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Biomedical subjects

P Vague

Publications and source records attributed to P Vague.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Plasma lipid fractions in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Effects of short-term control of glycaemia (author's transl)].

In order to elicitate a possible influence of short-term control of glycaemia on circulating plasma lipid fractions, the authors have endeavoured to find out: (a) whether there was a correlation between these fractions and glycosyl-haemoglobin (Hb A1) which indicates previous glycaemic balance, and (b) whether the various lipid fractions were modified by absolute control of glycaemia during a 24-hour application of artificial pancreas. They found that HbA1 correlated positively with total cholesterol and VLDL + LDL cholesterol, but not with HDL cholesterol. After 24 hours on artificial pancreas there was a significant decrease in total blood cholesterol without changes in blood triglycerides. The decrease was homogenous and concerned cholesterol concentrations in both low and high density lipoproteins. The authors conclude that the increased risk of atherosclerosis in insulin-dependent patients is in-related to a decrease in HDL cholesterol.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Relationship between intravenous ethanol, alcohol-induced inhibition of pancreatic secretion and plasma concentration of immunoreactive pancreatic polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and somatostatin in man.

We have studied in seven men, consuming less than 50 g alcohol daily, the effect of intravenous (i.v.) ethanol on (a) hormonally (secretin + CCK PZ) submaximally stimulated pancreatic secretion and (b) blood levels of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin. After intravenous ethanol (600 mg/kg), pancreatic secretion decreased in all subjects and plasma levels of PP and VIP increased significantly. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the mean inhibition of chymotrypsin output and the mean increase in PP plasma levels during the first 45 min following ethanol infusion. Therefore i.v. infusion of alcohol elicits release of PP and VIP and PP release could explain in part at least the alcohol-induced pancreatic inhibition observed in non-alcoholic men.

Chymotrypsin↗
PubMed1981

Effects of insulin on erythrocyte deformability in diabetics--relationship between erythrocyte deformability and platelet aggregation.

Erythrocyte deformability was studied by the filtration technique of Reid & Dormandy using whole blood and washed erythrocytes from insulin-dependent diabetics (IDD) under insulin delivery by an artificial pancreas (AP). The same technique was employed to study deformability in vitro using normal erythrocytes incubated in the presence of insulin. Results of this study show that in IDD the initially poor erythrocyte deformability is improved within hours of insulin administration. Improved deformability was accompanied by increased levels of intra-erythrocyte ATP but without changes in levels of HbG and 23 DPG. Incubation of erythrocytes in medium containing glucose showed that deformability was significantly improved in the presence of insulin. These results indicate that insulin favourably affects erythrocyte deformability in IDD. Before and after 24 hours treatment by AP, platelet aggregation was studied in IDD by the technique of Born using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and by a modified Breddin technique using PRP, whole blood or whole blood treated by chlorpromazine and mixtures of erythrocytes from IDD with normal PRP. Platelet hyperaggregation was only found in the presence of erythrocytes from untreated diabetics. Chlorpromazine, at a dose (10 mumole) which inhibits haemolysis without inducing platelet hyperaggregation, eliminated the above anomaly. In conclusion, it is conceivable that the insulin-induced correction of poor erythrocyte deformability eliminates excessive fragility of erythrocytes and their haemolysis wit release of ADP, thus avoiding platelet hyperaggregation.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
PubMed1980

Low plasma levels of pancreatic polypeptide in obesity.

Plasma levels of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) were studied in a group of 22 normal and 22 obese subjects after an overnight fast. In a second group of 10 normal and 13 obese adults, PP secretion was stimulated by a protein-rich meal. The results indicate lower fasting PP values in the obese subjects and a decreased response during the second phase of the meal-induced secretion. This could suggest a possible role of PP in obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[The clinical value of C-peptide assay (author's transl)].

The C-peptide is a polypeptide generated from enzymatic cleavage of proinsulin into insulin in pancreatic B. cell. C-peptide and insulin are secreted in an equimolar ratio. For this reason. C-peptide radio-immunoassay in blood or urine reflects the insulin secretion when direct insulin determination cannot be done (insulin treatment, circulating insulin antibodies). This assay is mainly used in clinical and investigational studies of insulin dependent diabets. It enabled demonstation of residual secretion of insulin in numerous insulin dependent patients (70% during the first year and 15% after the 15th year of the disease). Persistence of insulin secretion may play a role in the natural history of diabetes since patients with detectable C-peptide immunoreactivity have more stable diabetes, are controlled by lower insulin dose and are less ketosis prone than the others. Factors which influence persistence of B. cell activity in some IDD remain unknown.

C-Peptide↗
PubMed1979

[The influence of blood glucose on the filtrability of red cells in diabets. Variations after connection to an artificial pancreas (author's transl)].

In 36 treated diabetics (15 with insulin, 21 with oral hypoglycaemic agents) without any detectable arterial atheromatous lesion, there was a negative correlation between the filtrability of red cells and blood glucose levels (r = - 0.60) on the one hand and, secondly, glycosylated haemoglobin levels (r = - 0.40). In 17 insulindependents diabetics connected to an artificial pancreas, normalisation of blood glucose was accompanied by a concomitant increase in the filtrability of red cells, and improvement of spontaneous platelet agregation. Good control of diabetes would thus appear to be necessary to reduce the incidence of microangiopathy.

Artificial Organs↗
PubMed1979

[Artificial pancreas: study methods and control of glycemia equilibrium in diabetic patients].

The artificial endocrine pancreas or artificial beta cell, consists of a continuous blood glucose monitoring system, a computered set-up which responds to glycemia and the hormone delivery system. This system provides a technique which can completely normalize blood glucose concentration in diabetic patients, during both food assumption and after. This paper deals with the characteristics of the artificial beta cell, its possible applications and its limits.

Artificial Organs↗
PubMed1979

[Blood concentration in glycosylated hemoglobin. Index in diabetic control time (author's transl)].

To estimate during which period of time the degree of diabetes control is integrated by the level of glycosylated hemoglobin two approachs were used. Hb-g was assayed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis in insulin-dependent diabetics and compared to the degree of control over a 3 months period. Control was evaluated by the semiquantitative urine test for sugar "Clinitest" three time a day. Hb-g correlated highly with last month glycosuria, but not as well with those of the two preceding months. These later correlation in fact reflected the stability of control over the three months. In 7 incipient insulin dependent diabetics in whom normal glycaemia was achieved abruptly and maintained for more than one month, Hb-g fell to normal within one month and therefore did not reflect the prexisting hyperglycemia. Hb-g integrates precisely the degree of diabetes control, but over a one month period only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Whited Addison's disease. Eight cases (author's transl)].

In 8 cases of Addison's disease due to adrenal tuberculosis, the substitutive treatment appeared unnecessary since more than one year. Urinary 17-OHCS were in the normal range but did not rise after ACTH injection except in two cases. In all the cases, plasma ACTH was elevated but lower than in severe adrenal insufficiency, and in the range of those observed in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The nycthemeral variation of plasma ACTH were maintained. Therefore, an apparently normal basal cortico-adrenal function was obtained by an excessive stimulation by endogenous ACTH. The one year prescription of anti-tuberculosis chimiotherapy to 6 of these patients was possibly responsible for the partial reversal of adrenal insufficiency. However the substutive therapy appears needless in every day life, such a treatment would eventually be necessary during stress conditions.

Addison Disease↗