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Biomedical subjects

P V Berard

Publications and source records attributed to P V Berard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Simultaneous horizontal and vertical surgery in esotropia].

The vertical syndrome depends on the triple action of the vertical muscles and includes vertical, alphabetical and torsional patterns; this syndrome is of major importance in the diagnosis and treatment of esotropia. We advise routine simultaneous surgery of the horizontal and vertical components. In congenital and early esotropias which occur before one year of age, extensive tests of sensorial evaluation cannot be carried out before three years of age and the vertical syndrome should therefore upon automatically be operated whatever its severity. The advantage of this type of surgery is unquestionable for removal of obstacles preventing recovery of a form of binocular vision. In acquired esotropias when good sensorial conditions (fusion, N.R.C., stereopsis) may be elicited after three years of age and when there is a minor vertical syndrome, vertical surgery might be considered as optional, but as vertical surgery is not dangerous, it can only be regarded as beneficial. With our surgical technique we obtain successful long-term results for horizontal deviation, which improves progressively (83%); vertical and alphabetical patterns improve in similar proportions (65 and 64% respectively). Surgical results depend on which of the following two forms of esotropia is present: in congenital and early esotropias a form of binocular vision with an angle of anomaly occurs almost without exception; in acquired esotropias a form of binocular vision without an angle of anomaly sometimes occurs. Overcorrections require second stage operation, which are simple and nonmutilating when the removal of convex glasses or the use of concave glasses does not reduce secondary exodeviation. Successful results of post-operative fusion confirm the beneficial influence of surgery on the vertical syndrome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of heterophorias.

It is well known that the treatment of heterophorias is first of all medical (optical and orthoptic). In some cases surgery is required. The surgical indications are stressed by the authors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Penalization in strabismus.

Penalization includes all those methods apart from total occlusion which disturb the central vision of one eye by favouring the other eye. Penalization has a sensory action on functional amblyopia; moreover it also has a motor action, influencing the non-accommodative element of spasm in esotropia. Optical penalization is the most classical method. However, one should also be aware of penalization with partial occlusion or fogging, penalization with mydriatics, and penalization with sectors, which are very often used in association with the classical technique.

Amblyopia↗