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Biomedical subjects

P Valdiguie

Publications and source records attributed to P Valdiguie.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Computer program for connection and data management of an automated coagulation system: the KC 10.

In Europe, the KC 10, manufactured by Amelung Germany, is one of the instruments most commonly found in coagulation laboratories. For facilitating the work of technical validation, we wrote a software adapted to any IBM or compatible PC running under MS-DOS, to manage the analyser performance. Data are automatically collected via the BCD interface from the analyser or keyed in for the other techniques. The software deals with 64 different analyses entirely 'user defined'. An 'electronic worksheet' presents the results, by page of ten patients. This enables the laboratory technician to assess the coherence of the various data and to perform verifications or complementary tests if necessary. As an option, a blinking asterisk can signal all results outside predetermined range. By moving the cursor through the table, a test result can be deleted, modified or added. A function displays the patient's previous files in a window because the data are recorded in long-term archives at the end of the day. This long-term recording allows a search of previous files to decide additional tests if the patient is unknown. A daily archive function classifies and prints the whole day's work in alphabetical order. A protocol of communication allows connection to a mainframe Bayer-Technicon computer. This program and the user's manual are free, available on request from address above.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1994

A data management program for the Electra 800 automatic analyser.

The Electra 800 automatic coagulation analyser rapidly performs most chronometric coagulation tests with high precision. To facilitate data handling, software, adaptable to any PC running under MS-DOS, was written to manage the analyser. Data are automatically collected via the RS232 interface or can be manually input. The software can handle 64 different analyses, all entirely 'user defined'. An 'electronic worksheet' presents the results in pages of ten patients. This enables the operator to assess the data and to perform verifications or complementary tests if necessary. All results outside a predetermined range can be flagged and results can be deleted, modified or added. A patient's previous files can be recalled as the data are archived at the end of the day. A 120 Mb disk can store approximately 130,000 patient files. A daily archive function can print the day's work in alphabetical order. A communication protocol allows connection to a mainframe computer. This program and the user's manual are available on request, free of charge, from the authors.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1994

Reduced Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity and plasma lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations in diabetic patients.

A fraction from normal human plasma inhibiting Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase has been recently identified as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of a relationship between the activity of the cellular membrane Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and plasma LPC in human diabetes. We studied 10 patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 14 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 10 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Plasma LPC concentrations were increased in both IDDM and NIDDM patients compared with control subjects. Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity was reduced in both groups of patients in erythrocyte and platelet membranes. There was a significant correlation between the concentrations of plasma LPC and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in both erythrocyte and platelet membranes (P < 0.01). To investigate the effect of LPC on the enzyme, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity was determined in erythrocyte membranes obtained from six healthy subjects after in vitro incubation with increasing concentrations of LPC (1-10 microM). Enzymatic activity was significantly reduced by in vitro LPC at a concentration of 2.5 microM, with a further decrease at 5 microM. These data suggest that the decrease in Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in diabetes might be due to increased LPC concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Lipoprotein peroxidation in adult psoriatic patients.

Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by an aberration of lipid metabolism, has been associated with an increased risk for atherosclerosis. Since oxidatively modified lipoproteins are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we investigated the lipid composition and in vitro induced peroxidation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) from psoriatic patients. 11 male adult psoriatics and 16 male age-matched healthy subjects were studied. Lipid peroxidation of VLDL and LDL was performed by incubation with CuSO4 for 24 h at 37 degrees C. The compositional analysis showed a significant increase in triglycerides and phospholipids, both in VLDL (p < 0.05) and in LDL (p < 0.001) from psoriatic patients, compared with controls. Moreover a significant increase in total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.01) and apoprotein (P) (p < 0.05) was found in LDL from psoriatics. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as a measurement of lipid peroxidation, were significantly higher in Ox-VLDL and in Ox-LDL from psoriatics (p < 0.01) than the corresponding values in controls. Moreover, basal values of TBARS were significantly higher in VLDL and LDL from psoriatic patients than those from controls. In conclusion, the lipoprotein compositional changes associated with the modifications of TBARS before and after Cu2+ treatment of lipoproteins may suggest an increased risk for atherosclerosis in adult psoriatic patients.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1992

Lower susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to in vitro oxidation in diabetic patients.

The susceptibility to peroxidative stress of low density lipoprotein (LDL), induced by incubation with CuSO4, has been studied in eleven diabetic patients and eleven control subjects. Our results suggest that oxidized LDL (OX-LDL) of diabetic patients have a significant higher reactivity to 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) than controls, that indicates a lower susceptibility of LDL to oxidative stress. Furthermore using the fluorescence polarization (Pf) of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and its phosphatidylcholine derivative (DPH-PC) we have shown that peroxidation induces a decrease of fluidity in OX-LDL of controls and diabetic patients, both at the lipoprotein surface, where is localized DPH-PC and at the interface between lipoprotein surface and core which is probed by DPH.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The diagnostic value of acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase ratio in Hirschsprung's disease.

Aganglionosis of large bowel (Hirschsprung's disease; HD) is associated with higher acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE activity). Occasionally, especially in the neonatal period, the AChE activity may not be of diagnostic value. The authors previously reported that simultaneous estimation of butyrylcholinesterase activity (BChE activity) and the determination of AChE/BChE ratio may have discriminatory diagnostic value. They extended this finding to 31 cases of HD, in 16 of which resected tissue was available for study. All cases had histologic confirmation of aganglionosis. The AChE/BChE ratio was found to be higher than 2.0, with the exception of a case in which the biopsy weight was low (i.e., less than 3 mg), even when the AChE activity was normal or borderline. The estimation of AChE/BChE ratio is easy, rapid, and, in the author's experience, of discriminatory diagnostic value.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnostic value of cholinesterase activity in superficial biopsies of the rectum].

Quantitative assay of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities have been estimated in superficial rectal biopsies from 168 neonates or children suspected of having Hirschsprung's disease. The AChE activity made the diagnosis in 93% of the cases. The ratio AChE/BChE improved both the specificity and the sensitivity and confirmed the diagnosis on the first series of biopsies in 99% of the cases.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

[Predictive value of plasma apolipoprotein B in myocardial infarction in young subjects. Correlations with coronarographic data].

In recent epidemiological studies, apolipoprotein-B (apo B), the main low density lipoprotein (LDL), was found to be significantly elevated in patients with early atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to compare plasma apo B in a population of men who had suffered myocardial infarction before 45 years of age (N = 31) with a control population (N = 22). In the coronary group, there were 27 angiographies between the end of the first and third month. The plasma lipoproteins were separated by ultracentrifugation, cholesterol and triglycerides measured by enzymatic methods and apo B by Laurell's technique of immunoelectrophoresis. Our results showed significantly higher apo B in the coronary group (p less than 0.05). Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL cholesterol were also significantly higher whilst high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly lower. In addition, apo B levels correlated with the severity of the coronary lesions on angiography. Therefore, the plasma apo B level is a good predictive indicator of the presence of early coronary atherosclerosis and its severity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cerebral circulatory effects of a dopaminergic agonist (apomorphine) in the dog.

Dopaminergic influence upon cerebral circulation was studied in 12 adult mongrel dogs, local cerebral blood flow (lCBF) being measured by the microspheres method. The intravenous injection of apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg) produced heterogeneous effects on lCBF; an increase in lCBF reaching the level of statistical significance was observed in frontal and sensory motor cortices, whereas blood flow was not significantly altered in the other regions examined. When the animals are considered individually, a widespread response was generally observed. Local cerebral blood flow increased from 16% to 85% (depending on the regions examined) in 4 animals, and tended to decrease (particularly in the caudate nucleus) in the 8 others. These opposite effects cannot be related with changes in general metabolic or hemodynamic parameters (PaCO2, PaO2, pH, and arterial pressure). It is thus concluded that the effect of dopaminergic stimulation upon cerebral circulation is more complex than previously reported. These effects could only be partly mediated via vascular receptors and could be the result of modifications of the local metabolic level.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The influence of phthalate esters on human plasma lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase.

The effect of various phthalate esters on the lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase activity in man was studied in vitro. The enzymatic activity was strongly reduced with all phthalates except for the dimethyl phthalate. The inhibition rate depends on the phthalate concentration and also on the carbon number of the alkyl groups of phthalates.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1979

Cutaneous cholesterol and plasma lipoproteins in young subjects.

The present report concerns the biochemical and anatomo-pathological study of the skin and the plasma lipoprotein fractions in a young population (average age : 22 +/- 1.5 years). The levels of cutaneous cholesterol and the ratio HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol are closely linked even through the histological structure of the skin is still normal; the level of cutaneous cholesterol giving a good indication of the degree of vascular ageing. The observations confirm the usefulness of measuring these two parameters in the detection of early atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Glycoproteins of pleural effusions (author's transl)].

Using single radial immunodiffusion, ten glycoproteins from non purulent pleural fluids have been estimated in different diseases. For five proteins (prealbumin, ceruloplasmin, alpha2HS-glycoprotein, transferrin, beta2-glycoprotein 1) the results have been found not to correlate with the causal disease. However for orosomucoid, alpha1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, alpha2-macroglobulin and hemopexin, there was good correlation between proteins levels and aetiology. The glycoprotein concentration was low in mechanical effusions from cirrhosis and chronic cardiac failure. It was high in inflammatory, post-embolism and particularly neoplastic effusions. A raised orosomucoid level occurred as the most characteristic of cancer states especially when associated with a parallel increase of the four other glycoproteins. A simultaneously elevated level of these five pleural glycoproteins seems to be a good and significant biological sign for neoplastic effusion diagnosis.

Glycoproteins↗