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Biomedical subjects

P Vincent

Publications and source records attributed to P Vincent.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preoperative concurrent radiochemotherapy for cancer of the rectum].

PURPOSE: To evaluate retrospectively treatment-related morbidity of concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for rectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1992 and 1995, 38 patients (median age: 60) were treated for locally advanced resectable rectal cancer. Median dose of radiotherapy was 45 Gy/25 fractions/5 weeks. Chemotherapy consisted of two courses of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin administered during the first and the fifth weeks of radiotherapy. Median dose of 5-fluorouracil was 350 mg/m2/day, and median dose of leucovorin was 20 mg/m2/day, day 1 to day 5. Surgery was performed 5 weeks after completion of radiotherapy. RESULTS: Before surgery, one patient died of febrile neutropenia and sepsis after two cycles of chemotherapy and 45 Gy. Main pre-operative grade 3-4 toxicities were respectively: neutropenia: 3%; nausea/vomiting: 3%; diarrhea: 3%; proctitis: 5%; radiation dermatitis: 8%. Twenty-six patients underwent a low anterior resection and 11 an abdomino-perineal resection. A temporary colostomy was performed in 12 patients. Pathologic complete response rate was 27%. There was one post-operative death due to thromboembolic disease. Major post-operative grade 3-4 complications were: pelvic infection: 14%; abdominal infection: 5%; perineal sepsis: 8%; anastomotic dehiscence: 8%; cardiac failure: 5%. Delayed perineal wound healing was observed in six patients. No significant prognosic factor of post-operative complications has been observed. Median duration of hospitalization was 22 days. With a median follow-up of 24 months, 2-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 82 and 64%. CONCLUSION: Tolerance of preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy was acceptable. Ongoing controlled studies will assess the impact of this combined treatment on survival.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Conservative treatment of bladder cancers with radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy: results and perspectives].

Therapeutic strategies for muscle invasive bladder cancer are currently evolving. Transurethral surgery followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the best treatment for patients not suitable for radical cystectomy. This conservative approach may be proposed for operable patients with similar survival than after cystectomy. Intermediate evaluation of response is necessary, as response is the more discriminant prognostic factor for local control. Non responders would be assigned for immediate cystectomy. Morbidity and results of salvage cystectomy are poorly evaluated and probably depending from time from initial treatment and dose of radiation.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a VNA mental health project.

Using a quasi-experimental design, discharged psychiatric patients referred to the Visiting Nurse Association of Cleveland during a nine-month period were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups. Patients were interviewed twice--after hospital discharge and six months later. Of the 110 patients who completed both interviews, which included a socially expected activities form, 62 were female, 63 nonwhite, 108 from the lowest two levels of socioeconomic status, and 74 schizophrenic. Six months postdischarge a 14% increase in employment was noted in the treatment group, who received nursing services, but no change was noted in the control group. Control group members (57%) were more likely to miss taking their prescribed medicines than were treatment group members (36%). Readmission occurred more frequently in the control (34%) than in the treatment group (28%). No difference was noted between the two groups on socially expected activities scores, possibly because: 1) the categories of the instrument may be too broad to discriminate between groups that are similar in their adjustment, 2) six months may not be a long enough time interval, 3) many patients had characteristics identified as "unfavorable" in reported studies, 4) an average of 2.3 visits a month by the nurses may not be adequate for the patients referred to this agency.

Aftercare↗
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A collaborative health promotion effort: nursing students and Wendy's Team Up.

Community health nursing students, faculty, and Wendy's fast food restaurant conducted a 2-day health fair that provided health screening, counseling, and educational opportunities for the community, an exciting learning experience for the students, funds for the school of nursing, and good public relations for Wendy's. The authors describe the planning, implementation, and evaluation of this health fair as a student learning activity.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relative satisfaction with nursing care of patients with ostomies.

Nurses and patients engage in an interactive process that is both supportive and educational. The ability of the nurse to communicate with the patient in a manner that the patient perceives as accepting will lead to transaction, goal attainment, effective nursing care, and satisfaction. This study was undertaken to examine the relationship between nurses' perceptions of patients with ostomies and those patients' satisfaction with nursing care. Data were also collected on nurses' confidence in caring for patients with ostomies, the length of time with the patient, and previous experience in caring for patients with new ostomies. Twelve patients with new ostomies and the registered nurses who cared for them on postoperative units at a regional medical center and a community hospital were identified. Reed's 1989 adaptation of Yuker, Block, and Young's 1972 Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons scale was used to obtain the nurse's perceptions of patients with ostomies. The LaMonica-Oberst Patient Satisfaction Scale was used to obtain the ostomy patients' satisfaction with nursing care. No statistically significant relationship was identified between nurses perceptions of patients with ostomies and these patients' satisfaction with care. However, the data suggest that there may be a relationship between higher patient satisfaction scores and three factors: the nurse's confidence in caring for patients with ostomies, the length of the nurse-patient relationship, and the employment of a certified ET nurse in the hospital in which the patient receives nursing care.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy of epithelial origin occurring with a high incidence in southern China and southeast Asia. Radiotherapy is the main treatment modality for NPC. No effective chemotherapy is available. Since prevention of EGF/EGFR binding by an EGFR specific monoclonal antibody suppressed the growth of NPC xenografts, we examined potential anti-NPC activity by a group of specific inhibitors of the EGFR family of tyrosine kinases. We found that HONE-T1 NPC cells expressed high levels of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity upon stimulation by EGF. The receptor tyrosine kinase activity was specifically inhibited by either reversible (PD158780) or irreversible (PD168393) inhibitors specific for EGFR family tyrosine kinases. This inhibition led to a dose-dependent suppression of anchorage-independent growth as determined by soft agar assays. A structural analog (PD159805) with no inhibitory activity against EGFR tyrosine kinase had no effect on HONE-T1 cell growth in agar. Furthermore, growth of HONE-T1 xenografts in SCID mice was also inhibited by treatment with PD158780 and PD 168393. This data provides an appealing application of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinomas.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Typhoid fever in north Lebanon: a 8-year study (1992-1999) using the Widal test].

We evaluated the frequency of typhoid fever in north Lebanon over an 8-year period (1992-1999) in patients admitted with fever to the Islami de Bienfaisance Hospital in Tripoli. We analysed 7391 serum samples for Salmonella typhi infection using the Widal and Felix tests. The cut-off value for infection was an agglutinin O titre > or = 1/160 (a value validated in an earlier study in the same region). Of the 7391 samples, 1131 (15.3%) had an agglutinin O titre > or = 1/160. The 8-year surveillance showed there was a progressive decrease in the frequency of the disease. However with over 100 cases annually, typhoid is endemic in the area and could cause major outbreaks. The monthly analysis shows that we have an increase in summer, whilst a decrease is observed in winter.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urinary infection in urology. A rapid technique for confirmation of the diagnosis and the orientation of medical treatment (author's transl)].

A rapid technique for confirmation of the diagnosis and the orientation of medical treatment of urinary infection. Performance of direct antibiotic sensitivities on urine is a rapid (14 to 18 hours) procedure for determining the presence of organisms in the urine and seeking the antibiotic most active against them. In order to assess the value of the procedure, it was compared with classical bacteriological techniques. The correlation was found to be satisfactory. This procedure of direct sensitivity studies on urine is not in to way in competition with classical bacteriological techniques but is of great value in rapidly confirming the diagnosis of urinary infection and in the orientation of therapy. It eliminates a number of the justifications of blind treatment.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗