingly sporadic cases (S.S.C.). 2, 3 or 4 glands (or more) were involved in 39.5%, 35% and 25.5% of cases respectively. 1 patient died post-operatively and 3--all S.S.C. with hyperplasia--had to be reoperated upon within 1 year for persistent hypercalcemia. Pathological diagnosis was: double adenomas in 5.8%, hyperplasia in 36%, adenoma associated with hyperplasia in 46.5% and a normal second gland, on light microscopy findings in 11.7%. None of 13 deaths occurring during follow-up was related to H.P.T. 78 patients (90.7%) are available for follow-up (av. 85.3 months). 85.9% are normocalcemic (2.2 less than Ca less than 2.6 mmol/l), 5.1% hypocalcemic and 9% hypercalcemic. 61 had late i. P.T.H. assay; i. P.T.H. was appropriate to serum calcium in 78.7% and appropriate to normal serum calcium levels in 90.6% of 53 normocalcemic cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Molecular markers and identification of Campylobacter pylori strains].

Campylobacter pylori was studied to define the classification of species and the typing of strains. The mol p. 100 G + C of 17 strains ranged from 34.1 to 37.5 (average value: 35.2; SD: 1.0). The strains are closely related (80 to 100 p. 100 DNA/DNA relatedness) and to the type strain NCTC 11367. The endonuclease restriction profiles were specific of strains. DNA analysis (REA) is a sensitive method in pathogenic and epidemiological studies.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime in cirrhotic patients with or without ascites].

Pharmacokinetic values of cefotaxime were measured in 12 cirrhotic male patients (6 without ascites and 6 with ascites) after intravenous injection of a single 2 gram dose of the antibiotic. In patients without ascites elimination of the drug was about the same as in normal subjects or control patients, although clearance was increased. In patients with ascites, the drug elimination half-life was significantly more prolonged (7.5 +/- 3.9 h versus 1.3 +/- 0.4 h, P less than 0.01) and the drug clearance was significantly lower (193.6 +/- 92.4 ml/min versus 475.8 +/- 152.2 ml/min, P less than 0.01) than in the other group. The accumulation of cefotaxime in these patients produced concentration in the ascites fluid that were above the critical therapeutic values for about 20 hours.

Ascites↗
PubMed1988

[Prognostic value of serum creatinine in treated hypertensives. A case-controlled study].

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of serum creatinine (SC), in treated hypertensive subjects (HT). In a clinical population of 2738 HT consecutively examined between october 1969 and december 1982, as in-patients (n = 1599) or out-patients (n = 1139): 152 had a moderate elevation (ME) of SC: below 178 USI but above the "normal limit" (124 USI in men, 106 USI in women); 95 had a severe elevation (SE) of SC: above 17 USI. Whenever possible, each of these cases was matched to a control, belonging to the same population: same sex, same age (+/- 5 years), same group (in-patient or out-patient), same date of initial examination (+/- 6 months), but normal SC. 119 ME and 63 SE could be matched. The response rate of the mortality survey (november 1985) was 100 per cent. The mean follow-up period was 10 years (range 3 to 16 years). RESULTS: At initial examination, ME and SE cases differed significantly from their controls in several variables (mainly: more frequent T or J-ST ECG abnormalities and stage III-IV retinal changes); The life-table survival rate was moderately and non significantly reduced in ME cases (57 per cent at 10 years vs 66 per cent in controls); this decrease was only observed and significant (p less than 0.001) in subjects aged 60 to 79 years. In SE cases, survival rate was markedly reduced (43 per cent at 10 years vs 73 per cent in controls, p less than 0.001) and this reduction is observed at least since the age 40.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prevalence of legionellosis among adults: a study of community-acquired pneumonia in France.

Over a 24-month period, 274 patients with community-acquired pneumonia were hospitalized in Departments of Medicine at hospitals in Bordeaux, Lyon, Marseille, and Toulouse. Etiology of the pneumonia was determined either by organism identification or by indirect immunofluorescence in only 139 cases (51%). The most frequently isolated etiological agents were Streptococcus pneumoniae (34 cases), Legionella pneumophila (29 cases) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (24 cases). The majority of patients with legionellosis were male (79%), middle aged (mean age: 53 years), and living in urban areas (69%). Their clinical features were atypical and did not differ from those of other pneumonias. Four patients with legionellosis (13.8%) died. L. pneumophila was isolated directly in only three instances. The study confirms the high prevalence of legionellosis (20%) among pneumonias of identified etiology. The fact that these cases had an atypical clinical presentation and that isolation of the organism was difficult reinforce the need to apply the CDC criteria for the interpretation of positive serological titers.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Identification of penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Chile during clinical and microbiological study of gonococcal susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.

The first penicillinase producing isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) identified in Chile were discovered during a clinical and microbiological study to compare the efficacy of penicillin (4.8 MIU aqueous procaine penicillin G plus 1 g oral probenecid) and tetracycline (1.5 g followed by 500 mg four times daily for four days) treatment regimens for acute uncomplicated gonorrhoea. Penicillin treatment was effective in 93.1% (282) of 303 patients, whereas tetracycline was effective in 98.3% (233) of 237 patients. Six of the penicillin treatment failures were attributable to PPNG strains. In all, 21 PPNG strains were identified during the study. They were genetically identical, having a wild type auxotype, a WII/III serotype (serovar Bajk), and carrying cryptic and transfer plasmids and an Asian type penicillinase producing plasmid. In addition, 674 non-PPNG isolates were tested for their susceptibility to eight antimicrobials. Over 95% were sensitivie to 1 mg/l of penicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, and erythromycin, over 90% were sensitive to 1 mg/l of tetracycline and 2 mg/l of thiamphenicol, and all were sensitive to spectinomycin. Of 226 non-PPNG isolates characterised for plasmid content and auxotype, 90% (205) were either wild type or proline requiring, 67% (153) carried only the cryptic plasmid, and a further 31% (71) carried both cryptic and transfer plasmids. Unusually, three of four isolates lacking the cryptic plasmid carried only the transfer plasmid.

Chile↗
PubMed1987

Social problems encountered by public health nurses: identification and response differences according to education and experience.

Do nurses differ in relation to the identification of social problems and actions taken according to educational preparation? Using data from a larger field study, baccalaureate nurses (BSNs) were compared to Non-BSNs. The two groups did not differ in the number of problems that were identified, but BSNs did identify more problems related to non-immediate needs. The nurses took up to ten actions (means = 4.6) per problem, and the average number per BSN was less than the average per Non-BSN. The data lend some support to the position that BSNs are more likely to be self-assured and self-directed. Several questions are raised that are relevant to educators and administrators.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

N-nitrosamine formation in urinary-tract infections.

Urine samples from 31 patients with urinary-tract infections and from 31 controls were analysed for volatile nitrosamines, N-nitrosamino acids, total N-nitroso compounds as a group, and nitrite/nitrate. The concentration of N-nitrosodimethylamine was significantly elevated in urines infected with Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The levels of nitrite, N-nitrosoproline and total N-nitroso compounds, when expressed as the amount per mol creatinine, were also significantly increased in patients with bacteriuria. Several bacterial strains were capable of catalysing nitrosation of morpholine at neutral pH. These results suggest that N-nitroso compounds can be formed in vivo in the infected bladder, which could explain the association between urinary-tract infections and increased risk for bladder cancer.

Adolescent↗