Hepatitis C virus infection and MALT-type ocular adnexal lymphoma.
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Conjunctival Neoplasms↗
Biomedical subjects
P Validire
Publications and source records attributed to P Validire.
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma: report of seven cases including one with lung metastasis.
BACKGROUND: Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare cutaneous neoplasm, with a high rate of local recurrences. OBJECTIVE: A series of MAC was analyzed and compared to previously published cases. METHODS: Seven cases of MAC were identified in the register of the institution. Medical and pathological records were reviewed. RESULTS: The primary MAC were located on the face in all patients, and 85% were initially misdiagnosed. The mean follow-up duration was 108 months. The recurrence rate was high: 4 patients developed recurrences. In 3 patients, the course of the disease was severe: one of them developed pathologically proven lung metastasis. CONCLUSION: The present study and review of the literature confirm the clinically aggressive evolution of MAC and its rare ability to give rise to metastasis. Long-term clinical follow-ups with imaging investigations are mandatory.
Adult↗
Expression of c-KIT oncoprotein in gastrointestinal stromal tumors in adults and children: guideline for diagnosis and treatment.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) represent a distinct oncogenetic entity that is now center stage in clinical trials of kinase-targeted therapies. These neoplasms express the c-KIT oncoprotein and occur predominantly in adults, more rarely in children. Two selected cases of GIST expressing c-KIT, including one adult patient and a 9-year-old boy are presented. The adult patient was admitted for palpable abdominal mass without other clinical symptoms. On biopsies obtained by scanner-guided procedure, diagnosis of ganglioneurinoma was proposed with the remark that GIST tumor could not be categorically excluded. At surgery, voluminous encapsulated tumor located at the jejunal wall was found and totally excised. The second patient presented with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage associated with several months history of general fatigue and loss of appetite. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a tumoral mass arising from the lesser curvature of the stomach compatible with GIST. Two small metastatic lesions in the liver were also detected. Combined treatment by surgery and systemic therapy by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate was applied.
Benzamides↗
Uterine lipoma: MRI features with pathologic correlation.
Fatty tumors of the uterus are rare. Most reported cases have been of the mixed type, consisting of smooth muscle and mature adipose tissue. We present the first case of a pure lipoma with pathologic correlation in which a preoperative diagnosis was made by magnetic resonance imaging.
Aged↗
Differential expression of biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma: a comparative study between smokers and never-smokers.
BACKGROUND: Non-small-cell lung cancer arising in never-smokers is usually of adenocarcinoma subtype. The oncogenic pathway of such tumors is poorly understood. To better define the biological characteristics of these tumors, we have compared the expression of a panel of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-related biomarkers in lung adenocarcinomas from smokers versus those in never-smokers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Using immunohistochemical analysis, we retrospectively analyzed EGFR, pAKT, PTEN, Ki-67, p27 and hTERT expression in specimens from 190 patients with completely resected lung adenocarcinomas (43 never-smokers and 147 smokers). These analyses were performed on tissue microarrays. RESULTS: EGFR expression was higher in tumors from smokers (P < 0.01), while pAKT was overexpressed mainly in tumors from never-smokers (P = 0.01). As expected, the tumors from smokers presented a higher expression of Ki-67 and a more frequent loss of expression of p27 (P < 0.01). In a multivariate model, two biological factors (p27 and Ki-67) and two clinical factors (age and sex) showed independent significant correlation with never-smoking status. CONCLUSIONS: Lung adenocarcinomas in never-smokers have a very distinct immunohistochemical expression profile of EGFR-related biomarkers as compared with lung adenocarcinomas in smokers. High levels of EGFR and Ki-67 are observed in smokers, while never-smokers are characterized by high levels of pAKT and p27.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Inflammatory pseudotumor of the caruncle].
A 6-year-old girl exhibited a recent caruncular tumor which was increasing in size. It was removed after a CT scan had showed a both medial and superficial mass. Fortunately, histological tests only found inflammatory cells attesting that the mass was due to an inflammation of this area. Inflammation is one of the different processes that may increase the size of the caruncle, but sometimes, only histopathology can provide conclusive evidence.
Child↗
Gene expression profiles of bladder cancers: evidence for a striking effect of in vitro cell models on gene patterns.
In order to assess the effect of in vitro models on the expression of key genes known to be implicated in the development or progression of cancer, we quantified by real-time quantitative PCR the expression of 28 key genes in three bladder cancer tissue specimens and in their derived cell lines, studied either as one-dimensional single cell suspensions, two-dimensional monolayers or three-dimensional spheroids. Global analysis of gene expression profiles showed that in vitro models had a dramatic impact upon gene expression. Remarkably, quantitative differences in gene expression of 2-63-fold were observed in 24 out of 28 genes among the cell models. In addition, we observed that the in vitro model which most closely mimicked in vivo mRNA phenotype varied with both the gene and the patient. These results provide evidence that mRNA expression databases based on cancer cell lines, which are studied to provide a rationale for selection of therapy on the basis of molecular characteristics of a patient's tumour, must be carefully interpreted.
Clone Cells↗
[Results of proton beam irradiation for treatment of choroidal melanoma].
PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of proton beam irradiation of choroidal melanomas on a large series of patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a series of patients treated with proton beam irradiation between 1991 and December 1998. The data were analyzed to evaluate the local tumor control as well as the general progression and metastatic rate of the patients. Statistical analysis served to isolate risk factors for relapse or metastasis. RESULTS: We treated 1062 patients during the study period, with a median follow-up of 38 months. Local control was obtained for 97.1% of the patients. Tumors anterior to the equator were at risk for relapse. The survival rate was 92% at 2 years and 78% at 5 years. 73.1% of the 1062 patients died from metastasis, 6.1% of living patients presented with metastatic disease. The risk factors for death were the initial diameter, the age of the patient, and large tumor volume at diagnosis. Metastasis were essentially hepatic (94.6%). Risk factors for metastasis were: a large tumor volume, a lesion anterior or straddling the equator and the age of the patient. Ocular complications may induce a visual loss of 0.1 and less in 47% of the patients, due to optic nerve head and macular ischemia. 6% of the patients required secondary enucleation due to local complications (neovascular glaucoma). CONCLUSION: Proton beam irradiation of choroidal melanoma allows good tumor control and eye retention. The survival prognosis is associated with the initial volume of the tumor. The functional results may be improved and new therapeutics are needed to treat metastatic disease.
Adolescent↗
Development of an ultrasonically activated trocar system.
BACKGROUND: Although rare, visceral and vascular injuries related to the insertion of conventional laparoscopic trocars may have disastrous consequences. Most of these injuries are due to the high puncture force applied to the trocar. We present the results of an animal laboratory evaluation of a newly developed ultrasonically activated trocar. METHODS: A total of 40 punctures were made in four pigs with an average weight of 53 kg. An 11-mmHg pneumoperitoneum was created through a Veress needle. A 10-mm diameter trocar was inserted in the midline for a laparoscope. A series of five trocars were then inserted on each lateral wall under laparoscopic control. Twenty punctures were made with a conventional reusable 11-mm trocar (CT) whose tip was sharp and conical. Twenty punctures were made with an 11-mm ultrasonically activated trocar (UT), whose fequency was 23.5 KHz and amplitude 150 mm. The cutaneous incision was made large enough so that the skin did not interfere with the trocar insertion. The force applied to the trocar was measured with a push-pull gauge connected to a computer. The following data were recorded: maximal force applied to the trocar to obtain insertion of the tip through the abdominal wall, maximum abdominal pressure increase during trocar insertion, and time for abdominal penetration. RESULTS: The average time needed for trocar penetration was 12.8 s with CT and 4.5 s with UT (p < 0.001). The average maximal force was 6.8 kgF with CT and 0.4 kgF with UT (p < 0.001). The average abdominal pressure increase was 7.6 mmHg with CT and 0.8 mmHg with UT (p < 0.001). At 30 days, no necrosis was found. Pathological findings were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonically activated trocars required less time and much less force to be inserted. This may be a breakthrough in the safety of trocar insertion.
Animals↗
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in the pig: comparison of three hemostasis techniques.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Control of intraoperative bleeding is the main technical difficulty encountered during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and morbidity of three renal parenchymal hemostasis techniques: high-frequency bipolar electrical current, high-frequency unipolar spray electrical current, and ultrasound during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy performed in pigs without vascular control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A standardized laparoscopic transperitoneal right lower-pole partial nephrectomy was performed in 27 pigs with a mean weight of 65 +/- 5 kg. The pigs were divided into three groups according to the technology used: Group 1 = bipolar electrical current, Group 2 = unipolar spray electrical current, and Group 3 = ultrasound. Intravenous urography was performed on the 28th day. The kidneys were then removed for histologic examination, and the pigs were sacrificed. The criteria evaluated were intraoperative and postoperative complications, blood loss, renal function, and thickness of the parenchymal lesions induced. The Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test for comparison of medians was used for statistical analysis of the data (P < 0.05). Data from pigs that died before the end of the study were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS: All partial nephrectomies were performed laparoscopically, and all pigs were alive at the end of the operation. The postoperative complication rate was 11% (N = 3): two pigs died before the end of the study, one from hemorrhage on Day 6 (Group 2), and the other from prolonged reflex ileus with sacrifice of the pig on Day 7 (Group 3). One pig developed an asymptomatic urinoma (Group 2). Blood loss was significantly lower when ultrasound was used (P = 0.026). Global renal function was not significantly altered in the various groups. The median thickness of tissue necrosis and fibrosis detected in the scar zone was 6 mm (range 4-10 mm) and was similar in the three groups. CONCLUSION: Partial nephrectomy can be performed by laparoscopy without vascular control in the pig. Coagulation by ultrasound appears to present an advantage in terms of limitation of blood loss compared with coagulation by bipolar or unipolar spray electrical currents without presenting any benefit in terms of preservation of the renal parenchyma.
Animals↗
Sonographic, CT, and MR imaging findings in diffuse infiltrative retinoblastoma: report of two cases with histologic comparison.
SUMMARY: Diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma is a rare form of retinoblastoma. We report two cases of this disease in which sonographic, CT, and MR imaging findings were compared with histologic studies obtained after enucleation. Although nonspecific, MR imaging provides valuable morphologic data for the diagnosis of diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma and may help in decisions regarding enucleation.
Child, Preschool↗
[Malignant primary fibrous histiocytoma of the pleura].
UNLABELLED: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a uncommon primary sarcoma, occurring exceptionally in the thoracic site. We report a case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pleura in a 23-year-old man. The tumour was revealed by chest pain and alteration of the general state. A complete resection of the tumour histologically diagnosed as a malignant fibrous histiocytoma, with a right upper lobectomy was performed. No adjuvant treatment was proposed. The patient died 4 months after operation with cerebral metastasis. CONCLUSION: MFH should be treated by wide surgical resection if technically feasible, the role of adjuvant treatment is not defined.
Adult↗
[Mediastioscopic management of pleuropericardial cysts].
We report two cases of paratracheal cystic tumors where no preoperative diagnosis could be established. Mediastinoscopy provided the diagnosis of pleuropericardial cyst. The mediastinoscopic approach allowed partial removal in one case and complete removal in the other.
Biopsy↗
[Complications of hydroxyapatite orbital implants in children: a series of 105 cases].
PURPOSE: To describe the complications encountered using hydroxyapatite as an orbital implant in the pediatric population after enucleation, and try to define the risk factors for their occurrence. MATERIAL: and methods: Retrospective review of charts of children who underwent enucleation with placement of an hydroxyapatite implant between January 1991 and 1998. Complications and their type (conjunctival, extrusion, eyelids complications) have been specifically looked for. A statistical analysis trying to isolate the risks factors was performed. RESULTS: 105 implants have been used during this period with 26.7% of complications appearing during a median followup of 22 months. Extrusion of the implant was observed in 1.9% of the cases, a chronic conjunctival erosion in 15%, a conjunctival lesion without erosion in 4.75% and no eyelid lesion could be seen. Treatment (medical or surgical) achieved 75% good results. No risk factor could be found. CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite orbital implants were initially thought to have no or few complications. More recently, chronic erosions in particular were described. Little data exists on the pediatric population. Our series confirms that complications occur and that they are comparable to the adult population. Nevertheless the hydroxyapatite orbital implant seems better tolerated than other porous or non porous implants and warrants its use.
Adult↗
[Current treatment of retinoblastoma. 153 children treated between 1995 and 1998].
PURPOSE: Treatment of retinoblastoma has changed significantly over the past few years. There are fewer indications for external beam radiation and a new treatment modality, chemotherapy, has appeared. MATERIAL: and methods: We reviewed a series of 153 children treated for retinoblastoma between 1995 and 1998. There were 67 boys and 86 girls: 76 unilateral and 77 bilateral retinoblastomas. Indications for treatments and outcome were reviewed for 230 eyes and for each tumor. Age at diagnosis varied from 0 to 94 months with a median age of 12 months. A family history of retinoblastoma was found in 24 cases. Three children were seen for treatment of recurrence. RESULTS: Among the 76 cases of unilateral retinoblastoma, 56 were enucleated and 20 were treated conservatively (5 with external beam radiation). Among the 154 eyes with bilateral retinoblastoma, 48 were enucleated and 106 were treated conservatively (49 by external beam radiation). Local treatments included chemothermotherapy, laser alone, cryotherapy, and (125)I plaques. Conservative management other than external beam radiation was used for 81 eyes and was successful in 72 (89%). CONCLUSION: We discuss the indications and results of primary chemotherapy and local treatments. External beam radiation is still often indicated in bilaterally advanced cases. In other forms of retinoblastoma, chemothermotherapy is a very reliable and useful treatment.
Child, Preschool↗
Detection of chromosome imbalances in retinoblastoma by parallel karyotype and CGH analyses.
We have studied a series of 20 primary retinoblastomas by karyotypic analysis and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), to perform an exhaustive evaluation of chromosome imbalances in this tumor. In addition, 4 tumors were studied by CGH only. On the whole, CGH results were largely in agreement with those of karyotypic analysis and with known cytogenetic data. The most frequent imbalances were +6p (13/24 cases), +1q (12/24), -16/-16q (11/24), and +2p (9/24). Recurrent high-level amplifications were observed in 2p23-25 and 1q21. Amplification of 2p23-25, present in 4 cases among which 3 showed double-minute chromosomes, was related to MYCN amplification, as demonstrated by FISH and PCR. No evident correlation was found in this small series between any of the imbalances identified and either the differentiation or the histoprognostic risk.
Adolescent↗
Cytogenetic study of eight new cases of radiation-induced solid tumors.
Radiation-induced tumors were selected according to the criteria defined by Cahan (1948) for sarcomas. Cell cultures and/or xenografts in nude mice were performed with biopsies obtained from second primary tumors. Karyotypes of eight tumors were established after R-banding. After comparison with literature data on 15 other cases, two distinct cytogenetic patterns could be distinguished. One was characterized by polyclonal karyotypes, of which a large proportion were simple and carriers of balanced translocations. Another one was characterized by monoclonal chromosome alterations observed in highly aneuploid and complex karyotypes, in which many deletions were observed. These two different patterns could be related to the modality of metaphase harvesting. Polyclonal karyotypes were preferentially observed after long-term cultures, and monoclonal karyotypes after short-term cultures or xenografts. The following scheme of radiation oncogenesis is proposed: a) induction of recessive gene mutations including that of tumor suppressor genes; b) accumulation of genomic alterations in the irradiated tissue with aging, including deletions or mutations of normal alleles from mutated tumor suppressor genes; and c) loss of tumor suppressor gene function and initiation of a multistage tumor development and progression. Polyclonal abnormalities are assumed to exist in noncancerous cells which acquired radiation-induced chromosome aberrations.
Aneuploidy↗
Histologically similar, synchronous or metachronous, lacrimal salivary-type and parotid gland tumors: A series of 11 cases.
BACKGROUND: Restricted presentation of malignancy at both lacrimal and parotid salivary glands are unusual occurrences that may pose clinical and diagnostic difficulties. METHODS: We applied certain clinicopathological criteria to distinguish between lacrimal and parotid gland primaries in a series of 11 patients with synchronous and/or metachronous tumors of similar histology at both sites. RESULTS: Of eight patients with primary lacrimal carcinomas, seven had metachronous metastases to parotid glands. All three patients with primary parotid carcinomas had concurrent metastases to lacrimal glands. Patients with primary lacrimal tumors metastasizing to the parotid gland appear to have better clinical outcome in comparison with those with parotid primary with secondary lacrimal metastases. CONCLUSION: Careful examination of parotid glands in the assessment of any lacrimal gland tumor with high-grade adenocarcinoma morphology is recommended to rule out the possibility of a parotid primary.
Adenocarcinoma↗